Light and Optics Vocab Flashcards
Angle of Incidence
The angle between the incident ray and the normal
Angle of reflection
Angle between the normal and the refllected ray
Angle of refraction
the angle between the refracted ray and the normal
Concave
curving inwards
Convex
curving outwards
Cones
a cone-shaped cell in the retina that detects color
Incident ray
the light that strikes a reflecting/refracting material
Iris
Coloured ring in the eye that works like a diaphragm in a camera
Iris reflex
when the pupil size automatically adjusts to different levels of light
Laws of reflection
- 2 main predictable behaviours of reflected light
1. angle of reflection equal to angle of incidence
2. incident ray, normal, and reflected ray are all in the same place
Lens
curved, transparent material where the light rays bend as they pass through
Light
form of energy that we can see
Normal
A reference line drawn perpendicular to a reflecting surface where an incident ray hits
Opaque
when NO light can pass through
Optics
Study of sight and light behavior
Pupil
the dark opening that’s in the centre of the eye
Ray
a single line of light that comes from a light source that can bounce off a surface it hits
Ray diagram
a straight line with an arrow that’s used to show the path of light
Reflected ray
The light that comes off a reflecting surface
Reflecting telescope
Telescope that has a CONCAVE mirror to see rays of light from a far-away object
Reflection
when a surface reflecrs light
Refraction
when light bends when it travels between mediums
Refracting telescope
Telescope that has a CONVEX lense to focus on light from a distant item, and an eyepiece lens to magnify it
Retina
area at the BACK OF THE EYE; sensitive to light
Rods
cylinder-like cells in the retina that detect the PRESENCE of light
Transluscent
only some light that ISN’T STRAIGHT is passing through
Transparent
allowing light through
4 properties of light
- light travels in straight lines
- light can be reflected
- light can be refracted
- light is a form of energy
5 examples of light
- Incandescent light
- Fluorescent light
- Phosphorescent light
- Chemiluminescent light
- Bioluminescent light
Incandescent light
emission of visible light by hot objects
fluorescent light
glow caused by absorption of high-energy ultraviolet light (UV)
Phosphorescent light
visible light is emitted over an extended period of time, instead of at once (similar to fluorescent light)
Chemiluminescent light
when a chemical reaction produces visible light energy
Bioluminescent light
light produced in living creatures
White items…
REFLECTS light
black items…
ABSORB light
White light is…
Mixture of all the colors
If the angle of Incidence is 57 degrees, what is the angle of reflection?
57 degrees
- this is because of the laws of reflection; angle of incidence equals angle of reflection
Types of mirrors
- Plane mirrors
- Concave Mirrors
- Convex mirrors
what does a concave mirror do?
- it can produce inverted images
- magnified images
- converging mirror
What does a convex mirror do?
- appear smaller in reflection
- upright
-diverging mirror
What lens do you use to fix nearsightedness?
Concave lens
What lens do you use to correct farsightedness?
Convex lens
What is the retina similar to in a camera?
Film- area sensitive to light, records an image when exposed to light
Cornea
Transparent layer forming the front of our eye
