Lipids Flashcards

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0
Q

Why are fats so important?

A

Maintaining healthy skin and hair, insulating body organs against shock, maintaining body temperature, promoting healthy cell function and energy storage

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1
Q

What are lipids?

A

Lipid is the general term for fats (solids), oils (liquids) and their related compounds (waxes and sterols)

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2
Q

What are some of the properties of lipids?

A

Relatively small molecules, hydrophobic or amphiphilic

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3
Q

What does hydrophobic mean?

A

Water fearing = non-soluble in water

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4
Q

What does amphiphilic mean?

A

both loving = one end is soluble in water, one end is non-soluble in water

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5
Q

What does hydrophilic mean?

A

Water loving = soluble in water

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6
Q

What is a adipose cell?

A

It is a fat cell

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7
Q

Cells in adipose tissues contain…

A

…high levels of fat

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8
Q

Adipose cells are the body’s means of…

A

…storing metabolic energy over extended periods of time

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9
Q

Lipid molecules carry much more…

A

…energy per molecule than any other organic compound

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10
Q

What two molecules are fats made of?

A

Glycerol and fatty acids

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11
Q

What is one fatty acid connected by an ester bond to a glycerol called?

A

Monoglycerid

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12
Q

What is two fatty acid connected by an two ester bonds to a glycerol called?

A

Diglyceride

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13
Q

What is three fatty acid connected by an three ester bond to a glycerol called?

A

Triglyceride

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14
Q

What is the most common type of fat?

A

Triglyceride

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15
Q

What is a saturated fatty acid?

A

Fatty acid where no double-bonds exist between carbon atoms and every carbon is ‘saturated’ with maximum number of hydrogen atoms

16
Q

What is an unsaturated fatty acid?

A

An unsaturated fatty acid contains at least one double-bond between carbon atoms and has less hydrogens than the maximum amount determined by an saturated fatty acid.

17
Q

The difference between a unsaturated and saturated fatty acid?

A

Unsaturated fatty acid contains a kink in the molecule as a result of the double bond in the chain

18
Q

Are fats and oils the same thing?

A

Yes but fats are the solid form and oils are the liquid form

19
Q

Fats are comprised of…

A

…straight fatty acids which means that fat molecules can be more tightly packed together – forming a solid

20
Q

Oils are comprised of…

A

…Bent fatty acids means that fat molecules can’t be tightly packed together – forming a liquid

21
Q

Are fats or oils healthier?

A

Therefore, unsaturated fats are healthier as they are liquids at room temperature, and therefore won’t clog up your blood stream!

22
Q

What are waxes?

A

Waxes are another type of lipid

23
Q

What are the two molecules that comprise a wax?

A

Alcohol and fatty acid

24
Q

What are sterols?

A

Sterols are another type of lipid comprised of multiple carbon rings

25
Q

What are phospholipid molecules?

A

Another type of lipids that is composed of glycerol and two fatty acids. (normally a unsaturated and saturated fatty acid)

26
Q

Phospholipids are amphiphilic because…

A

…the glycerol head is hydrophilic and the fatty acid tails are hydrophobic

27
Q

Phospholipids form together to make the…

A

…plasma membrane