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Biology - Unit 3 > Biomacromolecules > Flashcards

Biomacromolecules Flashcards

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0
Q

What are the four basic types of macromolecules?

A

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids and Nucleic Acids

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1
Q

What are biomacromolecules?

A

Compounds made of non-metal atoms mainly C, H and O

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2
Q

What comprises of a organic molecule?

A 
carbon atoms
hydrogen atoms
most also contain oxygen atoms
some also contain nitrogen, phosphorus and/or sulphur atoms 
C.H.O.N.P.S.
The 6 elements of life
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3
Q

What are polymers?

A

Polymers are large compounds made from many smaller subunits (monomers)

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4
Q

What is polymerisation?

A

Polymerisation is the process of creating polymers from monomers

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5
Q

What is an anabolic reaction?

A

Type of chemical reaction that creates new large compounds, from smaller ones
Requires energy

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6
Q

What is a catabolic reaction?

A 
Type of chemical reaction that breaks down large compounds into smaller ones
Releases energy (when they separate)
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7
Q

What is the combination of catabolic and anabolic called?

A

Metabolism

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8
Q

What the monomers for carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharides

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9
Q

What are the polymers for carbohydrates called?

A

Polysaccharides

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10
Q

What is the monomers of proteins called?

A

Amino acids

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11
Q

What is the polymers of proteins called?

A

Polypeptides

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12
Q

What are the monomers of Nucleic acids called?

A

Nucleotides

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13
Q

What are the polymers of nucleotides called?

A

Nucleic Acids - (DNA, RNA)

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14
Q

What are the similarities of between organic molecules?

A

Carb. polymers are a single chain of identical monomers
Protein polymers are a single chain of monomers that contain identical regions, and unique regions
Nucleic acid polymers can form double chains, with monomers that contain identical regions, and unique regions

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15
Q

What are the monomers of lipids called?

A

Fatty Acids

16
Q

What are the polymers of lipids called?

A

Triglycerides

17
Q

Is water an organic molecule?

A

No, organic molecules MUST contain both carbon and hydrogen

18
Q

Why is there so much water in living cells?

A

For organisms to live, millions of chemical reactions are required. All these chemical reactions are known as metabolism. Metabolism occurs in a watery solution.

19
Q

Are water molecules polar or non-polar?

A

Polar. The oxygen side is partially negative and the hydrogen sides are partially positive.

Biology - Unit 3 (16 decks)

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