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biochemistry > lipids > Flashcards

lipids Flashcards

1
Q

What lipoprotein, in the blood to the tissues, if elevated would cause problems in the body?

A

LDLS

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2
Q

What does VLDL become when it is in the blood stream?

A

LDLS

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3
Q

Which Lipoprotein, brings cholesteryl esters back to the liver?

A

HDLS

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4
Q

what are the three lipoproteins that transport cholesterol?

A

HDLS, LDLS, VLDLS

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5
Q

Which lipoprotein is mainly found in the liver?

A

LDLS

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6
Q

What is the purpose of Cholesterol?

A

modulates fluidity of the plasma membrane

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7
Q

how does cholesterol modulate fluidity?

A

combats the temperature changes so that the cell can keep its fluidity/intergity, so it increase at low temp and decreases at high temperature

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8
Q

what are the 4 types of lipids

A

TAGS, Phospholipids, Steroids, Fatty acids

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9
Q

what are TAGS?

A

nonpolar, main storage form of fatty acids

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10
Q

What is phosphatdylcholine also known as?

A

Lecithin

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11
Q

where is lecithin located?

A

outer leaflet

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12
Q

what provides a monolayer in lipoproteins?

A

phosphatdylcholine/lecithin

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13
Q

what is dipalmitoylphashatdytlcholine?

A

its a derivative of phosphatdylcholine

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14
Q

what does dipalmitoylphashatdytlcholine do?

A

provides surfactant in the lung

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15
Q

What can be phosphorylated to PIP2?

A

phosphatidylininositol

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16
Q

where is phosphatidylinositol located?

A

Inner leaflet

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17
Q

Where is PE and PC located on the cell?

A

plasma membrane

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18
Q

where is phosphatdylethanolamine located?

A

in the inner leaflet

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19
Q

Why is phosphatdytylserine important?

A

it is an indicator of apoptosis, if found on the surface of the cell(inner leaflet)

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20
Q

where is Cardiolipin lacated?

A

inner mitochondrial membrane and bacteria

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21
Q

what phospholipid is antigenic for treponema pallidum(syphillis)

A

Cardiolipin

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22
Q

are phospholipids nonpolar and ionic?

A

no the are POLAR and ionic

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23
Q

what synthesizes sphingolipid?

A

synthesized from pamitoyl CoA and serine w/cofactor PLP

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24
Q

what phospholipid is a determinant of ABO groups?

A

sphingolipid

25
Q

what are the two netural molecules that sphingolipid make?

A

cerebrosides, globoside

26
Q

what charges do sulfatide and gangliosides have?

27
Q

what does the sulfatide do?

A

stabilizes myelin

28
Q

whats are gangliosides found?

A

in the CNS

29
Q

what is the addtional side chain of the ganglioside?

30
Q

What is Acylglycerol?

31
Q

what phospholipids contains arachidonic acid?

A

PI( PHOSPHOATIDYLINOSITOL)

32
Q

what phospholipids is released for eicosanoid synthesis directly by phospholipase or indirectly by phospholipase C?

A

P-Inositol

33
Q

What is the defect of coronary artery disease?

A

excess of LDLS

34
Q

What is the defect of fibrofatty atheroma?

A

excess of LDLS

35
Q

what is the defect of RDS?

A

Deficiency in surfactants- produced by Phospatidylcholine which synthesizes the lipid part of surfactants

36
Q

what isthe defect of barths disease?

A

deficiency of cardiolipin, a cardiomyopathy

37
Q

whats is the defect in MS?

A

Demylenation- shinogomyelin

38
Q

what is the defect of Neiman Pick?

A

lysosomal storage disease-sphinogomyelin

39
Q

what is a fatty acid

A

long hydrophobic chain with negative charge- even numbers

40
Q

does the melting point of a fatty acid increase with chain length?

41
Q

T/F- the melting point decreases with more double bonds

42
Q

what are the two dietary essesntials?

A

linoleic acid( 18:2), alpha acid (18:w3)

43
Q

which dietary essential is a precursor of arachidonic acid (20
:4, w6)?

A

linoleic acid (18:2)

44
Q

what is alpha linolenic acid a precursor of?

A

EPA (Eicosapentaenoic) and DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid)

45
Q

what are the fatty acids w6 group?

A

linoleic acid w6 and aracodonic acid w6

46
Q

can aracodonic acid be a precursor of alpha linoleic acid?

A

no because the =y are in 2 different family groups w6-w3

47
Q

can essential fatty acids be formed from oleic acid?

A

no because it is in the w9 family group

48
Q

which fatty acid has 16 carbons?

49
Q

which carbon has 18 carbons and no double bnds?

50
Q

Does Palmitate have any double bonds?

51
Q

which fatty acid will have the highest melting point?

A

serate because it does not have any double bonds and it has the lowest amount of carbons/ longest linear chain

52
Q

which fatty acid has 18 carbons and 1 double bonds?

A

Oleic acid

53
Q

which fatty acid has 18 carbons and two double bonds and is apart of the w6 family?

A

linoleic acid

54
Q

what is 18:3, w3?

A

alpha linoleic acid

55
Q

what is 20:4, w6?

A

arachidonic acid

56
Q

what is 20:5, w3?

57
Q

what is DHA 22:6, w3?

58
Q

which fatty acid will have the lowest melting point?

biochemistry (28 decks)

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