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Chemistry > Ligand Substitution: Colour Changes And Reactions > Flashcards

Ligand Substitution: Colour Changes And Reactions Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the colour when copper (ii) sulphate is dissolved in water?

A

Pale blue

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2
Q

What is the precipitate seen when ammonia is initially added to Copper (ii) sulphate?

A

Cu(OH)2

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3
Q

What is formed when excess ammonia is added to Copper (ii) Sulphate?

A

[Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4]2+

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4
Q

What is the colour of [Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4]2+ solution?

A

Dark blue

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5
Q

Why do only 4 chloride ions substitute the 6 H2O ligands?

A

The chloride ligands are larger in size and therefore fewer chloride ligands can fit around the Cu2+ ion

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6
Q

What is the colour change when [Cu(H2O)6]2+ solution is added to an excess of concentrated HCL?

A

Pale blue to yellow

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7
Q

Why will an intermediate green solution be seen when adding conc. HCL to [Cu(H2O)6]2+?

A

The yellow product solution and reactant solution mixing as the reaction proceeds.

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8
Q

How does the coordination number change when adding conc. HCL to [Cu(H2O)6]2+

A

Coordination number decreases from 6 to 4.

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9
Q

What is the shape of the complex ion formed by adding conc. HCL to [Cu(H2O)6]

A

Tetrahedral

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10
Q

What dissolved compound forms [Cr(H2O)6]3+ ions?

A

KCr(SO4)2 • 12(H2O)

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11
Q

What colour solution does [Cr(H2O)6]3+ form?

A

Pale purple

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12
Q

What complex ion forms a green solution?

A

[Cr(H2O)5 SO4]+

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13
Q

When Chromium (iii) Sulfate is dissolved in water what complex ion is formed?

A

[Cr(H2O)5 SO4]+

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14
Q

What is the equation for ligand substitution of [Cu(H2O)6]2+ with ammonia?

A

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq)+ 4NH3(aq) -> [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+ (aq) + 4 H2O

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15
Q

What is the colour change when excess ammonia is added to [Cr(H2O)6]3+?

A

pale purple -> purple

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16
Q

What is the complex ion product when excess ammonia is added to [Cr(H20)6]3+

A

[Cr(NH3)6]3+(aq)

17
Q

What is the intermediate grey-green product formed when ammonia is added to [Cr(H2O)6]3+

A

Cr(OH)3

18
Q

What is the equation of the reaction between excess conc. HCL and [Cu(H2O)6]2+?

A

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + 4Cl-(aq) -> [CuCl4]2- (aq) + 6H2O(l)

19
Q

What is the equation of the reaction between excess ammonia and [Cr(H2O)6]3+?

A

[Cr(H2O)6]3+(aq) + 6NH3(aq) -> [Cr(NH3)6]3+(aq) + 6H2O

20
Q

What is the equation for the precipitation reaction with NaOH + Cu2+

A

Cu2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) -> Cu(OH)2(s)

21
Q

What is the colour change in the reaction with NaOH and Cu2+

A

blue solution -> blue precipitate

22
Q

Which ions are insoluble in excess NaOH during precipitation reactions

A

Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Mn2+

23
Q

What is the equation for the precipitation reaction with NaOH and Fe2+

A

Fe2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) -> Fe(OH)2(s)

24
Q

What is the equation for the precipitation reaction with NaOH and Fe2+ when in air

A

Fe(OH)2(s) -> Fe(OH)3(s)

25
Q

What is the colour change in the precipitation reaction NaOH + Fe2+

A

pale green solution -> green precipitate

26
Q

What colour change is observed when Fe2+ reacts with NaOH in air

A

turns brown at its surface

27
Q

What is the equation for the precipitation reaction with NaOH and Fe3+

A

Fe3+(aq) + 3OH- (aq) -> Fe(OH)3(s)

28
Q

What is the colour change observed for the precipitation reaction with NaOH and Fe3+

A

pale yellow solution -> orange/brown precipitate

29
Q

What is the equation for the precipitation reaction between NaOH and Mn2+

A

Mn2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) -> Mn(OH)2(s)

30
Q

What is the colour change observed for the precipitation reaction with NaOH and Mn2+

A

Pale pink solution -> light brown precipitate

31
Q

What happens to the colour of Mn(OH)3 in air

A

it darkens in standing air

32
Q

What is the equation for the precipitate reaction with NaOH and Cr3+

A

Cr3+(aq) + 3OH-(aq) -> Cr(OH)3(s)

33
Q

What is the colour change observed for the precipitate reaction between NaOH and Cr3+

A

pale purple -> grey/green precipitate

34
Q

What is the equation for the precipitate reaction with Cr3+ and NaOH when excess NaOH has been added

A

Cr(OH)3(s) + 3OH-(aq) -> [Cr(OH)6]3-(aq)

35
Q

What is the colour change observed for the precipitate reaction with Cr3+ and NaOH when excess NaOH has been added

A

grey/green precipitate -> dark green solution

Chemistry (24 decks)

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