Light Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Law of Reflection?

A

i = r

angle of incidence = angle of reflection

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2
Q

(Practical) How do you investigate reflection?

A
  1. Use a vertically upright plane mirror.
  2. Mark out a dotted line on the paper for a normal
  3. Label the intersection of the normal and mirror as ‘x’
  4. Switch the ray box on, direct it to point ‘x’
  5. measure i and r
  6. repeat!
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3
Q

What are the properties of a mirror image?

A
  1. sizes are the same
  2. distance from plane mirror is the same as distance from the virtual image
  3. Image is laterally inverted.
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4
Q

Refraction of Light

A

Refraction is when light experiences a change of speed at the boundary of two optical media.

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5
Q

(Practical) Investigating Refraction:

A
  1. Place a glass block on a sheet of paper
  2. trace along it
  3. Use a ray box to shine a light through the glass back at the normal (control)
  4. Use another one to shine a light through the glass block at an angle
  5. trace the incident ray and refracted ray
  6. choose various angles.
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6
Q

What is Snell’s Law?

A

sin i / sin r = constant

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7
Q

What is the refractive index?

A

n = c / v

n = speed of light in a vacuum / speed of light in the medium

speed of light = 3.0 x 108m/s

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8
Q

What is total internal reflection?

A

Total internal reflection can only occur when an optically denser medium to a less dense medium.

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9
Q

What is a critical angle?

A

The critical angle is the angle of incidence for which the angle of refraction - to a less dense medium - is 90o

If the angle of incidence is larger than the critical angle, total internal reflection occurs.

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10
Q

What equation can help find the critical angle?

A

n = 1 / sin c

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11
Q

How is total internal reflection applied?

A
  1. Glass Prisms
  2. Optical Fibres (light does not escape even if bent. higher carrying capacity, ;less signal degradation, cheaper)
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12
Q

What determines the path of light through a lens?

A

Converging Lenses (Thicker at the Center): eye-shaped; half-eye shaped; beginning bracket

Diverging Lenses (Thinner at the center): Pillar-like; outer straight bracket; outer bracket

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13
Q

Parts of Thin Converging Lenses

A

Principal Axis: horizontal line through the center

principle focus: where all the rays converge

focal length: distance between C and F

optical centre: midpoint of surfaces of the lens

focal plane: passes through focal point, perpendicular to the principal axis.

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