Liore Valley Flashcards
1
Q
France’s longest river and the last wild river in Europe.
A
Loire river.
On its meandering 629 mile-long path from its headwaters in the Massif Central to its mouth on the Atlantic Coast, the Loire River nurtures a number of distinct wine regions that defy easy categorization.
2
Q
Jardin de la France
A
The Loire Valley
*designated a World Heritage Site in 2000.
3
Q
List some reasons why Loire Valley lost their appeal in the past.
A
- King Louis XIV’s coronation at Reims, and his development of Versailles.
- The pastoral Loire Valley faded from view as the Industrial Age blossomed and swifter transit brought new wines to Paris.
- Crippled by phylloxera in the 1880s and supplanted by the wines of Bordeaux and others, the Loire Valley was almost forgotten as a viticultural region.
4
Q
What region produces more white wine than any other French region, and is second only to Champagne in sparkling wine production?
A
Loire Valley
5
Q
classic white varietals for Loire wines
A
Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, and Melon de Bourgogne are the classic white varietals for Loire wines
6
Q
What are some secondary white regional and international grapes found in Liore Valley?
A
Chardonnay, Orbois, Romorantin, Gros Plant (Folle Blanche), and Chasselas.
7
Q
Breton
A
Cabernet Franc in Loire Valley
8
Q
Besides Cabernet Franc, what are some other red varieties found in Liore Valley?
A
Pinot Noir, Gamay, Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec (Cot), Pineau d’Aunis, and Groslot (Grolleau).
9
Q
Where is Pays Nantais?
A
The vineyards of the Pays Nantais sweep from the south toward the northeast of the city of Nantes near the Atlantic coast in Loire Valley.
10
Q
What is the climate like in Pays Nantais and what varietal thrives in the area?
A
cool, wet maritime region planted primarily to the Melon de Bourgogne grape.
11
Q
How did the Melon de Bourgogne grape arrive in Pays Nantais?
A
The grape arrived in the area in the 17th century as distillation fodder for the Dutch, but gained prominence after a notable 1709 frost and ensuing moratorium on red grapes that transformed the Nantais into a white wine region.
12
Q
What are the four appellations that exist for Melon de Bourgogne (Muscadet) in Liore Valley?
A
Muscadet AOP,
Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP,
Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP,
Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine AOP.
13
Q
Regions of the Loire Valley and number of appellations within them
A
General Appellations of the Loire Valley (2) Pays Nantais (7) Anjou-Saumur (18) Touraine (13) Central Vineyards (9) Appellations of Central France (5)
14
Q
General Appellations of the Loire Valley
A
Crémant de Loire AOP
Rosé de Loire AOP
15
Q
AOPs of Pays Nantais and their styles of wines produced
A
Coteaux d’Ancenis AOP (Blanc, Rosé, Rouge),
Fiefs Vendéens AOP (Blanc, Rosé, Rouge),
Gros Plant du Pays Nantais AOP (Blanc),
Muscadet AOP (Blanc),
Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP (Blanc),
Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP (Blanc),
Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine AOP (Blanc)
16
Q
basic appellation for Melon de Bourgogne
A
Muscadet AOP
17
Q
What appellation in Loire Valley accounts for over 80% of Muscadet production
A
Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine
18
Q
What are the wines from the Muscadet AOP like and how much of it is produced?
A
Muscadet AOP is the basic appellation for Melon de Bourgogne, and the wines are neutral, bone dry to dry, high in acid, and designed for youthful consumption. The appellation is seldom used, as most producers qualify for one of the other three sub-appellations.
19
Q
Soils found in Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine AOP
A
classic Melon de Bourgogne sourced from a range of complex soils including gneiss, silica, clay, and granite.
20
Q
How much of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine AOP is bottled sur lie?
A
50%
21
Q
Requirements that producers must follow in order to label their Muscadet “sur lie”?
A
The wine must originate from land qualifying for one of the three sub-appellations.
