Links to Area of Psychology Flashcards
Loftus & Palmer - Cognitive Area
Link: This showed that data input after an incident is witnessed can interfere with the processing and output, what the witness reports.
Grant - Cognitive Area
Link: This showed that environmental data (such as noise) is input when we try to learn information, it is then stored with the memory (processing) and environmental cues can help improve recall (the output). Therefore people should keep the environment they learn and recall information as similar as possible.
Moray - Cognitive Area
Linking to the cognitive area as it shows how the mind has to pay attention to be able to process information and recongise it.
Chaney - Developmental Area
This study suggests that positive reinforcement can be used to increase the use of asthmatic medication by children. If children are rewarded for taking the inhaler, for example by some form of entertainment such as a game or whistle, they are more likely to increase the behaviour.
Bocchiaro - Social Area
Therefore Bocchiaro’s study has shown how the participants were strongly influenced by the presence of an authority figure.
Casey - Biological Area
Low delayers had greater levels of activity in the Ventral Striatum. High delayers (those who resist temptation) had greater levels of activity in the Inferior Frontal Gyrus. This demonstrates that different areas of the brain are responsible for different behaviours.
Freud - Individual Differences Area
Freud’s study is relevant to this area as it shows how his fear was unique to him and his experiences at the time, which led to the development of his phobia needing therapy.
Baron-Cohen - Individual Differences Area
Therefore this shows that individuals who have autism have differences in their behaviour as they lack a theory of mind-they struggle to read emotions in other people
Lee - Developmental Area
Lee et al.’s study is considered developmental because children at different ages were studied which shows how attitudes towards truth telling and lying telling develop, the Chinese children ratedlying in prosocial situations significantly more positivelythan the Canadian children and this was stronger the older the children were.
Levine
Therefore showing how cultural values are reflected in a cities social environment and impact on behaviour
Piliavin
Therefore this links back to the social area as it shows that people will be influenced by individuals and groups as they are likely to help one another when in need (no evidence of diffusion of responsibility) but people are more likely to help when an individual is ill rather than drunk.
