Lines 302-364 Flashcards

1
Q

Poeni

A

The Carthaginians.
Comes from Phoinos- greek word for red dye from that region.
Becomes Poenus/Punics (Punic Wars)

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2
Q

‘pius’

Pious

A

Epithet for Aeneas

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3
Q

Epithet

A

A nickname (basically)

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4
Q

Achates

A

Aeneas’ right hand man.

No major role, just always around- Homerism? Similarity to Hector and Aeneas in the Odyssey

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5
Q

‘cui’

his

A

Refers to Aeneas
Sentence starts with a relative pronoun- picks up subject from previous sentence.
Used to fit the meter.

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6
Q

‘gerens’

wearing

A

Odd translation in English. Better to use ‘with’

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7
Q

‘Spartanae’

Spartan Girl

A

Gods almost never present themselves in their true form (except for in the Illiad).
Spartan girls were renowned for their militarised training.
Why this costume?
It would not be typical for a normal woman to be out of doors.

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8
Q

‘Spartanae, vel qualis equos Threissa fatigat’

a Spartan girl, or such as Harpalyce of Thrace,

A

Simile.

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9
Q

Harpalyce of Thrace

A

Daughter of the Thracian king Harpalycus, suckled by heifers and mares when her mother died and raised as a warrior princess. When her father lost his throne she lived in the wilds, plundering herds.

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10
Q

Hebrus

A

River in Thrace

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11
Q

‘ventis diffundere’

the wind to scatter

A

epexegetic infinitive

Homerism

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12
Q

epexegetic infinitive

A

Used to explain.

More common in Greek than Latin – Homerism

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13
Q

‘collecta’

fastened

A

Normally her dress would reach the floor but she’s hitched it up for ease of movement- pretty scandalous.

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14
Q

‘heus’

hello

A

Colloquialism

Evidence of Venus’ disguise.

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15
Q

‘O quam te memorem, virgo? Namque haud tibi voltus’

oh how should I name you, virgin? For your looks are not mortal…

A

‘O’ shows he is breaking off in bewilderment.
‘quam’ agrees with ‘te’
Highlights the fact that Aeneas is struggling for the right identity to apply to a woman who he is confident is a goddess.

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16
Q

‘certe’

certain

A

Aeneas knows she is a goddess but not which one. It is imperative he gets the name correct if he wants to receive the help the goddess offers.

17
Q

‘an Phoebi soror? an nympharum sanguinis una?—’

Or Phoebus’s sister? Or one of the race of Nymphs?

A

Ellipsis of ‘an’ twice in this line. Aeneas is blurting out flustered questions.

18
Q

‘nympharum’

Nymphs

A

Diana’s nymphs- the Oreades

19
Q

‘sis felix’

be fortunate

A

iussive subjunctive
often used when a human is asking for divine help.
Follows a sequence of statements commonly used in Roman prayer.

20
Q

‘tandem’

I beg you

A

often has this meaning in commands or questions.

21
Q

Elision

A

the omission of a vowel at the end of one word when the next word begins with a vowel, e.g. ‘th’orient.’

22
Q

‘Ignari hominumque locorumque’

knowing nothing of the people or the country:

A

Elision of ‘-que’ suggests a catch in Aeneas’ voice, indicating his despair.

23
Q

The colour purple

A

Expensive dye.
Symbol of power in Rome.
Comes from crushed shellfish, often found off the coast of Tyre and therefore likely to be found on a Carthaginian.

24
Q

Agenor

A

Ancestor of Dido’s from Tyre.

25
Q

‘Punica regna vides, Tyrios et Agenoris urbem;
sed fines Libyci, genus intractabile bello.
Imperium Dido Tyria regit urbe profecta,
germanum fugiens. Longa est iniuria, longae
ambages; sed summa sequar fastigia rerum.’
You see the kingdom of Carthage, Tyrians, and Agenor’s city:
but bordered by Libyans, a people formidable in war.
Dido rules this empire, having set out from the city of Tyre,
fleeing her brother. It’s a long tale of wrong, with many
windings: but I’ll trace the main chapters of the story.

A

Venus offers comfort by confirming Carthage is not a warlike place, unlike its neighbours.
Her introduction to Dido’s story is well calculated to catch Aeneas’ attention.
She highlights several aspects in common with her son’s own life.

26
Q

Similarities btwn Dido and Aeneas

A

Both in exile,
wronged after many adventures,
found a new city abroad.

27
Q

‘cui pater intactam dederat, primisque iugarat’

her father had given her to him untouched, and joined (her to him) first with marriage omens,

A

English translation- ellipsis of ‘her’ twice in one line, but not in the latin- symbolic of unimportance of women.

28
Q

Sychaeus

A

Dido’s first husband.

29
Q

Pygmalion’s many, many crimes

A

He commits SO Many crimes- highlights his malignity.
Dido’s suffering is further magnified by the audiences’ knowledge that she will fall in love and be abandoned a second time by Aeneas.

30
Q

‘impius’

impious

A

Pygmalion’s own epithet is in direct contrast to Aeneas’

31
Q

‘impius ante aras’

impious before the altars

A

impius placed emphatically at start of line.

he kills Sychaeus AT the altar. On his wedding day.

32
Q

‘amantem’

lovesick

A

left emphatically until end of line and section.

33
Q

‘amore’ ‘amorum’ ‘amantem’

A

Polyptoton.
left until ends of lines.
Very poignant- Pygmalion is ruining Dido’s life.

34
Q

Ecphrasis

A

A story-within-a-story, digression; an epic device.

35
Q

Pygmalion kills Sychaeus but doesn’t bury him…

A

Romans believed that those unburied could not enter the underworld and hence wandered as ghosts haunting and disturbing the living.
Another mark of how evil Pygmalion is.

36
Q

Sychaeus is killed at the altar…

A

There is irony in the fact that the altars are normally expected to protect a man, but could not when faced with Pygmalion’s pure evilness.

37
Q

‘Pygmalionis opes pelago;’

The riches of greedy Pygmalion were carried over the sea;

A

Servius comments that there is no greater punishment for a greedy man than to lose his wealth.
At lines 378-9 Aeneas will also be described as taking tokens of the past to a new kingdom.

38
Q

‘dux femina facti.’

a woman made the leader.

A

Venus finishes her description of Dido’s plight with an epigrammatic phrase. Dido is full of action – a decisive, responsible and courageous leader of men.