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Fossils Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are fossils?

A

Fossils are any trace or remains of living organisms

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2
Q

What are 5 examples of these remains?

A

Leaves, bones, exoskeletons, eggs, and feces

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3
Q

Where can fossils be found?

A

In rocks or in the ground

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4
Q

Fossils are usually found in what type of rock?

A

Sedimentary rocks

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5
Q

Since organisms decay or are eaten by scavengers, fossils must be quickly covered by what?

A

Since organisms decay or are eaten by scavengers, fossils must be quickly covered by sediments

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6
Q

The covering can take place where?

A

In the bottom of swaps, ponds, as well as during floods

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7
Q

What could have made one of the massive fossil graveyards that have been found?

A

The greAt flood

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8
Q

When an animal is buried by sediments, the organic matter can be replaced by what?

A

Minerals

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9
Q

Essentially the fossils that are found are not bone any longer but what?

A

Actual rock

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10
Q

These rock remains can be the size of what?

A

The size of bacteria to dinosaurs

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11
Q

Was Adam perfect when he was created?

A

Yes but he wasn’t a super human

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12
Q

How smart was Adam when he was created?Why?

A

Very smart because he understood language , tended the earth,named the animals,and was expected to obey commands

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13
Q

How long did Adam live?

A

930 years

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14
Q

A number of generations after Cain, what kinds of things were people doing for occupations?

A

Keeping animals, playing music, metal work, living in tents

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15
Q

How long did Seth live?

A

912

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16
Q

How long did Enosh live?

A

905 years

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17
Q

How long did Kenan live?

A

912

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18
Q

How long did Mahalalel live?

A

895 years

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19
Q

How much do u think these men knew?

A

Due to living for so long, these men had a ton of experience and knowledge

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20
Q

Do u think they knew things that we do not know today?

A

Yes(ie farming, building)

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21
Q

If these men were so intelligent, what happened to their knowledge

A

It was lost

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22
Q

What major event happened after the lifetime of the men listed?

A

The flood

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23
Q

How much technology and knowledge do you think was lost as a result of this flood?

A

A lot

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24
Q

How would the majority of the technology at that time be saved?

A

Noah’s memory

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25
Q

True/FalseSo many ideas were lost but many ideas and much knowledge were retained.

A

True

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26
Q

WHat is the major event in human history after the flood

A

Tower of babbel

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27
Q

What happened at the Tower of Babel?

A

Languages were confused

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28
Q

Did the different speaking groups all stay together or did they spread out

A

They spread out

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29
Q

What do you think happened to the accumulated knowledge as man spread out

A

The accumulated knowledge would decrease due to spreading out and different languages

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30
Q

Picture the earth now filling with different people groups.Different groups are beginning to look different from each other, and they are speaking different languages.Now, are people by nature sinful or righteous?

A

Sinful by nature

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31
Q

What might happen between 2 people groups that are in an area that is somewhat close to each other?

A

They fight/War

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32
Q

What would some people do to escape?

A

Flee

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33
Q

Where would a person who did this live?

A

In a cave

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34
Q

What types of things do u think they would have with them?

A

Food, weapons, flint and stone,plow, gun, seeds/survival gear

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35
Q

True/False somebody running from a war or a group of people spreading out doesn’t even sound like a caveman

A

False

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36
Q

Why are buildings that are 500 years old relatively rare in Europe but the Roman’s buildings have lasted thousands of years?

A

When they were overrun by the barbarians, they lost the knowledge and technology of making concrete

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37
Q

What was a result of the loss of this knowledge?

A

Concrete was not known for over a thousand years in Europe after the Roman’s lost the technique

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38
Q

Are caveman smart or stupid?

A

Smart

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39
Q

Do they seem able to plan, build, etc?

A

Yes

40
Q

Does the normal view of caveman seem to be that caveman are smart or stupid?

A

Stupid

41
Q

Why do many people think that cavemen are stupid?

A

Many people think that caveman are stupid because they believe that we evolved from apes

42
Q

What is another reason as to why cavemen lived in caves?Give an example of people who swelled in caves that were not escaping wars

A

Caves make good dwellings
Neanderthals

43
Q

The modern view of man’s evolution says what?

A

That we are increasing in intelligence

44
Q

What does the increase in technology causes?

A

This causes a social evolution from limited technology to great technology

45
Q

True/False Past civilizations had flying lugs and technological advances were gained

A

False while past civilizations might have not been blessed with computers or cars. The technological advancements ebbed and flowed , meaning at times there was great technology gain and great technology loss

46
Q

What OOP ART has been found that suggests a great wealth of knowledge from the first century b.c.

A

An analog computing device from the first century b.c.

47
Q

What are three similar designs that are common on South America and Africa?

A

Similar designs of pyramids, towers, and boats

48
Q

What is an OOP ART that has been discovered in South America

A

Statues with African facial features

49
Q

What do these statues suggest?

A

An ability to voyage between these two continents

50
Q

What would be difficult to move today but were transported many miles by ancients?

A

Massive stones

51
Q

What were these massive stones used for building?

A

Pyramids, Stonehenge, and other building on multiple continents

52
Q

Where were primitive batteries found and when do they date?

