Light Lenses And Telescopes Flashcards
1
Q
What are most of the 1000s of points of light called
A
Stars
2
Q
True/False stars are not capable of making their own light
A
False
3
Q
What is 1 difference that stars differ from planets
A
Planets do not make their own light
4
Q
How did planets get light
A
They reflect light from stars
5
Q
What are the 2 classifications of heavenly bodies
A
Light bodies and dark bodies
6
Q
What are light bodies?
A
Objects that make their own light
7
Q
What are 2 examples of light bodies?
A
Stars and some nebula
8
Q
What are dark bodies?
A
Objects that do not make their own light
9
Q
What are 4 examples of dark bodies
A
Planets, moons, comets, asteroids
10
Q
Matter is made up of what?
A
Atoms
11
Q
What 3 things are atoms made up of?
A
Protons neutrons electrons 
12
Q
Nuclear is made up of what 2 things(what makes up the nucleus)
A
Protons and neutrons
13
Q
The electrons are located where
A
Outside of the nucleus
14
Q
What is nuclei fission
A
When the nucleus of an atom is split
15
Q
An element with what what 2 characteristics is used?Why?
A
-element with large nucleus that is either uranium and plutonium
-gives a large target
16
Q
What is shot at the nucleus
A
A neutron
17
Q
How does this affect the nucleus
A
Makes it very unstable so that it breaks apart
18
Q
What does the nucleus break apart into
A
2 smaller elements
19
Q
What does this produce
A
A lot of energy and 3 more neutrons
20
Q
What is established?
A
A chain reaction
21
Q
This reaction happens until when?
A
All of the nuclei of uranium is broken down into 2 smaller elements
22
Q
This process takes place in what 2things
A
Atomic bombs and nuclear reactors
23
Q
What is nuclear fusion?
A
When 4 small nucleated atoms are combined together
24
Q
The temperature must be how many degrees
A
Over 1 million degrees Celsius/SUPER HOT!!!!
25
What type of atoms must be fused together?
4 hydrogen atoms
26
What do they form when combined
Helium
27
When this happens some of the mass is converted over to what
Energy
28
How much mass is converted which creates how much energy
A small mass is converted which creates a lot of energy
29
What did Einstein summarise in his famous equation?
The process of mass being converted over to energy
30
What is this equation?
E = MC squared
31
What does it stand for?
E(energy)=m(matter)times c(the speed of light)Squared
32
What is the basic formula for fusion
4H+energy arrow He+ENERGY
33
The sun is continually doing what?
Converting hydrogen over to helium
34
Thus the sun is losing what by this process
Mass
35
The massive amount of energy that has been converted from a small amount of matter by nuclear fusion is in what form?
The form of electromagnetic radiation
36
What is electromagnetic radiation?
Energy that moves in a wave
37
What are crests?
The highest and lowest points of the wave
38
What is the distance of the wave from crest to crest called?
Wavelength of wave
39
Are the different wavelengths in blocks?
No
40
How are the wavelengths different?
By slight increments
41
What kind of spectrum is electromagnetic radiation
A continuous spectrum
42
What is the portion of electro magnetic radiation that we can see called ?
Visible light
43
Why is the other portion of electro magnetic radiation not visible to us?
It has a wavelength that our eyes cannot detect
44
The different colors of visible that we see are because of what ?
Different wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation
45
What is the spectrum
The rainbow!!🌈🌈
46
List the spectrum from longest to shortest wavelength of visible light
Red orange yellow green blue indigo violet
47
Which is greater the continuum of light that we cannot see or the light which we can see?
continuum of light that we cannot see
48
the Order of light from longest wavelength to shortest wavelength is called what?
The electro magnetic radiation spectrum
49
List The electro magnetic radiation spectrum
Radio wave microwaves radar infrared visible light ultraviolet x rays gamma rays
50
Which are the most dangerous and why out of The electro magnetic radiation spectrum
Ultra violet X rays gamma rays
Cause cancer tans high energy due to higher frequency and shorter wavelengths
51
What is frequency
# of waves pasta point/second
52
What happens to the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation as wave frequency increases 
The wavelength of electromagnetic radiation get shorter 
53
Between what two kinds of electromagnetic radiation is visible light located 
Infrared and ultraviolet 
54
When all the colors of light are combined what happens 
U get White light
55
What is a continuous spectrum
When one colour fades into the next color
56
What is another word for sunlight?