Sur lie wines are aged on their lees over the winter, and are bottled directly off the fine lees (without filtering) between March 1 and November 30 of the year following the harvest.
22
Q
What does sur lie aging add to Melon de Bourgogne?
A
The process adds complexity, richness and a slight sparkle to the finished wines.
23
Q
________ more northerly appellation, and the wines are correspondingly leaner. In warmer vintages the area is an excellent source.
What appellation in Pays Nantais is this?
A
Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP
24
Q
________ newest appellation, created in 1994. The wines struggle to achieve quality beyond basic Muscadet.
What appellation in Pays Nantais is this?
A
Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP
25
What is “Hermine d’Or,” and who developed it?
Guy Bossard and others adopted “Hermine d’Or,” an unofficial label term that promotes terroir and stresses age-ability.
26
A Cru Communaux designation was proposed in 2001, requiring eligible wines from specified schist soils to spend a minimum 18 months sur lie—longer than the actual sur lie term allows.
In 2011, this proposal finally bore fruit with the introduction of three subzones. what are they and what appellation are they located in?
Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine: Clisson, Le Pallet, and Gorges.
27
Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine: Clisson, Le Pallet, and Gorges.
A Cru Communaux designation was proposed in 2001, requiring eligible wines from specified schist soils to spend a minimum 18 months sur lie—longer than the actual sur lie term allows. In 2011, this proposal finally bore fruit with the introduction of these three subzones.
28
Are Clisson, Le Pallet, and Gorges required to place "sur lie" on their labels?
No. Although the minimum length of aging for each subzone precludes the use of sur lie on the label, wines from these areas may be destined to become some of the finest expressions of the Melon grape available.
29
Why did Gros Plant du Pays Nantais, Coteaux d'Ancenis, and Fiefs Vendéens acquire AOP status?
Because of the elimination of the VDQS tier in 2011
30
What is to be said about Gros Plant du Pays Nantais?
Like Muscadet, Gros Plant may be produced as a sur lie wine, but it will require some serious effort on the part of the region's producers to improve perceptions, lees aging or not.
31
Between the Pays Nantais and Touraine lies the Loire’s largest, most diverse and most dynamic region, ________.
Anjou
32
_______ is an eastern sub-region of Anjou, adjacent to Chinon in Touraine.
Saumur
33
Loire’s center for sparkling wine production
Saumur
34
Pineau de la Loire
Anjou produces both sweet and dry interpretations of Chenin Blanc, known locally as Pineau de la Loire.
35
Anjou produces both sweet and dry interpretations of Chenin Blanc, known locally as _________.
Pineau de la Loire
36
45% of Anjou’s total production is devoted to ______.
rosé
37
Anjou's roses are typically made from what varietal?
Grolleau
38
Nearly one third of Anjou’s plantings are _________.
Cabernet Franc
39
Wines from Anjou can be designated as what?
designation for red, white, and sparkling wines, is the umbrella appellation for the region.
40
What are the guidelines for labeling terms on wines from Saumur?
Many Saumur wines may be bottled as Anjou AOP, but not vice versa.
41
How does Chenin Blanc ripen and how does it maintain its high acidity?
Chenin Blanc is slow to ripen, and in northerly climates like Anjou the grape will maintain its persistent, high acidity in the finished wine. Astringency from high levels of extract is also common.
42
What is the exposure and soil content like in Savennieres?
On the north bank of the Loire, Savennières enjoys a steep southern exposure and a unique soil structure composed of blue schist mixed with volcanic debris.
43
Two sub-appellations, long regarded as unofficial grands crus of Savennières, finally received their own AOCs in 2011: _________ and __________.
Roche aux Moines
Coulée de Serrant.
44
monopole of the rigidly biodynamic Nicolas Joly.
Coulée de Serrant
45
Sweet wine distracts of Anjou
Coteaux du Layon AOP and Coteaux de l’Aubance AOP.
