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Neurob2 > Limbic System > Flashcards

Limbic System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 functions of the Limbic System? (HOME)

A

HOME!
H- Homeostasis via autonomic and neuroendocrine control
O- Olfactory
M- memory
E- emotion

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2
Q

The anterior nucleus of the thalamus (aka Papez cortex) is associated with what function?

A

Memory

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3
Q

The mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus is associated with what functions?

A

Emotions and behavior

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4
Q

The hippocampal formation has what limbic function?

A

Memory

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5
Q

What’s the limbic function of the amygdala?

A

Emotions and drives

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6
Q

What’s the limbic function of the hypothalamus?

A

Homeostasis

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7
Q

Which cortex is know as the association cortex

A

Prefrontal cortex

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8
Q
  1. Which of the following limbic structures provides control of the autonomic nervous system?
    a) Amygdala
    b) Hippocampal formation
    c) Hypothalamus
    d) Olfactory Cortex
A

C hypothalamus

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9
Q
  1. Which two thalamic nuclei are heavily involved in the limbic system relay?
    a) Ventral Post Lat and Ventral Post Med
    b) MedioDorsal and Anterior
    c) Ventral Lat and Lateral dorsal
    d) Ventral Anterior and Intralaminar
A

b) MedioDorsal and Anterior

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10
Q

Medial and Lateral Olfactory Stria-> function, input, and output?

A

Function= smell
Input=Olfactory tracts
Output = anything with olfactory, Corticomedial nucleus of the amygdala (Smell evokes emotions), Parahippocampal gyrus (entorhinal cortex) (Smell evokes memories)

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11
Q

What do the Fornix do?

A

It’s involved in memory pathways to the mammillary body of hypothalamus (Mammillothalamic Tract)

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12
Q

What do the Mammillothalamic Tract do?

A

Memory pathway from mammillary bodies of hippocampus to the anterior nucleus of the thalamus

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13
Q

Where does the stria terminal is go?

A

The stria terminalis is the long pathway from the amygdala to the hypothalamus

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14
Q

Describe the Ventral AmygdaloFugal Pathway…

A

the ventral amygdalofugal pathway connects the amygdala to the hypothalamus and thalamus in a SHORT/quicker manner than the stria terminal. This allows for variability in case of injury.

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15
Q

What do the medial forebrain do n go?

A

Sends info bout behaviors, emotion, personality to the brainstem

Amygdala <—> hypothalamus <—> brainstorm

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16
Q

Which of the following pathways connects the hypothalamus with the brainstem?
a) Medial Olfactory Stria
b) Medial Forebrain Bundle
c) Mammillothalamic Tract
d) Stria Terminalis

A

b) Medial Forebrain Bundle

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17
Q

The only sensation that is able to bypass the thalamus?

A

Olfaction

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18
Q

What nucleus is involved with evoking the emotional and motivational responses from smelling?

A

Corticomedial nucleus of the amygdala

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19
Q

Which of the following structures connects with the olfactory system to give memories to smell?
a) Primary Olfactory Cortex b) Amygdala
c) Pre-Frontal Cortex
d) Parahippocampal Gyrus

A

Parahippocampal Gyrus,
Go to the hippo for memories

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20
Q

Where in the brain are declarative memories stored?

A

Medial temporal lobe. Think of homie who woke up everyday n didn’t remember a thing

21
Q

Why is the prefrontal association cortex important to memory?

A

It allows you to make on the spot decisions from past memories

22
Q

In the papez circuit, which of the following structures is involved in the initial output of memory processing
a) Mamillary Bodies of the Hypothalamus
b) Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus
c) Dentate Gyrus of the Hippocampus
d) Subiculum of the Hippocampus

A

Subiculum of the Hippocampus

23
Q

The thalamus sends information to the cingulate gyrus and what other structure to make sure that memoires are involved in decision making?
a) Parahippocampal Gyrus
b) Basal Ganglia
c) Pre-frontal association cortex
d) Amygdala

A

Pre-frontal association cortex

24
Q

Compare retrograde vs anterograde amnesia

A

Retrograde Amnesia- events that occurred before the trauma or disease (medial temporal lobe and association cortexes)

Anterograde amnesia - loss of memory following event (medial temporal lobe)

25
Q

Damage to the medial temporal lobes is most likely to affect which of the following forms of amnesia?
a) Anterograde
b) Retrograde
c) Infantile
d) Damage to this area does not result in
amnesia

A

Anterograde

26
Q

The stria terminals is the long or short way to deliver information from the amygdala to the hypothalamus?

