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Anatomy and Physio Final > Limbus and Uvea > Flashcards

Limbus and Uvea Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three functions of the limbus?

A
  1. Nourish peripheral cornea
  2. Outflow for aqueous humor
  3. Corneal epithelium regeneration
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2
Q

How does the aqueous flow into venous blood?

A
  1. Canal of Schlemm

2. Uveoscleral Outflow (Vortex Veins)

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3
Q

How many collector channels drain into Schlemm’s canal?

A

25-35

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4
Q

What are the three main properties of the Uvea?

A
  1. Highly vascular
  2. Richly innervated
  3. Regional specialization
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5
Q

What are the three ciliary body functions? (Triple A)

A
  1. Aqueous Humor Formation
  2. Accommodation
  3. Absorption of Light
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6
Q

What are the functions of the Iris?

A
  1. Illumination control
  2. Aperture control for focus
  3. Aberration control
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7
Q

as the cornea transitions into the sclera some of the layers in the cornea disappear while others continue on into the sclera

A

modified corneal layers

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8
Q

at the limbus there is modification of the endothelium to produce…
hint: the aqueous fluid drains through this

A

trabelcular meshwork

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9
Q

a blockage in the meshwork would prevent adequate aqueous outflow and result in an increased IOP and result in…

A

glaucoma

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10
Q

after passing through the trabecular meshwork, aqueous is transported into the…

A

schlemm’s canal

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11
Q

stem cells play a major role in maintaining the transparency of the cornea as a result of….

A

regeneration of epithelial cells

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12
Q

the region that lies anteror to the lens, between the iris and the endothelium of the cornea

A

anterior chamber

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13
Q

the region that surrounds the lens btwn the ant surface of the vitreous and the post surface of the iris

A

posterior chamber

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14
Q

the region between the iris and the corneal endothelium that is line w/ the trabecular meshwork

A

the angle

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15
Q

the boundary btwn the cornea and the sclera. extends through the depth of the cornea

A

corneal scleral limbus

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16
Q

the limbus is supplied by the….

A

ant ciliary artery and long post ciliary artery

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17
Q

stem cell division increases with _______ stress

A

corneal

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18
Q

loss of _______ leads to permanent damage to limbal and corneal epithelium

A

limbal epithelium

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19
Q

which nerves carry the nerves at the limbus

A

long and short ciliary nerves

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20
Q

what branch of CN are the nerves at the limbus branches of

A

ophthalmic division of CN 5

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21
Q

the nerves at the limbus travel through ______ and the ______ aspect of the ciliary body

A

suprachoroid

superior

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22
Q

the nerves at the limbus traverse approx ____ of the cornea

A

2/3

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23
Q

the nerves form two branches: one in the _____ which is the most dense, and one in the _____