46
Minimum residual sugar levels for Coteaux du Layon AOP and Coteaux de l’Aubance AOP.
With a minimum residual sugar content of 34 grams per liter, neither appellation commands the richness and unctuousness of Sauternes; however, the wines gain versatility at the table.
47
Bonnezeaux AOP and Quarts de Chaume AOP are located where?
Coteaux du Layon (Anjou)
48
These two appellations enjoy south-facing aspects in the communes of Thouarcé and Rochefort-sur-Loire, respectively, and often deliver botrytis-affected fruit.
Bonnezeaux AOP and Quarts de Chaume AOP
49
__________ AOP, entitled to the grand cru moniker from the 2010 harvest forward, consists of a small band of sandstone and schist hillsides on the banks of the Layon River.
Quarts de Chaume AOP
50
French term for botrytis cinerea
pourriture noble
51
How does Quarts de Chaume AOP achieve its botrytis?
Protected from the prevailing winds and touched by morning mists streaming from the Layon, the small appellation is a good incubator for pourriture noble, and, like Sauternes, its regulations require manual harvests to be conducted in successive tries.
52
What is the size of Quarts de Chaume AOP?
At 54 ha, Quarts de Chaume is just a few hectares larger than Burgundy's Clos de Vougeot AOP, and the appellation's total production each year is under 10,000 cases of wine.
53
Top producers of Quarts du Chaume
Domaine des Baumard and Château Pierre-Bise—both highly regarded producers of Savennières—are good addresses for the sweet wines of Quarts du Chaume
54
Size of Bonnezeaux AOP (Anjou)
Bonnezeaux, a larger appellation than Quarts de Chaume that is often actually harder to find in the marketplace.
55
Top producer of Bonnezeaux AOP
Château des Fesles is one of the most respected estates in Bonnezeaux
56
What are the seven villages that are entitled to add their names to the basic Coteaux du Layon AOP?
```
Beaulieu-sur-Layon,
Rochefort-sur-Loire,
Faye d’Anjou,
St-Lambert du Lattay,
St-Aubin de Luigné,
Rablay-sur-Layon,
Chaume.
```
57
Coteaux du Layon wines may include the geographical designation "______" on the label.
Val de Loire
58
How are the must weights and abv levels different for village wines of Coteaux du Layon than the regular wines from that exact appellation?
Wines labeled by village must reach higher minimum must weights and are harvested at lower maximum yields.
Coteaux du Layon: 221 g/l
Coteaux du Layon (with other village designation): 238 g/l
Coteaux du Layon: 14% (11% acquired, or 10% acquired if potential alcohol is 18% or higher)
Coteaux du Layon (with other village designation): 15% (12% acquired, or 11% if potential alcohol is 19% or higher)
59
Anjou-Villages AOP
a red wine-only appellation, provides some of the region’s finest.
Rouge: Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon
All Anjou wines may include the geographical designation "Val de Loire" on the label
60
Anjou Villages Brissac AOP
a more recent red wine appellation, covers the same ten communes that are authorized for Coteaux de l'Aubance.
61
Principle soils in Anjou Villages Brissac AOP
Principle Soils:
"Anjou Noir": dark schist
"Anjou Blanc": limestone
62
What is to be said about Gamay from Anjou?
Gamay gives Anjou's lightest reds (Anjou Gamay varietal wines), but the grape may not be blended in standard Anjou rouge bottlings.
63
What types of wine does Saumur AOP cover?
Saumur AOP covers red, dry white, and sparkling white and rosé wines.
64
Talk about whites from Saumur AOP
Saumur whites may currently contain a combined optional addition of up to 20% Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc—a recipe indentical to Anjou Blanc
65
Talk about reds from Saumur AOP
Saumur Rouge wines allow Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Pineau d’Aunis.
Rouge: Cabernet Franc, plus a max. 30% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d'Aunis
66
Rose wines from Saumer AOP
Rosé wines are not authorized.
67
What percent of grapes are destined for Saumer's sparkling wine production?
