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Biochemistry > lipids > Flashcards

lipids Flashcards

1
Q

Where is lipids soluble?

A

organic solvents like chloroform, ether and benzene

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2
Q

Functions of lipids

A
  • Storage form of energy
  • Act as thermal insulator
  • Protection of internal organs
  • Precursor of many steroid hormones, Vitamin D
  • Structural component of cell membrane
  • Helps in absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
  • Lipoproteins transporting lipids
  • Fats serve as surfactants by reducing surface tension
  • Improve taste and palatability
  • Acts as electric insulators in neurons
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3
Q
  • Naturally occurring monocarboxylic acid
  • Always contain an even number of Carbon atoms
  • Have a Carbon chain that is unbranched
A

FATTY ACIDS

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4
Q

Odd chain fatty acid Samples?

- Seen in milk and microbial cell walls

A

Propionic acid - 3 Carbon; Valeric Acid - 5 C

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5
Q

Even Chain Fatty Acid Samples?

- Most of the fatty acids that occur in natural lipids have even Carbon atoms

A 
Lauric acid - 12 C
Myristic acid - 14 C
Palmitic acid - 16 C
Stearic acid - 18 C
Arachidic acid - 20 C
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6
Q

What amino acids are required to be supplied by foods in the diet?

A

Essential amino acids

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7
Q
  • all Carbon to Carbon bonds are single bonds
  • Closely packed
  • Strong attractions between chains
  • High melting points
  • Solids at room temperature
A

SATURATED FATTY ACIDS

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8
Q
  • Contain one or more double C=C bonds
  • Nonlinear chains do not allow molecules to pack closely
  • Few interactions between chains
  • Low melting points
  • Liquids at room temperature
A

UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS

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9
Q

As Carbon Chain increases in __, the more __ it is with water

A

length, insoluble

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10
Q

As Carbon Chain __, ________ increases

A

increases, melting point

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11
Q

The greater the degree of __, the greater the __ in melting points

A

unsaturation, reduction

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12
Q

_________ – contains 4 to 6 Carbon
_________ – contains 8 to 10 Carbon
_________ – contains 12 to 26 Carbon

A

Short-Chain Fatty Acid
Medium-Chain Fatty Acid
Long-Chain Fatty Acid

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13
Q

Lipids with fatty acids

A

Waxes
Fats and oils (Triglycerides)
Phospholipids
Sphingolipids

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14
Q

Lipids without fatty acids

A

Steroids

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15
Q

Form: Solid at RT
Composition: More SFA than UFA
Melting Point: Higher
Source: Animals

A

Fats

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16
Q

Form: Liquid at RT
Composition: More UFA than SFA
Melting Point: Lower
Source: Plants, Fish

A

Oils

17
Q

Low risk of Heart Disease

High risk of Breast Cancer

A

PUFA

18
Q

Low risk of Heart Disease

Low risk of Breast Cancer

A

MUFA

19
Q

Source: Cold Water Fishes
Benefits: Low incidence of Heart Disease despite high-fat diet

A

Omega 3

20
Q

Source: Plant Oils
Benefits: High incidence of Heart Disease if high-fat diet

A

Omega 6

21
Q 
also called as polyunsaturated fatty 
acids (PUFA): 
 - Linoleic Acid (LA) 
 - Linolenic Acid (LNA)
 - Arachidonic Acid (AA)
A

Essential Fatty Acids

Biochemistry (6 decks)

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