Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolism

Question 1

What transports lipids?

Answer 1

chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL

Question 2

How can cholesterol be obtained by the body?

Answer 2

through dietary sources or through synthesis in the liver by the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase

Question 3

What is Palmitic Acid?

Answer 3

the only fatty acid that humans can synthesize, it is produced in the cytoplasm from acetyl-CoA and transported out of the mitochondria

Question 4

What is fatty acid oxidation and where does it occur?

Answer 4

occurs in the mitochondria following transport by the carnitine shuttle via beta oxidation

Question 5

Ketogenesis?

Answer 5

ketone bodies form during prolonged starvation state due to excess acetyl CoA in the liver

Question 6

Ketolysis?

Answer 6

regenerates acetyl CoA for use as an energy source in peripheral tissues

Question 7

Protein Catabolism?

Answer 7

protein digestion occurs primarily in the small intestine, carbon skeletons of amino acids are used for energy, either through gluconeogenesis or ketone body formation. amino groups are fed into the urea cycle for excretion