Lipids

Question 1

What is the structure of triglycerides

Answer 1

1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Question 2

What are the properties of the tails

Answer 2

Hydrophobic
The tails make lipids insoluble in water

Question 3

How are triglycerides formed

Answer 3

By condensation reactions so 3 Esther bonds are formed and 3 water molecules are removed

Question 4

What does saturated and unsaturated fatty acids mean

Answer 4

Saturated fatty acids don’t have double bonds between carbon atoms
Unsaturated have at least one double bonds between the carbon atoms

Question 5

What is the difference between phospholipids and triglycerides

Answer 5

One of the fatty acids molecules are replaced by a phosphate group

Question 6

What are the uses of triglycerides

Answer 6

-Large ratio of energy storing carbon hydrogen bonds compared to the number of carbon atoms
-High ratio of hydrogen to oxygen atoms and they act as a metabolic water source as triglycerides release water if they are oxidised
-don’t affect water potential because they are large and hydrophobic making them insoluble
Lipids have relatively low mass so you store lots without increasing the mass and preventing movement

Question 7

Emulation test for lipids

Answer 7

Dissolve the sample in ethanol and shake
Then as distilled water
If white emulsion appeared then there is a liquid