A

Primitive batteries were found in Iraq dating around 100 BC to 100 AD

53
Q

What did Nazca Indians do to their dead?

A

They sent their dead up in hot air balloons(apparently)

54
Q

Each time one of these discoveries is announced, people again begin to believe what?

A

That evolution is irrefutable

55
Q

The evidence should go to show what?

A

That time will tell the truth about fossils

56
Q

What are polystrate fossils?

A

Fossils that extend through many layers of sediments

57
Q

What are three types of polystrate fossils?

A

Trees, fish, whales

58
Q

This shows what about those particular sediment layers?

A

This shows that those particular sediment layers were laid down rapidly rather than over long periods of time

59
Q

What is an example of a place where logs can became polystrate fossils,s?

A

Spirit lake

60
Q

What did mount saint helens do to spirit lake

A

Mount saint Helen’s put 600 feet of sediments into some places of spirit lake

61
Q

Logs did what?

A

Logs also slid into the lake vertically and sank, with some becoming covered with 3 feet of sediment

62
Q

What is coal?

A

A solid fossil fuel

63
Q

What does coal form from?

A

Plant remains

64
Q

What does evolution say about coal formation?

A

Millions of years ago, swampy areas were covered by sediments and the pressure formed coal

65
Q

What does creation say about the formation of coal?

A

Plants died in the flood and were buried under sediments and the pressure from water and sediments turned the plants to coal

66
Q

What is oil

A

Liquid fossil fuel

67
Q

How did oil form?

A

From marine organisms and found associated with sedimentary rocks that formed from sea water

68
Q

Natural gas is in what state?

A

In the gaseous state

69
Q

How did natural gas form?

A

Possibly from the creation of oil in the earth from marine organisms

70
Q

Carnivore or herbivore?
Pterodactyl
Triceratops
Stegosaurus
Diplodocus
Tyrannosaurus rex
Deinonychus
Velociraptor

A

Pterodactyl carnivore
Triceratops herbivore
Stegosaurus herbivore
Diplodocus herbivore
Tyrannosaurus rex carnivore
Deinonychus carnivore
Velociraptor carnivore 

71
Q

Which of the dinosaurs was the largest of the carnivores? 

A

T-Rex

72
Q

What are gastroliths?

A

Gastroliths are stones that dinosaurs swallowed to aid in digestion

73
Q

Name 4examples on Fossils that can be preserved in incredibly fine detail

A

Feathers, eggs, nests, proteins in the skin

74
Q

What is fossilized feces called 

A

coprolite

75
Q

What are cast fossils?

A

Fossilized tracks and other imprints

76
Q

What do evolutionary scientists believe about reptiles? 

A

That they evolved into birds

77
Q

What do creationist believe about aquatic and flying animals land animals amdmen? 

A

That they were created on day five and the land animals are men were created on day six

78
Q

What are mammoths

A

Mammoths were large elephants 

79
Q

In what condition have mammoths been found?

A

Many have been found flash frozen with food in their mouth and stomach’s

80
Q

True/false no man this happen found fully intact and me,Ted unlike when living

A

False Mammoths have been found completely intact and totally frozen just as they were when they lived

81
Q

What is a hominid fossil supposedly?What would they be considered?

A

A hominid fossil is supposedly an evolutionarily ancestor of humans that shows both characteristics of man and ape.They would be considered missing links

82
Q

What fossil was considered a hominid but is now classified as as fully human?And why?

A

Neanderthal man.The evolutionary bias of scientists caused them to misinterpret Neanderthal’s for decades. 

83
Q

What was piltdown man?

A

A fraud or hoax that people believed for many years to be a true evolutionary ancestor of humans

84
Q

What are 2 examples of fossils that are no longer considered to be hominids

A

Nebraska man and Java man

85
Q

What is the main lesson with the hominids? 

A

The main lesson with the hominids is that over and over fossils are declared to be hominids and then they are changed to no longer be actual hominids 

86
Q

What is Lucy considered ?

A

Lucy is currently considered the most complete, oldest hominid, but it’s probably merely an extinct species of ape 

87
Q

What are the La Brea tar pits?

A

The labrea tar pits are pits of natural sticky tar called asphalt where thousands of animals were trapped

88
Q

Name 3 examples of skeletons that have been found 

A

Giant ground sloths, sabertooth cats, mammoths 

89
Q

What is Amber?

A

Amber is sticky pine sap that has solidified that sometimes contains small fossils

90
Q

Name five examples of small fossils that can be found in Amber

A

Plants, insects, birds, spiders, and scorpions 

91
Q

Call oil and natural gas are examples of what 

A

Fossil fuels 

92
Q

What can peat bogs do?

A

Peat bogs can hold dead humans and animals for thousands of years without allowing them to decay

93
Q

Relate the acceptance of Piltdown man, and Neanderthal man to the acceptance of evolution in our culture 

A

Even when the facts of these fossils were proven wrong evolutions stuck as scientific truth in our culture 

94
Q

What is a trilobite

A

A trilobite is a common fossil that consist of three lobes and belongs to the phylum Arthropoda

95
Q

What is the process of carbonization

A

Compression of the original organism results in thin layers of carbon.

Earth Science (10 decks)

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