Over half of Saumur’s grapes are destined for Saumur AOP sparkling wines or méthode traditionnelle Crémant de Loire AOP.
68
Varietals allowed for Saumer AOP's vin mousseux blanc?
Vin Mousseux Blanc: Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Gamay, Pinot Noir, Pineau d'Aunis, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris
69
Assemblage for Vin Mousseux Blanc from Saumer AOP
Vin Mousseux Blanc: Min. 60% Chenin Blanc, max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc
70
Assemblage for Vin Mousseux Rosé from Saumer AOP
Vin Mousseux Rosé: Min. 60% Cabernet Franc, max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc
71
What are the soils like in Saumur?
soft tuffeau limestone soils, resemble those of Touraine.
72
How are the soils in Champigny different than those in Saumur?
Near the commune of Champigny—the “field of fire”—the limestone is harder, iron-rich and inflected with shale.
73
Communes of Saumur-Champigny
```
Chacé,
Montsoreau,
Parnay,
Saint-Cyr-en-Bourg,
Saumur,
Souzay-Champigny,
Turquant,
Varrains
```
74
Styles and Encépagement allowed for Saumur Champingny
Rouge: Cabernet Franc, plus a max. 15% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d'Aunis
All Saumur wines may include the geographical designation "Val de Loire" on the label
75
Saumur Champingny AOP
Minimum Potential Alcohol: ___%
Minimum Must Weight: ____ g/l
Maximum Residual Sugar: __ g/l
Minimum Planting Density:________ vines per hectare, depending on spacing
Maximum Yield (Rendement de Base): ____ hl/ha
Minimum Potential Alcohol: 10.5%
Minimum Must Weight: 180 g/l
Maximum Residual Sugar: 3 g/l
Minimum Planting Density: 3,300-4,000 vines per hectare, depending on spacing
Maximum Yield (Rendement de Base): 57 hl/ha
76
Maximum Yield (Rendement de Base) for Saumur AOP:
Blanc: ___ hl/ha
Rouge:__ hl/ha
Saumur "Puy Notre-Dame": ___ hl/ha
Vin Mousseux: ___ hl/ha
Maximum Yield (Rendement de Base) for Saumur AOP:
Blanc: 60 hl/ha
Rouge: 57 hl/ha
Saumur "Puy Notre-Dame": 50 hl/ha
Vin Mousseux: 67 hl/ha
77
Loire’s best and most ageworthy red wine has historically been produced in the two regions of ______ and _______ in Touraine.
Chinon and Bourgueil
78
Three types of soils found in Chinon
tuffeau, clay, and varennes
79
Typical soil found in Chinon near the river Vienne?
The sandy, alluvial varennes soils are closest to the river Vienne
80
What type of soil is found on the slopes in Chinon
tuffeau is more common on the slopes
81
Vin de tuffe in Chinon
The vins de tuffe originating from these limestone south-facing slopes carry the most promise for depth and ageworthiness.
82
What are the soils like in Bourgueil?
Like Chinon, Bourgueil soils are divided between sand and limestone,
83
What are the soils like in St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil?
St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil is situated almost wholly on lighter alluvial soils, with a corresponding lighter style of wine.
84
How much Cabernet Sauvignon is allowed to be added in Chinon AOP, Bourgueil AOP, and St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil AOP?
All three appellations permit the addition of up to 10% Cabernet Sauvignon.
85
What type of wines are allowed to be produced in Bourgueil and St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil?
Bourgueil and St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil offer only red and rosé wines
86
Types of wines allowed to be produced for Chinon AOP
Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
Rosé: Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon
Rouge: Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon
87
varennes
alluvial sand
88
tuffeau
soft limestone
89
Touraine’s largest and most important white wine district
Vouvray AOP
90
Why are there so many underground cellars in Vouvray?
The tuffeau limestone subsoil of Vouvray provided soft material for excavation, resulting in an impressive network of cellar tunnels running underneath the eight delimited communes of Vouvray.
