Limbic System

Question 1

Which structure is part of Papez Circuit?

a. cingulate
b. inferior pareital lobule
c. amygdala
d. septal region

Answer 1

a. cingulate

Question 2

Which is the main feature of Kluver Bucy Syndrome?

a. increased oral activities
b. placidity
c. hypersexuality
d. all of the above

Answer 2

d. all

Question 3

Which structure is correctly matched to the tract?

a. cingulate gyrus and ventral amygdalofugal pathway
b. entorhinal cortex and strai terminalis
c. hippocampus and fornix
d. amygdala and corpus callosum

Answer 3

c

Question 4

What is the function of the limbic system?

Answer 4

HOME- homeostasis, olfaction, memory, emotion

links visceral states and emotion to cognition and behavior

Question 5

Describe Papez Circuit

Answer 5

Hippocampus> fornix>mamillary bodies>mammilothalamic tract>ant. thalamus> cingulate gyrus>

Question 6

What else does the limbic system contain ?

Answer 6

septal area, orbitofrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens (pleasure), amygdala (emotion/fear), insula, entorhinal cortex (smell)

Question 7

Function of the orbital frontal lobe

Answer 7

personality, behavior control, and self awareness

Question 8

What does the cingulate cortex function in rostally and caudal?

Answer 8

Rostral: emotions and motor
Caudal: visual spatial and memory

Question 9

Which area of the limbic system is involved in the preservation of self, emotion, aggression sexual behavior, affect of faces, etc.?

Answer 9

amydala

Question 10

What is the septum involved in?

Answer 10

preservation of species- sexual behavior

Question 11

What tract connects the amygdala to the hypothalamus and septum?

Answer 11

stria terminalis

Question 12

The ventral amydalofugal pathway connects the amygdala to what structures?

Answer 12

hypothalamus and brainstem nuclei

Question 13

What is the perforant path?

Answer 13

entorhinal cortex to dentate (hippocmapus)

Question 14

Major projection between hippocampus and mammillary body?

Answer 14

fornix

Question 15

Where does the anterior thalamus project to?

Answer 15

orbitofrontal and cingulate gyrus

Question 16

What connects the ant. temporal lobe to the orbital and polar frontal cortex?

Answer 16

uncinate fasiculus

Question 17

What types of receptors are found in high density throughout the limbic system?

Answer 17

cholinergic and opiate receptors

Question 18

Which virus has high affinity for the limbic system regions?

Answer 18

Herpes Enchephalitis

Question 19

Temporo-Amygdala-Orbitofrontal Network

Answer 19

integrates visceral sensation and emotion with memory and behavior

Question 20

Hippocampal-dienchphali and parahippocampal-retrospelnial network what would a lesion cuase

Answer 20

memory and spatial orientation

amnesia and memory disorders

Question 21

Default Mode Network

Answer 21

Autbiographical memory, introspection

Question 22

What are the symptoms of Kluver- Bucy Syndrome (bilat temporal lob lesiosn including amygdala, hippocampus and uncus)?

Answer 22

Increased oral activity (no smell)
Hypersexual
Hypermetamophosis (overreaction to visual stimuli)
Placidity (flat affect)
Visual agnosia (loss of recognition of objects)
Bulimia

Question 23

A friend tells you that her husband had become obsessed with writing about philosophy and is constantly going on retreats alone to think and write about his philosophical ideas. She says he has also been very talkative on the phone and will not hang up for hours when they talk. What might be going on?

Answer 23

Geschwind Syndrome: sensory limbic hyper connection and strengthening of synaptic connections

or interictal personality..

Question 24

What would a lesion in the amygdala cause?

Answer 24

tameness/reduced emotionality and lack of social interaction

Question 25

Orbital Frontal syndrome

Answer 25

disinhibited, lack of care about oneself

Question 26

Frontal/Convexity or Dorsolateral Syndrome

Answer 26

apathetic, automated

Question 27

Medial Frontal syndrome

Answer 27

akinetic mutism, inert, no drive

Question 28

What is declarative memory? What is episodic vs semantic?

Answer 28

episodic- personal life events

semantic- facts remembered

Question 29

What comprises the hippocampal formation?

Answer 29

hippocampus, dentat gyrus, subiculum

Question 30

Major efferent of the hippocampal formation?

Answer 30

fornix

Question 31

Major afferent of the hippocampal formation?

Answer 31

perforant path - connects entorhinal cortex to dentate

Question 32

Which brain region could you stimulate to increase sexual drive, what may be a consequence?

Answer 32

septal region, person may and increased rage or irritability as well

Question 33

what are the most pleasurable regions in the brain?

Answer 33

Lateral hypothalamus and medial forebrain bundle (connects to septum)

Question 34

What is one explanation for the addictiveness of heroin or cocaine?

Answer 34

excess dopamine in the mesolimbic system and nucleus accumbens involvement

Question 35

If a person feels pain and has rage, strong aversive reactions and long lasting hyperemotionality where might the lesion be?

Answer 35

ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus

Question 36

Which area is associated with OCD and sociopathy

Answer 36

cingulus

Question 37

Tourettes syndrome deals with abnormalities of what?

Answer 37

anterior cingulate- affective vocalizations, coordinated movement