Liking and Value

Question 1

Arousal, affect, appraisal (The 3 A’s of emotion)

Answer 1

arousal - physical component of emotion
affect - experience of emotion/what it feels like
appraisal - what caused the emotion

Question 2

Misattribution of arousal

Answer 2

incorrectly identifying the source of emotional arousal

Question 3

Wobbly footbridge study

Answer 3

interviewer asks men to complete a questionnaire on a wobbly bridge or stable bridge, seeing if their answers were different depending on if the interviewer is a man or woman.
- the men who met the woman were more likely to call her back

Question 4

power of the color red

Answer 4

in a study, women behind a red background were seen as more attractive, because what stands out can be seen as more responsive or unique

Question 5

power of uncertainty (Whitchurch article)

Answer 5

uncertain of an outcome makes you think more about it (appraisal)

Question 6

Phineas Gage

Answer 6

railroad spike going through his prefrontal cortex (PFC), changing his personality from hardworking to impulsive

Question 7

PFC

Answer 7

pre frontal cortex - responsible for cognitive and emotional processes

Question 8

PFC effects of damage

Answer 8

can change the way you judge in a social context and way you behave

Question 9

PFC flat affect

Answer 9

dulled emotional responses from damage in the PFC

Question 10

PFC affective cues

Answer 10

cues that indicate if a situation is bad or not

Question 11

Iowa Gambling Task

Answer 11

unconsciously, participants automatically prefer a good deck. however, pfc patients failed to switch to a good deck, or are delayed

Question 12

vmPFC (medial OFC)

Answer 12

where meaning and value related processes converge

Question 13

representation of value in the brain

Answer 13

determining value requires integrating many factors into a common currency

Question 14

shock value study

Answer 14

study on students of how much they would need to pay them to be shocked. when value outweighed cost, vmPFC was more active

Question 15

interpersonal attraction and what influences it

Answer 15

the strength of our liking or loving for another person. physical attractiveness can influence i t

Question 16

typical preferences for facial features

Answer 16

both men and women prefer youthful characteristics, including large round eyes, small nose and chin, prominent cheekbones, large forehead, symmetrical, or healthy

Question 17

preferences for thinness

Answer 17

prefer those that are physically fit

Question 18

romantic partner preferences and gender differences

Answer 18

kindness, humor, dependability, intelligence, and sociability. women are relatively more interested in social status. men are more interested in young age, low waist to hip ratio, and more willing to casual sex

Question 19

physical attractiveness stereotype

Answer 19

the tendency to percieve attractive people as having positive characteristics, such as sociability and competence

Question 20

significance of similarity

Answer 20

similarity makes things easier and reinforcing as you like the same things.

Question 21

proximity

Answer 21

being around another person also increases liking, as people tend to become better acquainted with and more fond of each other in social situations

Question 22

mere exposure

Answer 22

tendency to prefer stimuli that we have seen frequently

Question 23

mood

Answer 23

experiencing positive affect when we like someone. this can influence the other person to like the other due to constant positivity

Question 24

passionate love