91
Other name for the Orbois varietal
Menu Pineau
92
Styles and Encépagement for Vouvray
Blanc: min _____% Chenin Blanc, plus a max. ____% Orbois
Vin Mousseux/Pétillant
Vouvray wines may use the geographical designation "Val de Loire" on the label
Styles and Encépagement for Vouvray
Blanc: min 95% Chenin Blanc, plus a max. 5% Orbois
Vin Mousseux/Pétillant
Vouvray wines may use the geographical designation "Val de Loire" on the label
93
Guild lines for residual sugar in Vouvray "sec"
Residual Sugar:
Blanc "Sec": max. 8 g/l (Total acidity must be within 2 g/l of the total residual sugar.)
94
Vouvray may be produced in a range of sweetness levels, what are they?
sec, sec-tendre (off-dry), demi-sec, moelleux, and liquereux.
95
What makes the final decision of sweetness level in Vouvray?
The final decision on residual sugar is usually a response to the vagaries of each vintage, rather than a consistent stylistic choice.
96
What method is used to make sparkling Vouvray?
The sparkling wines of Vouvray are made by méthode traditionnelle and may be either pétillant or mousseux.
97
The wines of ____________ AOP, formerly part of Vouvray, are very similar in style and may be made across the same spectrum of styles.
Montlouis-sur-Loire
98
Is Orbois permited in Montlouis-sur-Loire?
Orbois is not permitted in Montlouis-sur-Loire.
99
What can be said about the wines from Touraine AOP
As a whole, the Touraine AOP can produce charming—but just as often generic—wines from the local grapes.
100
What is the varietal encepagement for Touraine AOP blanc?
Blanc: Sauvignon Blanc and max. 20% Sauvignon Gris
Until the 2016 harvest, white wines from Touraine AOP may be produced from Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Orbois, max. 20% Chardonnay and a max. 20% Sauvignon Gris
101
Red and rosé varieties in Touraine AOP include what varieties?
Gamay, Groslot, Pineau d’Aunis and Cabernet Franc.
Rosé: Min. 2 varieties present, and no variety may exceed 70% of the vineyard. Cabernet Franc, Cot, Gamay, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Cabernet Sauvignon, Meunier, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Pineau d'Aunis
102
Mesland, Azay-le-Rideau, Amboise, Oisly, and Chenonceaux.
In recognition of their superior wines, these are the five villages that are allowed to add their name to the basic appellation of Touraine AOP
103
Are sparkling wines from Touraine made?
Yes, Touraine pétillant and mousseux wines are made,
104
100% Gamay rouge from Touraine AOP is known as what and why?
The Gamay bottlings are often sold locally as primeur, in the style of Beaujolais nouveau.
105
Touraine Noble-Joué
Touraine AOP that only produces vin gris (rose)
106
What is the history on Touraine Noble-Joue and what varietals are used to make it?
Created in 2001, Touraine Noble-Joué AOP recreates a historical style of vin gris, a blend of Gris Meunier (Pinot Meunier), Malvosie (Pinot Gris), and Pinot Noir.
107
Several outlying appellations exist in Touraine. North of the Loire Valley is the awkwardly named Loir tributary and the ________ AOP.
Coteaux du Loir AOP.
108
Varieties used for Coteaux du Loir AOP rouge
Rouge:
```
Principal Variety: Min. 65% Pineau d'Aunis
Accessory Varieties (Max. 30% each): Cabernet Franc, Cot, and Gamay
```
109
Varieties used for Coteaux du Loir AOP blanc
Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
110
Varieties used for Coteaux du Loir AOP rose
Rosé:
```
Principal Variety: Min. 65% Pineau d'Aunis
Accessory Varieties (Max. 30% each): Cot, Gamay, and Grolleau
```
111
What role does Pineau d'Aunis have on rose and rouge wines from Coteaux du Loir AOP?
