Limbic System

Question 1

limbic system function mnemonic

Answer 1

HOME: homeostasis, olfaction, memory, emotion

Question 2

Papez circuit

Answer 2

cingulate to hippocampus to fornix to mammillary bodies to thalamus

Question 3

limbic system characteristics

Answer 3

high density of cholinergic innervation and opiate receptors

Question 4

Perforant path connects what?

Answer 4

entorhinal cortex to dentate (hippocampus)

Question 5

structures of outer core of limbic system

Answer 5

cingulate cortex, orbital frontal lobe, subcallosal area, parts of temporal lobe (hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, uncus)

Question 6

structures of inner core of limbic system

Answer 6

anterior thalamic nucleus, mammillary bodies, hypothalamic nuclei, septal nuclei, subcortical compartments (hypothalamus, amygdala, septum)

Question 7

functions of amygdala

Answer 7

• “preservation of self” behaviors, emotion, aggression and defense response, fear conditioning, affective significance of visual stimuli, affect of faces
• lesion leads to tameness or reduced emotionality

Question 8

functions of septum

Answer 8

“preservation of species” behavior = sexual behavior

Question 9

fornix connects what?

Answer 9

hippocampus with septum and mammillary bodies

Question 10

stria terminalis connects what?

Answer 10

amygdala with septum, hypothalamus, bed nucleus, and nucleus accumbens

Question 11

ventral amygdalofugal pathway connects what?

Answer 11

amygdala with hypothalamus, brainstem, septum

Question 12

major efferent of limbic system

Answer 12

fornix

Question 13

major afferent of limbic system

Answer 13

perforant path

Question 14

medial forebrain bundle connects what?

Answer 14

hypothalamic nuclei and amygdala and brainstem nuclei

Question 15

kluver-bucy syndrome: where, symptoms

Answer 15

• bilateral temporal lesions including amygdala, hippocampus, uncus
• increased oral activity, hypersexuality, placidity, visual agnosias (loss of recognition of simple familiar objects), bulimia

Question 16

geschwind syndrome

Answer 16

• sensory limbic hyperconnection
• interictal personality
• increased concern with philosophical/religious issues
• hyposexuality
• hypergraphia
• viscosity (difficulty in breaking off conversation)

Question 17

brain pleasure regions (3)

Answer 17

lateral hypothalamus, medial forebrain bundle, nucleus accumbens

Question 18

pain and punishment regions of brain (2)

Answer 18

ventromedial and dorsomedial nuclei of hypothalamus

Question 19

part of limbic system involved in PTSD

Answer 19

amygdala

Question 20

function of hippocampus

Answer 20

acquisition of facts and events (declarative memory)

Question 21

Wernicke Korsakoff’s syndrome

Answer 21

• caused by chronic alcoholism and thiamine deficiency
• lesions are in mammillary bodies and thalamus
• anterograde and retrograde amnesia
• acute state: confusion, disorientation, oculomotor dysfunction, ataxia

Question 22

function of anterior cingulate

Answer 22

emotion and motor functions

Question 23

function of posterior cingulate

Answer 23

visuospatial and memory functions

Question 24

symptoms of lesion in anterior cingulate

Answer 24

apathy, disinhibition, placidity, depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive behaviors, heightened sexuality, bulimia

Question 25

Tourette syndrome is associated with what part of the brain?

Answer 25

anterior cingulate