A

epithelium

stroma

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24
Q

which cell layer are the epithelial nerves found

A

basal cell layer but some single branches extend to the squamous cell layer

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25
when do the nerves at the limbus lose myelin sheath
about 1.5mm entry into the cornea
26
the stem cells at the limbus are ... (3 things)
1. basal cell layer 2. daughter cells (transient amplifying cells) 3 form basal ep cells
27
1. daughter cells migrate from basal epithelial cells to _______ 2. cells move from ______ to cornea 3. _____ of surface cells this is called the _________ of renewal
1. surface epithelium 2. conjunctiva 3. desquamation xyz method
28
changes in the epithelium at the limbus 1. becomes ______ 2. less _____ 3. incrase in ____ cells 4. _______ are smaller and more dense 5. _____ becomes undulating 6. LESS _____
1. thicker 2. uniform 3. wing 4. basal cells 5. basement membrane 6. transparent
29
changes in bowman's membrane at the limbus 1. stops at ______ 2. demarcates limit of _____-
1. peripheral cornea | 2. anterior cornea
30
nerves that pass from stroma to epithelium
ramus perforans
31
changes in the stroma at the limbus 1. corneal stroma is continuous w/ ______ 2. loses regularity of ______ 3. variation in _______ spacing 4. increasing variation in _______ 5. LESS ______
1. scleral stroma 2. lamellae 3. fiber 4. fiber diamter 5. transparency
32
changes in descemet's membrane at limbus 1. _______ in the limbus or sclera 2. extremem limit of descemet's membrane is marked by a ring called ______
1. not found | 2. "schwalbe's ring"
33
changes in the endothelium at the limbus 1. continues with _____ 2. forms the _______ layer and lines the _____ 3. ______ forms the trabecular meshwork 4. _________: endothelial layer present in lumen of trabecular meshowrk (aggressive glaucoma)
1. cornea 2. trabecular endothelial layer angle 3. modified endothelium 4. chandler's syndrome
34
a complete trabeuclar endothelial layer is found in ______ but not primates
rabbits
35
where is the canal of schlemm found
the corneoscleral junction
36
the canal of schlemm is an _______ channel
annular
37
how many mm in diameter is the canal of schlemm
0.3mm
38
what kind of cells line the canal of schlemm
endothelial cells
39
aqueous is drained into the canal of schlemm from the ______ via the ______
anterior chamber | trabecular meshwork
40
T or F: the canal of schlemm is a vein
fucking false motherfucker theres no fucking valves
41
a annular structure in the human eye, a protrusion of the sclera into the anterior chamber
scleral spur
42
the filtration angle has its apex at the ______, base at the _____, and attachment of the ______, and divided into ____ regions
schwalbe's ring scleral spur ciliary muscles 3
43
the trabecular meshwork is divided up into 2 parts:
a uveal and corneosclearal part
44
the uveal: 1. ____ meshwork 2. forms ______ 3. _____ passages
1. inner 2. cords (in cross-section) 3. wide
45
corneoscleral: 1. _____ part 2. _____ to uveal part 3. forms ______ 4. numerous ______ 5. resistance to _____
1. largest 2. external 3. flattened sheets 4. pores 5. outflow
46
the greatest resistance to outflow is found in the ...
trabecular meshowrk
47
the wall of canal of schlemm produces a resistance of ___ % of total ressistance
5%
48
the region separting the endothelial lining of the canal of schlemm and the corneoscleral meshwork is called the....
cribiform layer or the jutacanalicular tissue
49
the connection btwn canal of schlemm and ant chamber is called the...
canals of sondermann
50
there are no canals in the canal of sondermann, just ______. this incrases the _____ of the canal
spaces | surface area
51
aqueous flow into canal of schlemm 1. canal is lined w/ ______ cells w/ ____ junctions 2. _______transport aqueous into canal (main) 3. what kind of transport 4. _____ diffusion 5. driven by _____ pressure gradient
1. endothelial cells w/ tight junctions 2. giant vacuoles 3. active transport (v. small) 4. passive diffusion (small) 5. IOP pressure gradient
52
large vacuoles form on the _____ side of the endothelial cells that are called ____ vacuoles
basal | giant
53
the vacuoles burst on the _____ side emptying its contents into the canal of ____
apical | schlemm
54
the small amount of fluid moved by active transport via ______ is way fucking small compared to those big ass giant vacuoles
active transport
55
the path of aqueous outflow is through the | 1. or 2.
1. canal of schlemm | 2 uveoscleral outflow (vortex veins)
56
wehre are the collector channels located on
external wall of schlemm's canal
57
the collector channels empty into the _______ or the _____ veins and eventually flows into the ________ veins
deep scleral venous plexus aqueous veins episcleral veins
58
aqueous flow through the uveoscleral outflow 1. passively drains _____ % 2. ____ resistance 3. _____ reduction w/ age 4. prostaglandins reduce ______ (affect permeability w/in ciliary body)
1. 5-35% 2. no 3. modest 4. IOP
59
aqueous flow is derived from plasma in _______
ciliary body processes
60
aqueous flow flows around the ____ into the _____
lens | anterior chamber
61
aqueous flow passes out through the trabecular meshwork through the ___________ and _____ OR into _____ tissue surround ciliary muscle
canal of schlemm and collector channels OR connective
62
aqueous flow returns to blood vessels via | 1. or 2.
1. aqueous veins/episcleral veins | 2. choroidal vessels

Anatomy and Physio Final (9 decks)

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