Rouge and Rosé wines may be produced solely from Pineau d'Aunis. For blends, Pineau d'Aunis must be in the majority.
112
Pineau d'Aunis
Light, fruity middle Loire variety declining in favour of Cabernet Franc.
113
Chenin Blanc alone is bottled as ________ AOP, a sub-appellation and source of the Coteaux du Loir’s best wines.
Jasnières AOP
114
What do the wines of Jasnieres taste like?
Chenin Blanc from Jasnières is similar in style to Vouvray, yet often more green and herbaceous in character.
115
Northeast of the Coteaux du Loir is __________ AOP, a newer appellation specializing in dry rosés of Pineau d’Aunis.
Coteaux du Vendômois AOP
116
What two AOPs are on the eastern edge of Touraine?
Cheverny AOP and Cour-Cheverny AOP are on the eastern edge of Touraine
117
Cheverny’s light reds are _____- and _______-based, while the lean whites are dominated by ________.
Cheverny’s light reds are Pinot Noir- and Gamay-based, while the lean whites are dominated by Sauvignon Blanc.
118
The local ________ grape is bottled varietally as Cour-Cheverny.
Romorantin
119
To the south of Cheverny AOP and Cour-Cheverny AOP is _______ AOP, a French appellation for both wines and goats' milk cheeses.
Valençay
120
Reflecting the proximity of Reuilly and Quincy to the east, Valençay's whites are predominantly composed of _______.
Sauvignon Blanc
121
Red and rose wines from Valencay AOP are made of what varietals?
Red and rosé wines from the appellation are based on Gamay, Pinot Noir, and Cot.
122
Encepagement for Valencay AOP blanc
Valency Blanc:
Principal Variety: Min. 70% Sauvignon Blanc
Accessory Varieties: Orbois, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Gris
*Blanc: Sauvignon Blanc must be the sole variety in the blend, or it must account for the majority of the blend.
123
Encepagement for Valencay AOP rose
Rosé:
Principal Varieties: 30-60% Gamay, min. 10% Pinot Noir, min. 10% Cot (Malbec)
*Rosé/Rouge: All three principal varieties must be present in the blend.
Accessory Varieties: Max. 20% Cabernet Franc, max. 30% Pineau d'Aunis
124
Encepagement for Valency AOP rouge
Rouge:
Principal Varieties: 30-60% Gamay, min. 10% Pinot Noir, min. 10% Cot
Accessory Variety: Max. 20% Cabernet Franc
125
What is the formation like for Loire's Central Vineyards?
The Loire’s Central Vineyards are a noncontiguous stretch of vineyards in the center of France, where the Loire curves from its northward path to bend toward the Atlantic.
126
What is the climate like in Loire's Central Vineyard?
The climate is chiefly continental; cold winters and brisk days during harvest and budbreak bring the danger of frost and short summers do not assure easy ripening.
127
What region offers Loire Valley's best expression of Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir?
Nonetheless, the Loire’s best Sauvignon Blanc vineyards are found in the Central Vineyards and Pinot Noir, while light in style, can be exceptional in warmer vintages.
128
What two appellations Loire's Central vineyards straddle the river and provide the classic Loire style: steely, pungently herbaceous, mineral-laden Sauvignon Blanc made for youthful drinking?
Sancerre AOP and Pouilly-Fumé AOP
129
silex, terres blanches, and caillottes.
Sancerre's three main soils
130
Terres blanches
a continuation of the same Kimmeridgian clay that extends into Chablis
131
caillottes
caillottes is a stony soil, littered with fossils
132
Silex
Silex has a higher proportion of flint, continuing into the communes of Pouilly-Fumé across the river, where a certain “gunflint” character is implied in the wines.
133
_______ has a higher proportion of flint, continuing into the communes of Pouilly-Fumé across the river, where a certain “gunflint” character is implied in the wines.
Silex
134
The late Didier Dagueneau famously appropriated the ______ moniker for his top Pouilly-Fumé bottling.
