Higher Order Cerebral Function Flashcards
What are the 6 layers of the neocortex?
Layer
Main Connections
I Dendrites and axons from other layers
II Cortical – cortical connections
III Cortical – cortical connections
IV Receives inputs from thalamus
V Sends outputs to subcortical structures (other than thalamus)
VI Sends outputs to thalamus
What makes up the core Language circuit?
- Wernickes area
- Arcuate fasiculus
- Brocas area
ADD MORE Q’s ON SHIT B4 WERNICKES N BROCAS content
do it bro cmon
What is aphasia?
A defect in language processing
Whats the difference between brocas and wernickes aphasia
Broca’s aphasia is when pt knows what they wan say (intact comprehension) but cannot form the words to say it, only able to speak in .5 word phrases, leading to frustration
Wernicke’s aphasia is when the pt doesn’t understand what other people and themselves are saying (impaired comprehension). They are blissfully unaware of their language difficulties.
A lesion to the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) will result in what??
can still feel pain touch temp… but with poor localization
impaired position sense
impaired 2 point discrimination
Which hemisphere is the dominant one for language?
Left hemisphere is dominant for language.
What is the “highway” connecting wernickes and brocas area?
arcuate fasciculus
what brodmann’s area is wernicke’s area??
brodmann’s area 22 = wernickes area
what brodmann’s area is Broca’s area??
brodmanns area 44/45 = brocas area
Whats the function of wernickes area?
takes in and comprehends auditory input into meaningful words. Wernickes then sends this to Brocas area via the arcuate fasciculus (highway connection)
Whats the function of Broca’s area?
takes input from Wernicke’s area and converts neural representation of words + sentences into sound via stimulation of the primary motor cortex
dmg to which cerebral artery would affect Broca’s area?
Middle cerebral Artery superior division (MCAs)
dmg to which cerebral artery would affect Wernicke’s area?
middle cerebral artery inferior division (MCAi)
A MCA superior division infarct would result in what sx’s?
Broca’s aphasia,
dysarthria,
R hemiparesis,
frustration (bc comprehension intact but motor function to speak is not),
apraxia
A MCA inferior division infarct would result in what sx’s?
wernickes aphasia
contralateral visual field cut (bc near primary visual cortex),
apraxia
What type of aphasia has lesions to both Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas?
this is global aphasia
What type of aphasia is the result of a lesion to the arcuate fasciculus??
conduction aphasia. Broca’s n wernickes aphasia themselves are intact but the connection btw them is dmg.
What type of aphasia is characterized by dmg to the other language areas in frontal temporoparietal, or subcortical structures?
(HINT: brocas+wernickes+arcuate fasciculus are intact here)
Transcortical aphasia…
think bout the name… trans = around, cortical = cortex… the dmg done is around the different language centers in diff cortexes of the brain.
stop what ya doin rn n draw out the Classification of language disorders flow chart on slide 42!!
did you do it tho?
What is apraxia? how does it differ from aphasia or ataxia?
Apraxia is characterized by having difficulty with motor planning and initiation of movements. Seemingly easy/normal tasks (making cup o coffee) will take longer for those wit apraxia. nearly 1/3 of pts with aphasia will have apraxia
Ataxia is uncoordinated/drunk like movements
aphasia is difficulty speaking
NOW MAKE CARDS ON ATTENTION STARTING ON SLIDE 46.