White light
57
When objects become they do what
Gloww
58
Metal in fire glows what colour
Red
59
Each element only emits what?
Certain types wavelengths
60
What are astronomers able to do with the light emitted from stars
Compare the known bright line spectrum from elements with the light emitted from stars
61
What is amothe4 name for the bright line spectrum of each element
Atomic emission spectrum
62
The e
Electrons in an atom are outside the nucleus In what?
In specific energy levels
63
When the atom gets energ what happens?what form?
It jumps an energy level
Electro magnetic radiation
64
What is their energy released called
Photon
65
Yay do photons have/ do3
Specific amount of energy
Moves as a wave has mass has a certain length
66
Photons. Are what u see as what
Light
67
I’d u had a quick emugjy eye what would you see?
Photons coming out of lihjys
68
A light bulbs works by turning hat
Electric exciting a tungsten filament
69
What do the electrons in the filament do
Jump up and down energy levels and produce photon
70
The photons strike ur eye how
In fast bursts and u see light
71
Light moves in what kind of path?
A straight path
72
Light moves at different speeds through different what?
Media
73
What are media?
Anything that light can travel through such as clear plastic,glass, air, water
74
When light enters a medium what does it do
When light enters a medium it changes speed
75
What does this cause the light to do
CHange direction
76
Whaat is this change in direction called?
Refraction
77
What angle is dependent on the angle that the the light hits the surface of the lens?
The angle at which a light wave changed direction in a lens
78
Which angles undergoes no refraction and heavy refraction ?
A 90 degree strike
40 degree strike
79
WHat does a convex lens do?
Causes light rays to converge at a focal point
80
What do concave lenses cause
Causes light rays to diverge
81
An image is made by what lens Where is it located?
By the objective lens in front of the eyepiece
82
What does the eyepiece then do?
Then magnifies the image from the objective lens
83
Thus the eyepiece is the lens that does what to the image?
Makes image more magnified
84
What does the objective lens only do despite how large or small it is?
Only gathers light
85
The more light has one to work with, the more what
Things once can see
86
From the Hr diagram, we know what about the hot stars
The hotter the star the brighter it is
87
What is magnitude
The measure of a stars brightness
88
What was Hipparchus scale for magnitude and what changes have astronomers made
Hipparchus scale used to be 6 levels of brightness but now there is 0 and negatives added on
89
What is apparent magnitude and what is it based on?
How bright the star looks to us
The stars distance from us and the amount of light it emits
90
What is absolute magnitude?
How much light is actually produced
91
What is radial motion?
Radial motion is the stars motion directly toward or away from us
92
Are we able to see how close a star is from us by radial motion?
93
What effect gives of red and blue shift to be able to see how far away a starvis from us?
Doppler effect
94
Name the star sizes from largest to smallest
Hypergiant supergiant giant medium dwarf
95
What is the celestial equator?
The celestial equator is an imaginary line projected into space
96
What is Declan nation?
Declamation is like ladder to do an object is a mesh shirt how north or south of the celestial equator
97
What is recension like?
Longitude
98
What are three differences between right ascension and longitude
Longitude is measured in degrees well, right ascension is measured in hours
 There is no prime meridian for right ascension, but a prime our circle
99
What are ancient stars?
Ancient stars are groups of stars that were seen as forms that were part of myths 
100
What are modern stars?
Areas in the sky that are bamboo straight lines
101
What is the designation for naming stars that is based on the name of the constellation itself 
Bayer designation
102
Name the Greek letter in alphabetical order
Alpha, beta, gamma, delta epsilon, Zeta eta 
103
What do convex and concave mirrors do to light
A convex mirror reflects light off of the outer surface and bulges out towards the viewer. a concave mirror reflects light off of the inner surface of the mirror and bulges away from the viewer
