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neuro - block 2 > limbic system + basal ganglia diseases(dr driscoll) > Flashcards

limbic system + basal ganglia diseases(dr driscoll) Flashcards

1
Q

what causes parkinsons

A

death of neurons in substantia nigra (cant produce dopamine)

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2
Q

how many ppl have parkinsons in usa

A

1 million

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3
Q

symptoms of parkinsons (5)

A
  1. hypokinesia (less movement)
  2. bradykinesia (slow movement)
  3. difficulty starting/stopping movements
  4. resting tremor
  5. muscle rigidity
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4
Q

treatements for parkinsons

A
  • L-dopa
  • DBS (deep brain stimulation) targeting GPi and/or STN
    dbs works well when surgury goes well but also wares off in effectivness as time goes on (kills cells)
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5
Q

what causes/is huntingtons disease

A

genetic disease that effects basal ganglia (specifically GABA + enkephilon)

LOTS of ‘loosing bids’ getting through thalamus (cant inhibit unwanted actions)

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6
Q

symptoms of huntingtons

A
  1. cant inhibit unwanted movement (constantly moving/cant stop moving) aka athetosis (slow, rythmic, writhing behaviors)
  2. chorea/chorieform movement (dance-like movement)
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7
Q

dammage to STN from stroke causes

A

hemibalism (random throwing/thrashing of limbs, usualy arm)

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8
Q

procedural (muscle) memory (def)

A

motor memmory engrained through practice, unconcious memories (mediated by basal ganglia NOT hippocampus)

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9
Q

what general system controls implicit/non-concious things

A

limbic system

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10
Q

what makes up the limbic system (8ish)

A
  1. singulate gyrus
  2. intralimbic gyrus
  3. fornix + inner arc
  4. hippocampus
  5. amygdala
  6. stria terminalis
  7. bed nucleus of stria terminalis (anxiety)
  8. habenula
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11
Q

what makes up the limbic gyrus (2)

A

singulate gyrus and amygdala

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12
Q

what makes up the intralimbic gyrus (2)

A

stria terminalis and indusium griseum,

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13
Q

what did paul ekman think

A

facial expressions were the same accross all cultures/groups of people

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14
Q

where/what structures become particuarly active when ostrasized/socially rejected

A

dACC, subACC, and interior insula

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15
Q

7 main emotions

A
  1. anger
  2. contempt
  3. discust
  4. fear
  5. happiness
  6. sadness
  7. suprise
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16
Q

folk psychology/general population theory of emotion and how/when they occurr

A
  1. stimulus (bang!)
  2. perception/interpretation (danger)
  3. emotion experienced (fear)
  4. pattern of autonomic arousal (heart racing, etc.)
17
Q

james/lang theory of emotion and how/when they occur

A
  1. stimulus (bang!)
  2. perception/interpretation (danger)
  3. pattern of autonomic arousal (heart racing, etc.)
  4. emotion experienced (fear)
18
Q

cannon/bard theory of emotion and how/when they occur

A
  1. stimulus (bang!)
  2. perception/interpretation (danger)

simultaniously:
3. general autonomic arousal (heart races, etc>)
4. particular emotion experienced (fear)

19
Q

schachter’s cognitive theory of emotion and how/when they occur

A
  1. stimulus (bang!)
  2. perception/interpretation combining the stimuli and the context
  3. general autonomic arousal (heart races, etc.) and particular emotion experienced (fear)
  4. feedback loop to perception/interpretation for future reference
20
Q

what structures were included in the papez ciruit (4)

A

neocortex

singulate gyrus, hippocampus, hypothalamus, anterior nucli of the thalamus

21
Q

who coined the term ‘limbic system’ and what else did they do

A

maclean

also added the amygdala to the papez circuit

22
Q

when there are low levels of limbic arousal, emotion BLANK

A

emotion plays an ADVISORY ROLE, helping us make decisions (not making the decision)

23
Q

when there are middle levels of limbic arousal, conflict can arise between BLANK

A

conflict can arise between lower emotional brain structures and higher cognitive regions (cortex)

24
Q

when there are high levels of limbic arousal, subcortical brain regions can BLANK

A

subcortical brain regions can overrun higher cognitive regions (cortex), making a person feel out of control and leads to poor decision making

25
Q

kluver-bucy syndrome (def)

A

rare disease that causes one to have urges to put stuff in their mouth and also hypersexuality

neuro - block 2 (9 decks)

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