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Earth Science > Geocentrism > Flashcards

Geocentrism Flashcards

1
Q

What is the belief of the geocentric theory?

A

That the earth is at the center of the world

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2
Q

What are deferents

A

Deferents are crystal/glass spheres mad of quintessence that all have my bodies move on around the earth

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3
Q

Where are the stars located

A

On the outermost deferent called the celestial sphere

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4
Q

What accounts for the planet’s independent motion?

A

The planets are each on their own individual sphere

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5
Q

What are eccentric orbits

A

Eccentric orbits are off centers orbits

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6
Q

What are eccentrics accounted for

A

Eccentrics are accounted for the the varying distances of the planets from the earth(ie Venus is closer and farther away from the earth)

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7
Q

What are epicycles

A

Epicycles are a wheel upon wheel motion

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8
Q

What do epicycles account for

A

Epicycles account for the apparent backward motions of the planets

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9
Q

Who is the Greek philosopher who taught the geocentric theory

A

Hipparchus

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10
Q

Who is Ptolemy ?

A

Ptolemy is another great philosopher who taught the geocentric theory theory persuasively the geocentric theory is also known as the Ptolemaic theory

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11
Q

What are 3 main reasons that the church in the Middle Ages adopted the geocentric theory as religious truth

A

The concept of the prime mover who is God,the fact that hell is in the center of the earth and heaven is outside of it, and Thomas aquinas who took Aristotles arguments into church theology in 1100s ad which set egocentrism into church as the “truth”

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12
Q

What type of motion is the planets orbital movement

A

Violent motion

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13
Q

What are the 2 types of motion?

A

Violent motion and natural motion

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14
Q

What is the cause of natural motion

A

When an element mad up of earth air fire or water returns to it home

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15
Q

What is the cause of violent motion

A

The prime mkver

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16
Q

What did Aristotle think about the celestial bodies

A

He thought that all celestial bodies would eventually stop just like how all objects in motion will eventually stop so therefore there needed to be a supreme being

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17
Q

What does this supreme being do

A

This supreme being keeps the stars and planets in motion by pushed them

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18
Q

What was earth air Fire and Water considered

A

Corruptible and vile

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19
Q

Whhy were the stars and planets considered perfect

A

Because they were mad if a perfect element called quintessence

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20
Q

Where does the prime mover live

A

In the celestial sphere

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21
Q

What and when did Hipparchus discover

A

Trigonometry 160 bc

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22
Q

Was he a geocentric or heliocentrist

A

Geocentrist

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23
Q

What did Hipparchus make

A

The first accurate star map

24
Q

Was Ptolemy a gecocentrist or heliocentrist

A

Geocentrist

25
What is another name for the geocentric theory?Why?
The Ptolemaic theory (this was because he had a large role in improving the theory)
26
What inspired Columbus to sail for India and what was the problem with it
One of Ptolemys maps that he drew but the the size of the orient had been greatly enlarged
27
Why is the heliocentric theory also called the Copernican theory
Because he was the first person to have a major part in the heliocentric theory in modern times
28
What work of his was considered haperesy by the Catholic Church and caused a stir
The revolution his book
29
What are some of the argumentrs that he explains with the heliocentric ocentric theory concerning the atmospheric
The atmosphere actually moves with the earth so we are all traveling at the same speed as the earth
30
Why are stars are hard to see them shift
Because they are too far away
31
Wheat is the term for planets looking like they go back wards
retrograde motion
32
What is retrograde motion
When a planet on a faster orbit passes a slower planet
33
How did he replace the deferents need to explain the Sun
He placed the earth in orbit around the Sun
34
Why did he propose the heliocentric theory
Because it seemed most fitting to him and the math is easiiet which reduced the number of defernts
35
True or false Ty oh brage was a heliocentric at
False
36
Who was tycoon brage
The mist accurate naked eye astronomer
37
Who used his accurate data to further the heliocentric theory
Kepler
38
What is a fun fact about home
He lost his nose over a math comp
39
Using braces data what did Keller propose
Three laws of planetary motion
40
What are the 3 planetary laws of motion
Planets move in ellipses They cover the same area in equal Time Planets travel faster when close to the sun and slower when farther form the sun
41
What sis he do about the planet orbits
He matches an elliptical path of orbits to the planets
42
What relationship did he have with Galileo
He was a contemporary of Galileo and encouraged him to publish his finding
43
Who was Galileo Galilei
The first astronomer to observe the shy with his hand made telescope
44
What did Galileo discover
The laws of falling bodies
45
What is the law of falling bodies
All objects fall at the same rate regardless of mass with no air resistance
46
What else did he discover concerning Saturn
The rings of Saturn the four largest moon if Jupiter(Galilean moon)
47
Why was he put under house arrest
He was teaching heresy according to the Roman Catholicis church
48
What did issac newton dicover
The universal laws of gravity
49
What are the 3 laws of motion
1 an object in motion tends stays in motion in a straight line and an object at rest tends to stay at rest, unless acted upon by an outside force 2 Force =mass times acceleration 3 for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
50
What did he dtermine
The laws do motion
51
What did galileo discover concerning Jupiter
the four largest moon if Jupiter(Galilean moon)
52
What did he discover was on the moon
Mountains and Valleys on the moon
53
What did he discover about the sun and why does it contraduc5 the geocentric theory
The sun has sunspots/blemished which contradicts the belief of the geocentric theory which is that only earth is imperfect cause everything else is made of quintessence a perfect element
54
Complete the timeline of the geocentric and heliocentric history Aristotle—?=? 1517:? 1600:?
Aristotle—-Thomas aquinas=Theology 1517: Reformation 1600 Galileo
55
What did newton invent
The reflection telescope
56
What branch of mathematics did newton discover
Calculus

Earth Science (10 decks)

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