Bioenergetics and Regulation of Metabolism

Question 1

Postprandial/well fed state?

Answer 1

absorptive state, insulin secretion is high and anabolic metabolism prevails

Question 2

Postabsorptive/ fasting state?

Answer 2

insulin secretion decreases while glucagon and catecholamine secretion increases

Question 3

Prolonged fasting/ starvation?

Answer 3

dramatically increases glucagon and catecholamine secretion, most tissues rely on fatty acids

Question 4

Liver metabolism?

Answer 4

maintains blood glucose through glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, processes lipids, cholesterol, bile, urea, and toxins

Question 5

Adipose metabolism?

Answer 5

stores and releases lipids

Question 6

Resting muscle metabolism?

Answer 6

conserves carbs as glycogen and uses fatty acids for fuel

Question 7

Active muscle metabolism?

Answer 7

may use anaerobic metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, direct phosphorylation (creatine phosphate), or fatty acid oxidation

Question 8

Cardiac muscle metabolism?

Answer 8

uses fatty acid oxidation

Question 9

Brain metabolism?

Answer 9

uses glucose except in prolonged starvation, when it uses ketolysis