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Physics > Light and Sound > Flashcards

Light and Sound Flashcards

Please check OneNote ➡️ Light and Sound for more detailed information e.eg. How a wave diagram looks like?

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1
Q

What can a wave only transfer?

A

Waves only transfer energy.

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2
Q

What are some types of waves?

A

Sound waves, light waves and radio waves.

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3
Q

What is a wave?

A

A wave is the transfer energy. A wave does not transfer a matter(object).

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4
Q

What are two types of waves?

A

A longitudinal wave and a transverse wave.

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5
Q

How does a longitudinal wave and a transverse wave look like?

A

Pleas see on OneNote. Light and Sound➡️What is wave? After checking put a 5 as a confidence when revealing flashcard answer.

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6
Q

What is a wavelength?

A

Distance from one peak/crest to another.

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7
Q

What is a frequency?

A

The number of waves that pass in a second.

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8
Q

What is frequency measured in?

A

Hertz (Hz)

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9
Q

What is an amplitude?

A

The distance from the crest to the baseline.

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10
Q

What is an example of atransverse wave?

A

Light wave.

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11
Q

What is a type of longitudinal wave?

A

Sound wave.

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12
Q

What is a compression when we are talking about longitudinal waves.

A

The region of a sound wave where particles are close together

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13
Q

What are rarefactions when we are talking about longitudinal waves?

A

The region of a sound wave where particles are far apart.

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14
Q

What is sound?

A

Sound is the vibration of air particles.

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15
Q

Do sound waves have rarefactions or compressions?

A

They have both rarefactions and compressions.

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16
Q

What does a loud sound have?

A

A loud sound has a high amplitude.

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17
Q

What does a low sound have?

A

A low sound has a small amplitude.

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18
Q

If a sound has a high pitch it has what?

A

If a sound has a high pitch it has a high frequency.

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19
Q

If a sound has a low pitch it has what?

A

If a sound has a low pitch it has low frequency.

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20
Q

What are complex sound waves converted to?

A

Complex sound waves are converted into single frequencies by the brain so we can hear different sounds.

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21
Q

What can sound travel through?

A

Sound can travel through air, water or glass but not a vacuum (no air).

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22
Q

What is the speed of a sound?

A

Approximately 330 metres per second.

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23
Q

What factors affect the speed of sound?

A

Temperature and densities of the materials and the elasticity of the material.

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24
Q

How does the density of a material affect the speed of a sound?

A

The low density, the faster the speed of the sound. The higher the density, the slower the speed of the sound.

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25
Q

Does sound travel through air faster than water?

A

Yes.

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26
Q

How does temperature affect the speed of sound?

A

The hotter the temperature the faster, the speed of the sound. The lower the temperature, the slower the sound.

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27
Q

Which direction does longitudinal wave propagate?

A

Backwards and forwards.

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28
Q

What does a propagate?

A

Propagating means the direction the waves are moving.

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29
Q

What angle does a particle of transverse wave propagate to?

A

The particles that make a transverse wave are moving at 90 degrees to the wave is propagating.

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30
Q

What types of waves go into the family: Electromagnetic/f Wave (that are transverse)? (The question does not have a typo)

A

Light, microwaves, x-rays, radio waves and ultra violet waves.

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31
Q

How much quicker is light than sound?

A

Light travels about a million times faster than sound.

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32
Q

Why can light travel through space but sound can’t?

A

Because it doesn’t have a medium to travel through where sound does.

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33
Q

What is the difference between a light wave and sound wave?

A

Light is a transverse wave where sound is a longitudinal wave.

34
Q

What does sound travel as?

A

Sound travesty as mechanical waves.

35
Q

What does light travel as?

A

Light travel as electromagnetic waves.

36
Q

Do both light and sound waves transfer energy?

A

Yes

37
Q

What do a light and sound wave have?

A

They have an amplitude, wavelength and frequency.

38
Q

How many Hertz are there in KiloHertz?

A

1000

39
Q

What is the unit for KiloHertz?

A

kHz

40
Q

What are sounds above 20KHz called?

A

Ultrasound.

41
Q

How does the amplitude affect the volume of the sound?

A

The greater the amplitude, the louder the sound. The smaller the amplitude, the lower the sound.

42
Q

How does frequency affect the pitch of the sound?

A

The greater the frequency the greater the pitch. The lower the frequency, the lower the pitch.

43
Q

What does an oscilloscope look like?

A

Search on Google.

44
Q

How do we know that light can travel through a vacuum?

A

Light can travel through a vacuum (space) because we can see distant stars.

45
Q

What letter do we use to represent the speed of light?