Silex
135
Styles of wines made in Pouilly-Fumé AOP
Only still white wines are allowed to be made
136
The__________ AOP, named after the central commune of Pouilly-Fumé, is reserved for whites produced from the Chasselas grape.
Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP
137
What varietal is reserved for Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP?
Chasselas
138
Where is Menetou-Salon AOP located?
Central vineyards of Loire Valley
139
What varietals are used for Menetou-Salon AOP?
Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir
The wines are similar to those of Sancerre.
140
Where are Reuilly AOP, Quincy AOP, and Coteaux du Giennois AOP located?
Central vineyards of Loire Valley
141
Reds and rosed from Coteaux du Giennois are made from what varietals?
Pinot Noir and Gamay
142
Reuilly’s reds are pure ______; whereas the best rosés are the pale vin gris wines produced from ________.
Reuilly’s reds are pure Pinot Noir; whereas the best rosés are the pale vin gris wines produced from Pinot Gris.
143
What kind of wine is produced in Quincy AOP?
Sauvignon Blanc, plus a max. 10% Sauvignon Gris
Quincy is a white wine-only AOP,
144
What are some notes about Quincy AOP
a white wine-only AOP, is notable for being the second demarcated appellation in France—following only Châteauneuf-du-Pape.
145
________ AOP, promoted from VDQS in 2006, lies just east of Touraine and allows wines of all three colors, utilizing a large proportion of Pinot Meunier and Chardonnay, respectively, for its reds and whites.
Orléans AOP
146
What is the sister appellation to Orleans AOP that is reserved for red wines only from Cabernet Franc?
Orléans-Cléry AOP
147
What 2 AOPs in Central vineyards of Loire Valley produce red and rose wines from Gamay that are similar to Beaujolais?
Note: The regions themselves are much closer to Lyon and Beaujolais than the Central Vineyards.
Côtes du Forez AOP and Côte Roannaise AOP
148
In the southwestern corner of the Cher département, the Châteaumeillant AOP also produces reds and rosés, principally from Gamay.
Châteaumeillant AOP
149
southernmost and most remote Loire region
Côtes d’Auvergne AOP
150
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Styles and Encépagement for Coteaux d'Ancenis AOP
Blanc:
Rosé:
Rouge:
Varietal-Labeled "Malvoisie":
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Blanc: 100% Pinot Gris
Rosé: 100% Gamay
Rouge: 100% Gamay
Varietal-Labeled "Malvoisie": 100% Pinot Gris
151
Varietal-Labeled "Malvoisie" from Coteaux d'Ancenis AOP
100% Pinot Gris:
152
Principal variety and accessory varieties for blancs from Fiefs Vendéens AOP
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Blanc:
Principal Variety (Min. 60%): Chenin Blanc
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Complementary Varieties (Min. 10% combined): Chardonnay (Grolleau Gris is also considered complementary in Brem, and Sauvignon Blanc is also considered complementary in Vix.)
153
Principal variety and accessory varieties for roses from Fiefs Vendéens AOP
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Principal Varieties (Min. 80%): Gamay and Pinot Noir (In Brem and Chantonnay, the encépagement requires a min. 50% Pinot Noir and a min. 30% Gamay. In Mareuil, Pissotte, and Vix, the encépagement requires a min. 50% Gamay and a min. 30% Pinot Noir.)
Accessory Varieties: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Négrette (Grolleau Gris is considered complementary in Brem)
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154
Principle varieties and accessory varieties for Fiefs Vendeens AOP
Principal Varieties: Cabernet Franc, Négrette, Pinot Noir (In Brem and Pissotte, the encépagement requires a min. 50% Pinot Noir and a min. 20% Cabernet Franc. In Chantonnay, Mareuil, and Vix, the encépagement requires a min. 50% Cabernet Franc, and a min. 20% Pinot Noir. Négrette is always at a min. 10%.)
Accessory Varieties: Cabernet Sauvignon, Gamay
