lipids

Question 1

What lipoprotein, in the blood to the tissues, if elevated would cause problems in the body?

Answer 1

LDLS

Question 2

What does VLDL become when it is in the blood stream?

Answer 2

LDLS

Question 3

Which Lipoprotein, brings cholesteryl esters back to the liver?

Answer 3

HDLS

Question 4

what are the three lipoproteins that transport cholesterol?

Answer 4

HDLS, LDLS, VLDLS

Question 5

Which lipoprotein is mainly found in the liver?

Answer 5

LDLS

Question 6

What is the purpose of Cholesterol?

Answer 6

modulates fluidity of the plasma membrane

Question 7

how does cholesterol modulate fluidity?

Answer 7

combats the temperature changes so that the cell can keep its fluidity/intergity, so it increase at low temp and decreases at high temperature

Question 8

what are the 4 types of lipids

Answer 8

TAGS, Phospholipids, Steroids, Fatty acids

Question 9

what are TAGS?

Answer 9

nonpolar, main storage form of fatty acids

Question 10

What is phosphatdylcholine also known as?

Answer 10

Lecithin

Question 11

where is lecithin located?

Answer 11

outer leaflet

Question 12

what provides a monolayer in lipoproteins?

Answer 12

phosphatdylcholine/lecithin

Question 13

what is dipalmitoylphashatdytlcholine?

Answer 13

its a derivative of phosphatdylcholine

Question 14

what does dipalmitoylphashatdytlcholine do?

Answer 14

provides surfactant in the lung

Question 15

What can be phosphorylated to PIP2?

Answer 15

phosphatidylininositol

Question 16

where is phosphatidylinositol located?

Answer 16

Inner leaflet

Question 17

Where is PE and PC located on the cell?

Answer 17

plasma membrane

Question 18

where is phosphatdylethanolamine located?

Answer 18

in the inner leaflet

Question 19

Why is phosphatdytylserine important?

Answer 19

it is an indicator of apoptosis, if found on the surface of the cell(inner leaflet)

Question 20

where is Cardiolipin lacated?

Answer 20

inner mitochondrial membrane and bacteria

Question 21

what phospholipid is antigenic for treponema pallidum(syphillis)

Answer 21

Cardiolipin

Question 22

are phospholipids nonpolar and ionic?

Answer 22

no the are POLAR and ionic

Question 23

what synthesizes sphingolipid?

Answer 23

synthesized from pamitoyl CoA and serine w/cofactor PLP

Question 24

what phospholipid is a determinant of ABO groups?

Answer 24

sphingolipid

Question 25

what are the two netural molecules that sphingolipid make?

Answer 25

cerebrosides, globoside

Question 26

what charges do sulfatide and gangliosides have?

Answer 26

negatvie

Question 27

what does the sulfatide do?

Answer 27

stabilizes myelin

Question 28

whats are gangliosides found?

Answer 28

in the CNS

Question 29

what is the addtional side chain of the ganglioside?

Answer 29

NANA

Question 30

What is Acylglycerol?

Answer 30

a lipid

Question 31

what phospholipids contains arachidonic acid?

Answer 31

PI( PHOSPHOATIDYLINOSITOL)

Question 32

what phospholipids is released for eicosanoid synthesis directly by phospholipase or indirectly by phospholipase C?

Answer 32

P-Inositol

Question 33

What is the defect of coronary artery disease?

Answer 33

excess of LDLS

Question 34

What is the defect of fibrofatty atheroma?

Answer 34

excess of LDLS

Question 35

what is the defect of RDS?

Answer 35

Deficiency in surfactants- produced by Phospatidylcholine which synthesizes the lipid part of surfactants

Question 36

what isthe defect of barths disease?

Answer 36

deficiency of cardiolipin, a cardiomyopathy

Question 37

whats is the defect in MS?

Answer 37

Demylenation- shinogomyelin

Question 38

what is the defect of Neiman Pick?

Answer 38

lysosomal storage disease-sphinogomyelin

Question 39

what is a fatty acid

Answer 39

long hydrophobic chain with negative charge- even numbers

Question 40

does the melting point of a fatty acid increase with chain length?

Answer 40

yes

Question 41

T/F- the melting point decreases with more double bonds

Answer 41

true

Question 42

what are the two dietary essesntials?

Answer 42

linoleic acid( 18:2), alpha acid (18:w3)

Question 43

which dietary essential is a precursor of arachidonic acid (20 :4, w6)?

Answer 43

linoleic acid (18:2)

Question 44

what is alpha linolenic acid a precursor of?

Answer 44

EPA (Eicosapentaenoic) and DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid)

Question 45

what are the fatty acids w6 group?

Answer 45

linoleic acid w6 and aracodonic acid w6

Question 46

can aracodonic acid be a precursor of alpha linoleic acid?

Answer 46

no because the =y are in 2 different family groups w6-w3

Question 47

can essential fatty acids be formed from oleic acid?

Answer 47

no because it is in the w9 family group

Question 48

which fatty acid has 16 carbons?

Answer 48

Palmitate

Question 49

which carbon has 18 carbons and no double bnds?

Answer 49

Stearate

Question 50

Does Palmitate have any double bonds?

Answer 50

no

Question 51

which fatty acid will have the highest melting point?

Answer 51

serate because it does not have any double bonds and it has the lowest amount of carbons/ longest linear chain

Question 52

which fatty acid has 18 carbons and 1 double bonds?

Answer 52

Oleic acid

Question 53

which fatty acid has 18 carbons and two double bonds and is apart of the w6 family?

Answer 53

linoleic acid

Question 54

what is 18:3, w3?

Answer 54

alpha linoleic acid

Question 55

what is 20:4, w6?

Answer 55

arachidonic acid

Question 56

what is 20:5, w3?

Answer 56

EPA

Question 57

what is DHA 22:6, w3?

Answer 57

DHA

Question 58

which fatty acid will have the lowest melting point?

Answer 58

DHA