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AMPP CIP Level 2 > Lining and Special Coatings > Flashcards

Lining and Special Coatings Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a ‘lining’?

A

The term lining is used to describe a coating that is normally in immersion service. They are designed to protect the surface they are applied to and the product inside.

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2
Q

Standard terms for reinforced plastics are:

A
  • Fiber Reinforced Lining (FRL)
  • Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP)
  • Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP)
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3
Q

Common resins used in linings are:

A
  • Polyester
  • Epoxy
  • Vinlester
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4
Q

What are reinforced coatings?

A

Reinforced coatings are stronger, more resistant to movement, abrasion, and impact than non-reinforced coatings

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5
Q

What is NACE No. 10, SSPC PA 6?

A

Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Linings Applied to the Bottoms of Carbon Steel Storage Tanks

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6
Q

What is NACE No. 11, SSPC PA 8?

A

Thin Film Organic Linings Applied in New Carbon Steel Process Vessels

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7
Q

What is SP0288?

A

Inspection of Linings on Steel and Concrete

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8
Q

What is SP0304?

A

Design, Installation, and Operation of Thermoplastic Liners for Oilfield Pipelines

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9
Q

What is SP0178?

A

Design, Fabrication, and Surface Finish Practices for Tanks and Vessels to be Lined for Immersion Service

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10
Q

What is SP0295?

A

Application of a Coating System to Interior Surfaces of New and Used Rail Tank Cars

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11
Q

What is SP0386-2007?

A

Application of a Coating System to Interior Surfaces of Covered Steel Hopper Railcars in Plastic Food and Chemical Service

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12
Q

What is SP0592-2006?

A

Application of a Coating System to Interior Surfaces of New and Used Rail Cars in Concentrated (90 to98%) Sulfuric Acid Service

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13
Q

Surface Preparation, Application, and Inspection of Linings

What standard to use for design, preparation of welds, edges, and corners

A

SP0178

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14
Q

Surface Preparation, Application, and Inspection of Linings

New surfaces may require what cleaning standard?

A

ISO Sa 3 or NACE No. 1/SSPS-SP5, White Metal Blast Cleaning

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15
Q

Surface Preparation, Application, and Inspection of Linings

Maintenance work may require what cleaning standard?

A

ISO Sa 2 1/2 or NACE No. 2/SSPS-SP10, Near White Metal Blast Cleaning

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16
Q

Specialized coatings serve specific limited markets and include but are not limited to:

A
  • Antifouling paint
  • Fireproof coatings
  • Fluoropolymer coatings
  • Thermosetting polymers
  • Underwater coatings
  • Powder coatings
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17
Q

Antifouling paints are used to minimize roughness on the hull of a ship by reducing the attachment of marine life.
True or false?

A

True.

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18
Q

The use of toxins in most Antifouling paints are regulated by these organizations:

A
  • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
  • International Maritime Organization (IMO)
  • Other country or local regulatory agencies
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19
Q

What are the main types of antifouling coatings?

A
  • Ablative
  • Self-smoothing
  • Foul release
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20
Q

What is ablative AF coating?

A

Binder slowly dissolves in seawater, constantly presenting a fresh layer of copper on the surface

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21
Q

What is self-smoothing AF coating?

A

Similar to ablative; rate is controlled, surface becomes smoother

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22
Q

What is foul release AF coating?

A

Do not have a biocide, “non-stick” surface

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23
Q

What are some inspection concerns with antifouling coatings?

A
  • Film thickness of each coat is very important
  • Oversray on top coat (salt and pepper finish). Surface roughness
  • Over coating times. AF does not adhere well to cured epoxy
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24
Q

What is the most commonly used test for industrial and marine fireproofing material?

A

U.L. 1709 Rapid Rise Fire Tests of Protection Material for Structural Steel

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25
Q

What are the types of fireproofing coatings?

A
  • Cementitious
  • Intumescent
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26
Q

What is cementitious fireproof coating?

A

Made of lightweight cement and can be applied several inches thick

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27
Q

What is intumescent fireproof coating?

A

A substance that swells or bubbles up as a result of heat exposure, thus increasing in volume, and decreasing in density

28
Q

What applications are thermosetting polymers principally used in?

A
  • Mining
  • Offshore
  • Ocean marine
29
Q

How are thermosetting polymers applied?

A

Material is melted and hot spray applied

30
Q

What is the purpose of thermosetting polymers?

A

Purpose is to encapsulate the item

31
Q

What are the two board curing categories of powder coatings?

A
  • Thermoplastic
  • Thermosetting
32
Q

What is thermoplastic curing in powder coating?

A

Materials that soften when heated and return to their original hardness when cooled

33
Q

What is thermosetting curing in powder coating?

A

Materials that harden when heated and retain their hardness when cooled

34
Q

What are the stages when heat is applied powder coatings?

A
  • Flow
  • Wetting
  • Gel
  • Curing
35
Q

Powder coatings applied to a heat source pass through four distinct stages:
- Flow
- Wetting
- Gel
- Curing
How long does it generally take to complete this process?

A

The complete process generally takes less than three minutes

36
Q

What are some types of thermoplastic materials?

A
  • Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
  • Polypropylene (PP)
  • Kynar (PVDF)
  • Halar (ECTFE)
  • Polyethylene (PE)
  • Teflon (FEP & PTFE)
37
Q

What are some types of thermosetting resins?

A
  • Epoxy
  • Urethane
  • Polyester
  • Acrylic
38
Q

What are the application methods for powder coatings?

A
  • Electrostatic spray
  • Fluidized Bed, dip method
  • Flame spray
  • Roto-Lining
39
Q

What is the most common and efficient method for spray applying powder coatings

A

Electrostatic spray

40
Q

Describe the fluidized bed application method.