A

C

46
Q

What is the speed of light?

A

3 x 10 to the power of 8 m/s.

47
Q

What is lateral inversion?

A

When light is reflected at a surface e.g. (mirror) the image is laterally inverted.

48
Q

What are two signs of lateral inversion?

A

When looking through a mirror the right hand appears to be on the left hand side in the mirror, the image in the mirror is further away compared to the real image.

49
Q

Why do we see objects as different colours?

A

The colour of an object is determined by the colour of light reflected.

50
Q

Why are black objects the color black?

A

Absorb all the visible light and the object is heated up.

51
Q

Why is the white object the colour white?

A

White objects are white because it reflects all the visible light.

52
Q

Why is an object red?

A

Because all the colours are absorbed except for the red light which is reflected.

53
Q

What is meant by transmission of light?

A

When light passes through a substance.

54
Q

What is the rule surrounding the transmission of light?

A

The more cloudy or colourful a liquid is the less light can be transmitted.

55
Q

How can we change the colour of objects?

A

Filters allow us to change the light that passes through the filter e.g. a red filter will only allow red light to pass through and it will absorb all the other colours.

56
Q

Why is it that when when we look at something we are actually always looking into the past?

A

Because it takes three nanoseconds for the light to reach our eyes.

57
Q

What is refraction of light?

A

When light goes from one medium to another e.g. air➡️solid➡️liquid.

58
Q

Hoe does a diagram show the light of refraction?

A

Go on OneNote.

59
Q

How does the density of a solid affect the refraction of light?

A

The more denser the solid will slow down the light and move it towards the centre line. The less denser the solid will cause the light to speed up and move away from the centre line.

60
Q

Go on OneNote to check concave lens and convex lens.

A
61
Q

What are rays of light shown as on a diagram?

A

Rays of light are shown as straight lines.

62
Q

What is the law of reflection?

A

The angle of the incident ray is equal to the angle of the reflected ray.

63
Q

What does the pinhole camera contain?

A

Contains a small hole where light can pass through.

64
Q

Where is the image projected onto?

A

The image is projected onto the back of the camera.

65
Q

What should the image look like?

A

The image should be invented on the back of the camera.

66
Q

What is meant by the incident ray of light?

A

The ray of light that hits the object.

67
Q

How could I make the image of a pinhole camera smaller?

A

Zoom in.

68
Q

How could I make the image in a pinhole camera bigger?

A

Zoom out.

69
Q

What is meant when we say a pinhole camera’s image is inverted?

A

The image shown is upside down.

70
Q

What is light energy?

A

Light energy is a wave, which carries energy from one place to another. When light energy hits a surface, the energy is absorbed.

71
Q

What is the effect of light absorption:photosynthesis?

A

Photosynthesis➡️ Plant absorbs light energy➡️ makes glucose (chemical energy)➡️ respiration➡️energy.

72
Q

What is the affect of light absorption (2)?

A

Some organisms absorb light energy.

73
Q

What are LDRs (light-dependant- resistors) used for?

A

LDRs are used to detect light levels,for example in automatic security lights.

74
Q

How does the resistance of an LDR change with light intensity?

A

The resistance of an LDR decreases as the light intensity increases.

75
Q

What is the behavior of an LDR in the dark or at low light levels?

A

In the dark or at low light levels, the resistance of an LDR is high, and little current can flow through it.

76
Q

How do streetlights come on at night using LDRs?

A

The change in the amount of light detected by the LDR changes the current, triggering the streetlights to come on.

77
Q

What role does vitamin D play in our health?

A

Vitamin D spurs bone growth and boosts the immune system. Without it, we’re at high risk of conditions such as osteoporosis.

78
Q

How is vitamin D produced in the body?

A

When our skin is exposed to sunlight, it manufactures vitamin D. The sun’s ultraviolet B (UVB) rays interact with a protein called 7-DHC in the skin, converting it into vitamin D3, the active form of vitamin D.

79
Q

Why is sunlight exposure important for our health?

A

Sunlight exposure is crucial for our health because it enables the production of vitamin D, which is essential for bone health and a strong immune system.

80
Q

How does the retina of the eye respond to light?

A

The retina contains cells sensitive to light that produce electrical impulses when they absorb light. These impulses are transmitted along the optic nerve to the brain, where they are interpreted as vision.

81
Q

What is a similarity between the human eye and a simple camera?

A

Both the human eye and a simple camera have a lens to focus light. In the eye, light is focused on the light-sensitive retina, while in a simple camera, light is focused on light-sensitive photographic film.

82
Q
A

Physics (3 decks)

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