Lípidos Flashcards

1
Q

Unidad básica

A

No tiene

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2
Q

Tipo de enlace

A

Éster

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3
Q

Función

A

Energética (mediano plazo) y estructural
- Son hidrofóbicos

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4
Q

Saturados

A
  • Enlaces simples
  • Solido
  • Origen animal
    Ej: mantequilla
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5
Q

Insaturados

A
  • Enlaces dobles
  • Líquidos
  • Origen vegetal
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6
Q

Lípidos con ácidos grasos

A

Glicéridos y fosfolípidos

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7
Q

Glicéridos

A
  • glicerol+1 ácido graso (mono)
  • glicerol+2 ácidos grasos (di)
  • glicerol+3 ácidos grasos (tri)
    (reserva energética, aislante térmico, amortiguador)
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8
Q

Fosfolípidos

A
  • Fosfato en el grupo fosfato (cabeza) hidrofílica-polar
  • Nitrógeno en grupo colina (cola) hidrofóbica-apolar
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9
Q

Lípidos sin ácidos grasos

A

Esteroides-Terpenos-Eicosanoides

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10
Q

Esteroides

A
  • Colesterol: rol estructural en la membrana y procursor de hormonas sexuales
  • Hormonas: (ona-eno) estrógeno, cortisol, andrógenos
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11
Q

Terpenos

A
  • Derivados del hidrocarburo, isopreno
    Ej: vitaminas A, K y E.
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12
Q

Eicosanoides

A
  • Ácidos grasos modificados (por oxidación), de 20 carbonos, con un anillo carbonado y dos largas cadenas carbonadas
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