Limbic System Flashcards

1
Q

limbic functions

A

homeostasis, olfaction, memory, emotion (HOME)

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2
Q

Papez’s structures (OG)

A

cingulate, hippocampus, fornix, mammillary bodies, anterior thalamus (cingle out the hippos for mammillary ants)

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3
Q

expanded papez

A

added prefrontal cortex, association cortex, amygdala, hypothalamus

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4
Q

common limbic physiologic/neurologic properties

A

herpes, seizures, cholinergic inervation and opiate receptors

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5
Q

septal nuclei + nucleus basalis of meynert

A

cholinergic input for brain (memory)

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6
Q

mesocorticolimbic dopamine system

A

positive reinforcing brain mechanisms (drugs and pleasure)

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7
Q

tract: fornix

A

connects hippocampus to mammillary and septal nuclei (major efferent)

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8
Q

tract: mammillothalamic tract

A

connects mammillary bodies to anterior thalamus

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9
Q

tract: perforant path

A

connects entorhinal cortex to dentate (hippocampus afferent)

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10
Q

cingulate cortex (rostral, caudal)

A

rostral: emotions and motor; caudal: visual spatial and memory

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11
Q

orbital frontal lobe

A

personality, behavioral control, self-awareness

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12
Q

temporal lobe (hippo, parahippo, entorhinal cortex)

A

memory

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13
Q

inner core/subcortical components of limbic

A

anterior thalamic nucleus, mammillary body, hypothalamic nuclei, septal nuclei

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14
Q

hypothalamus fxn

A

pleasure center, autonomic, endocrine integration

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15
Q

amygdala

A

preservation of self behaviors (social, aggression), attribtues affective significance to visual stimuli, lesion = tameness. PTSD. response to faces. integration of emotions, fear and memory.

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16
Q

septum/septal region

A

preservation of species behaviors (sexual, emotionality). tumor of septal region –> rage attack

17
Q

tract: stria terminalis

A

connects amygdala with septum, hypothalamus, bed nuclei, nucleus accumbens

18
Q

tract: ventral amygdalofugal pathway

A

connects amygdala with hypothalamus, brainstem, septum

19
Q

medial forebrain bundle

A

connects hypothalamic nuclei and amygdala and brainstem nuclei

20
Q

Kluver-Bucy

A

bilateral large temporal lobe lesions (amygdala, hippo, uncus) –> psychic blindness, visual agnosia, oral tendencies, hypermetamorphosis, tameness/placidity, hypersexuality

21
Q

etiology of kluver-bucy

A

herpetic viral encephalitis, anoxia, Pick’s disease, subarachnoid hemorrhage, alzheimer’s

22
Q

Geschwind syndrome

A

sensory limbic HYPERconnection, increased concern with philosophical/cosmic/religious issues, hyposexuality, hypergraphia, interpersonal stickiness

23
Q

interictal personality

A

hyperconnection

24
Q

kluver-bucy syndrome

A

disconnection

25
most pleasurable regions
lateral hypothalamus, medial forebrain bundle (catecholamines, dopaminergic systems) and nucleus accumbens
26
addictive drug system
mesolimbic dopamine system
27
pain and punishment
lesions to ventromedial nucleus of hypothal produces pain
28
hippocampus
acquisition of facts and events (declarative memory). lesion --> amnestic states.
29
declarative memory (medial temporal lobe)
episodic (events) & semantic (facts)
30
hippocampal formation
hippocampus, dentate gyrus, subiculum. (neocortex too).
31
Wernicke Korsakoff's
chronic alcoholism, thiamine deficiency. acute = encephalopathy, chronic = anterograde & retrograde amnesia. lesions in mammillary bodies and thalamus
32
lesion of cingulate (anterior?)
contralateral motor neglect, abolish conditioned emotional responses. blunting. can treat OCD. sociopathy? akinetic mutism (anterior).
33
tourette's
anterior cingulate abnormalities. reduced TS stx seen after disconnection of AC from thalamus
34
anterior cingulate function
integration of thought, motivation and emotion with movement
35
orbital frontal lob syndrome
disinhibited, tactless, bawdy, boastful, grandiose (phineas gage)
36
frontal or dorsolateral syndrome
apathetic, slow, automaton-like, vacant
37
medial frontal syndrome
akinetic mutism, inert, speechless but intact sleep/wake cycle