LIPIDS Flashcards
Total cholesterol
140-200 mg/dL
HDL-C
40-75 mg/dL
LDL-C
50-130 mg/dL
Triglycerides
60-150 mg/dL
Boys turning into adult has a drop of ___% of HDL
20%
elevation of cholesterol, triglycerides, or both with a low high- density lipoprotein
dyslipidemia
arteries grow thick and stiff resulting to occlusion where blood flow is unstable
arteriosclerosis
LDL causes tissues to have
unsaturated component
foam cell in the ateries
fatty streak
if the plaque develops in the arteries of the arms or legs
peripheral vascular disease
plaque in the heart
coronary artery disease
plaque in the brain
cerebrovascular disease
Sphingophospholipids in which the alcohol
esterified to the phosphate group is
choline
Sphingophospholipids in which the alcohol
esterified to the phosphate group is
choline
Are built on a ceramide backbone
structure, which is a fatty acid amide
derivative of sphingosine
Sphingoglycolipids (glycolipids)
Ceremide + monosaccharide
Cerebrosides
Sulfonated glucose
Sulfatides
Ceremide oligosaccharide
Globosides
Ceremide oligosaccharide +
Neuraminic acid (Sialic acids)
Gangliosides
occur in the white matter of
the brain or myelin sheath
of nerve fibers
Cerebrosides
Cerebrosides
Sulfatides
➢ Ceremide oligosaccharide
Globosides
Ceremide oligosaccharide +
Neuraminic acid (Sialic acids)
Gangliosides
▪ found in the membranes of
macrophages
▪ Consists of ceramide bonded
to the hexose Glucose
Glucocerebroside
▪ found almost exclusively in the
membranes of brain cells
▪ Consists of ceramide joined
to the monosaccharide
Galactose
Galactocerebroside
contain no fatty acids and unlike fats, are
nonsaponifiable (cannot be hydrolyzed
to yield soap
Steroids
- Amphipathic
- Readily soluble in the hydrophobic region of
membranes
Cholesterol
Are amphipathic derivatives of cholesterol
Bile salts/acids
A substance that can
disperse and stabilize water-insoluble
substances as colloidal particles in an
aqueous solution
Emulsifying agent
A cholesterol derived hormone
STEROID HORMONES
Derived from many different sources and have
a variety of chemical compositions, depending
on the source
Waxes
Are bonded to other types of molecules
COMPLEX LIPIDS
Primarily located on the surface of
lipoprotein particles
APOLIPOPROTEINS
Major protein on HDL
Apo A-I
principal protein on Ldl, VLDL, Chylomicrons
Apo B
found on LDL and VLDL
ligand for LDL receptor
Apo b-100
exclusively found in chylomicrons
Apo B-48
serves as a ligan for the LDL receptor and the chylomicron remnant receptor
Apo E