A

LOOOOOONG

27
Q

The Ventral AmygdaloFugal Pathway is the long or short way to deliver information from the amygdala to the hypothalamus?

A

Short

28
Q

Why is the media forebrain bundle important??

A

It’s the pathway involved in sending behaviors, emotions, and personality info from the hypothalamus to the brainstem and back (2-way connection)

29
Q

what is the only sensation that is able to bypass the thalamus?

A

olfaction/smell

30
Q

What lobe/part of the brain are seizures common?

A

medial temporal lobe

31
Q

T or F…

In a generalized seizure, all parts of the brain are affected and conscious?

A

FALSE!
In generalized seizures the whole brain is affected BUT they are unconscious as a result.

32
Q

T or F…

In a focal/partial seizure only part of the brain is affected and the person is conscious?

A

TRUE!
in focal seizures, only one area of the brain is affected and they can be fully aware/conscious during it.

33
Q

what are the 2 types of Generalized seizures??

A
  1. Grand Mal
  2. Tonic- Clonic
34
Q

Damage to the medial temporal lobes is most likely to affect which of the following forms of amnesia?
a) Anterograde
b) Retrograde
c) Infantile
d) Damage to this area does not result in
amnesia

A

a) Anterograde

35
Q

Which of the following types of seizures is the person conscious and aware?
a) Grand Mal
b) Generalized
c) Partial Simple
d) Partial Complex

A

c) Partial Simple

36
Q

T or F….

The amygdala is close to the olfaction tract

A

Trueeee they are nearby and send info to one another

37
Q

The amygdala communicates with what area of the brain to use emotions in Decision making?

A

Association cortex

Amygdala uses emotions to influence decision making via the association cortex

38
Q

What’s the difference between the anterior and mediodorsal nuclei of the thalamus?

A

Anterior nucleus of thalamus does memory
Mediodorsal nuclei of thalamus does emotions

39
Q

Addictive drugs increase __________ levels in the _______.

A

Dopamine, striatum
Addicts have less dopamine receptors so they aim to replace low dopamine via drugs

40
Q

Which of the following pathways provides input from the amygdala to the mediodorsal nuclei of the thalamus?
a) Stria Terminalis
b) Ventral Amygdalofugal pathway
c) Fornix
d) Medial Forebrain Bundle

A

b) Ventral Amygdalofugal pathway

41
Q

Which of the following structures connects the limbic system with the cortex to drive motivation and reward seeking?
a) Amygdala
b) Substantia Nigra
c) Ventral Tegmental Area
d) Septal Area

A

c) Ventral Tegmental Area

42
Q

Which of the following autonomic nervous system areas gives rise to sympathetic
Knowledge Checkpoint
fibers?
1. Brainstem
2. Vagus Nerve
3. Sacral Region
4. Thoraco-Lumbar region

A
  1. Thoraco-Lumbar region
43
Q

A person’s heartrate increases and palms get sweaty prior to a lab practical. Which of the following structures is most involved in this autonomic response
1. Hypothalamus
2. Amygdala
3. Pituitary Gland
4. Epithalamus

A
  1. Hypothalamus
44
Q

The mesencephalon is where all the thalamus lay?

A

Noooooo
All thalamus is in the diencephalon

45
Q

Hypothalamus functions “HEAL”

A
46
Q

List ant pituitary hormones

A

6

47
Q

List post pituitary gland hormones

A

2

48
Q

Which of the following hormones is released by the posterior pituitary gland?
a) Growth hormone
b) Thyroid stimulating hormone
c) Prolactin
d) Oxytocin

A

d) Oxytocin

49
Q

A pituitary gland tumor can impact vision because anatomically the pituitary gland is located near which of the following structures?
a) Hypothalamus
b) Optic Chiasm
c) Occipital Lobe
d) Optic Nerve

A

b) Optic Chiasm

Neurob2 (9 decks)

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