A

A finely divided stream of air is passed through a power, a solid in gas dispersion is form, which behaves like a liquid

41
Q

Describe the flame spray application method.

A

Thermoplastic powder particles are blown under low air pressure through a high-temperature, open-flame torch

42
Q

Describe the roto-lining application method

A
  • Pre-weighed amount of powder into a hollow mold.
  • Mold and powder are heated in oven
  • Powder melts on contact with metal
  • When cooled, the powder has formed a protective coating
43
Q

What are some special application equipment for powder coatings?

A
  • Plural-component spray systems
  • Electrostatic spray
  • Centrifugal spray for pipe internals
  • Flow and flood coating
44
Q

What is a plural-component spray system?

A

Plural-component is the automatic metering and mixing of plural-component materials

45
Q

How quickly can plural-component spraying can be done?

A

Can be done with coatings having a pot life of 3 seconds to a few minutes

46
Q

What are the two basic plural-component spray equipment types?

A
  • Fixed ratio machines
  • Adjustable ratio machines
47
Q

How are the components of the coating blended in a plural-component spray setup?

A

Components of the coating are blended in a manifold and mixed in an inline static mixer or mixed at the spray gun tip

48
Q

What are hot spray systems used for?

A

Used for material that requires higher temperatures to make them sprayable

49
Q

What are the advantages of hot spray systems?

A
  • Accurate mixing of materials without human element
  • Ability to spray very thick solvent free materials without thinner
  • Ability to spray materials with very short pot life
50
Q

What are the disadvantages of hot spray systems?

A
  • Cost is higher
  • More education for mechanic
  • High voltage electricity is needed
  • Applicators job more difficult
51
Q

What are the three main technologies for charging the coating in electrostatic spray?

A
  • Direct direct to coating
  • Tribo charges gun
  • Post-atomization atomization spins on wheel
52
Q

What are the advantages of electrostatic spray?

A
  • Fairly complete coverage of off shapes
  • Uses liquid or powder coatings
  • Efficient transfer of liquid coatings
  • Very uniform film build
  • Better film build (coverage) of edges
53
Q

What are the disadvantages of electrostatic spray?

A
  • Coating formulation is critical
  • Not all coatings are suitable
  • Can only be used on metal or suitable conductive substrate
  • Usually only a single coat application
  • High voltage safety issues (shock)
  • Equipment costs
54
Q

Describe centrifugal spray application for pipe internals.

A
  • Uses a rapidly spinning disc, brush, or other device to atomize the coating
  • May be used with or without electrostatic charge
  • Widely used to line pipe in specialized shop operations
55
Q

Describe flow and flood application.

A
  • Consists of pumping material on top of an item and allowing it to cover the item
  • Coating has to be designed for this type of application
  • Excellent method to coat items that have fins
56
Q

Describe electrostatic spray application.

A
  • Can be used for many liquid-applied coatings
  • Normally only seen in shop application
  • Transfer efficiency between 75% to over 90% depending on process
57
Q

Thermosetting materials are materials which _______?
A. Harden when heated and retain their hardness when cooled
B. Harden when heated and soften when cooled
C. Soften when heated and return to their original hardness when cooled
D. Soften when heated and remain soft when cooled

A

A. Harden when heated and retain their hardness when cooled

58
Q

The feed mechanisms for a plural component spray unit are where the ___________.
A. Components are blended in a manifold and mixed in a static mixer
B. Components are mixed in a chopper gun
C. Components are mixed at the spray gun tip
D. Components are mixed in a pressure pot

A

A. Components are blended in a manifold and mixed in a static mixer
C. Components are mixed at the spray gun tip

59
Q

Which of the following are common methods for the electrostatic application of liquid or powder coatings?
A. Post atomization charging
B. Direct charging
C. Tribo charging
D. Electro-osmosis charging

A

A. Post atomization charging
B. Direct charging
C. Tribo charging

60
Q

You are the inspector on a project where the application is required on a parge surface consisting of 200 radiators, connect and stacked 1” apart. The configuration will not allow a dip process, so the most logical application would be _________.
A. Conventional spray
B. Flood & flow coating
C. HVLP spray
D. Plural component spray

A

B. Flood & flow coating

61
Q

The basic function of passive fireproofing is ___________.
A. Providing temporary protection to living or work space
B. Stopping the fire from spreading to other locations
C. Expanding in volume to put out the fire
D. Corrosion prevention

A

A. Providing temporary protection to living or work space

62
Q

Bio-fouling of the submerged portion of ships is minimized through the application of _________.
A. Aliphatic polyurethane
B. Ablative coatings
C. Self-smoothing coatings
D. Conventional epoxy

A

B. Ablative coatings
C. Self-smoothing coatings

63
Q

Which of the following components are contained in powder coatings?
A. Pigments
B. Solvents
C. Resin/binder
D. Flow control additives

A

A. Pigments
C. Resin/binder
D. Flow control additives

64
Q

You are the inspector on a project that requires coating the internal of 4 inch diameter piping. The owner asks for an example of an application process for coating the internals. What would be the best choice?
A. Dipping the pipe
B. Centrifugal spray
C. Flood and flow coating
D. HVLP

A

B. Centrifugal spray

65
Q

The benefits of electrostatic spray application over conventional spray are ________.
A. Produces somewhat thicker coatings on edges
B. Works on all substrates
C. Transfer efficiency improved
D. Little risk of shock hazard

A

C. Transfer efficiency improved

66
Q

Coating material that soften when heated and return to their original hardness when cooled are known as _____.
A. Thermosetting materials
B. Transformational materials
C. Transitional materials
D. Thermoplastic materials

A

D. Thermoplastic materials

67
Q
A

AMPP CIP Level 2 (18 decks)

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