Linguistic Concepts

Question 1

Compounding

Answer 1

Makes a word out of 2+ morphemes

Ex. Foot + ball = football

Question 2

Phonology

Answer 2

Systematic organization of sounds in languages

Question 3

Register

Answer 3

Level of formality spoken

Question 4

Avoidance

Answer 4

ELL avoids difficult words/structures and uses simpler words/structures

Question 5

Orthography

Answer 5

Spelling patterns in language

Question 6

Back-formation

Answer 6

Creation of new word by removing the affix.

Ex. Editor > edit

Question 7

Language acquisition

Answer 7

Process of learning a new language

Question 8

Syllable awareness/segmentation/syllabication

Answer 8

Ability to hear parts of words

Question 9

Phonics/graphonemic principle

Answer 9

Relationship between symbols (letters,words) and sounds of a language to read and write

Question 10

Pragmatic competence

Answer 10

Knowledge of how to use a language effectively to achieve a specific purpose in different contexts

Question 11

Language function

Answer 11

Different uses of a language

Question 12

Oral language

Answer 12

System that relates sounds to meanings through verbal communication.

Question 13

Word blends

Answer 13

Joining parts of two or more words to make a new word

Smoke + fog = fog

Question 14

Discourse competence

Answer 14

Knowledge of how to put together words/phrases to construct long conversations, written texts, or speeches

Question 15

Free morpheme

Answer 15

Can stand alone or appear with others in a lexeme

Joy in joyous is a free morpheme

Question 16

Communicative competence

Answer 16

Ability to communicate in a socially acceptable way with proper
Grammar

Question 17

Syntax

Answer 17

Rules for construction of words to make phrases, clauses and sentences

Question 18

Suffix

Answer 18

Letter(s) at the end of a word to change meaning

Happy > happily

Question 19

Reading comprehension

Answer 19

Ability to read and understand the meaning

Question 20

Derivation

Answer 20

Creation of new word from another by adding an affix

Question 21

IPA

Answer 21

International Phonetic Alphabet - comprehensive representation of all the sounds in all languages

Question 22

Acronym

Answer 22

Made by pronouncing initials

ASAP = as soon as possible

Question 23

Semantics

Answer 23

Study of word or symbol meaning

Question 24

Reading fluency

Answer 24

Ability to read with speed, accuracy and prosody

Question 25

Phonemic/sound awareness

Answer 25

Ability to hear/identify, recreates individual sounds in spoken language

Question 26

Prefix

Answer 26

Letters added to beginning of root word

Question 27

Sociolinguistic competence

Answer 27

Knowledge of how to use language and respond appropriately based on setting, topic and situation

Question 28

Affix

Answer 28

Letters that change meaning of root word

Question 29

Phonetics

Answer 29

Sound of human speech

Question 30

Circumlocution

Answer 30

Use of many words to describe something instead of using fewer words

Question 31

Root

Answer 31

Base words, can attach prefix or suffix or syllables

Question 32

Vocabulary

Answer 32

Known words + meanings.

Question 33

Morphology

Answer 33

Study of forms of words - affixes, roots, stems, parts of speech

Question 34

Bound morpheme

Answer 34

Can only appear as part of a larger word. -ous in Joyous

Question 35

Pragmatics

Answer 35

Study of language in use. Does not include structure or appropriate use

Question 36

Calque

Answer 36

Word for word translation from another language

Question 37

Phoneme

Answer 37

Smallest sounds in a word B-I-T

Question 38

Strategic competence

Answer 38

How to fix communication breakdowns or how to express ideas when the right words are unknown

Question 39

Linguistic competence

Answer 39

Knowledge of how to use grammar, syntax and vocabulary

Question 40

Morpheme

Answer 40

Combination of sounds that has meaning in language. Cannot be divided smaller

Question 41

Neologism

Answer 41

New word or phrase not accepted into a language Ex, coronacaction