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A&P 1 > Lifespan Final > Flashcards

Lifespan Final Flashcards

1
Q

Development begins when?

A

conception

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2
Q

Socioeconomic status means what?

A

social standing of a class

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3
Q

What is DNA?

A

hereditary material in humans

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4
Q

What is a teratogen?

A

causes malfunction in embryo; birth defects- alcohol, drugs, caffeine, extreme maternal stress

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5
Q

How much alcohol is safe in pregancy?

A

0; 0-4-9 (zero for nine months)

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6
Q

A baby born before 37 weeks is called?

A

pre-term

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7
Q

You hear mom is suffering from sadness, anxiety, and inability to deal with daily tasks, what could it be?

A

postpartum depression

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8
Q

What is lateralization as it relates to brain development?

A

The view that certain functions are performed by distinct regions of the brain

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9
Q

According to Piaget, what are schemes?

A

actions or mental representations that organize knowledge- behavioral or mental

structured by simple actions that can be performed on objects (in infants)

older children have schemes that include strategies and plans for solving problems

use and adapt schemes by assimilation (using existing schemes to deal with new information or experiences) or accommodation (adjusting schemes to fit new information and experiences)

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10
Q

What does Piaget call when a baby knows that there is a toy behind your back that he just played with?

A

object permanence

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11
Q

How do neurons change the first year?

A

number & density increases

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12
Q

A baby is shown a toy several times, then loses interest in it. What does this demonstrate?

A

habituation

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13
Q

When a parent describes their child as “easy”, “difficult”, or “slow to warm”, what are they referring to?

A

temperament

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14
Q

Know Erikson’s stages/ be familiar with Piaget

A

Erikson’s 8 Stages
Trust vs mistrust- first year
Autonomy vs shame and doubt- 1-3
Initiative vs guilt- early childhood 3-5
Industry vs inferiority- mid & late childhood 6- puberty
Identity vs identity confusion- adolescence 10-20
Intimacy vs isolation- early adulthood 20s and 30s
Generativity vs stagnation- mid adulthood 40s and 50s
Integrity vs despair- late adulthood 60s onward

Piaget- children go through 4 stages of cognitive development as they actively construct their understanding of the world
driven by motor processes- organization and adaptation
sensorimotor- birth to 2
preoperational- 2 to 7
concrete operational- 7 to 11
formal operational- 11 onwards

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15
Q

What is social referencing?

A

infants use affective displays of adults to regulate their behavior

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16
Q

A little girl likes to play dolls, dress up and tea party, while a boy likes trucks, cars, and wrestling. What kind of behavior is this?

A

gender play

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17
Q

What type of parenting is evident when limits are set on children, but encouraging independence?

A

authoritative parenting

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18
Q

What do you call a parent with virtually no restrictions?

A

indulgent

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19
Q

In learning disabilities, do boys or girls seem to be identified more?

A

boys

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20
Q

What can be seen with a child with obesity, anxiety, depression, possible suicide and deliquency?

A

bullying

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21
Q

What is the difference between anorexia and bulimia?

A

anorexia- no binging/purging, starving self, low body weight

bulimia- binge/purge via vomiting, laxatives, diuretics and typically have normal body weight

22
Q

What is the term used when an adolescent thinks he is much better at something than others?

A

*ego centrism, top dog phenomenon?

23
Q

Do individuals exercise more or less as they age?

A

less

24
Q

What is the more cited factor in adolescent suicide?

A

substance abuse

25
Q

What is BED? Who is it more common in?

A

binge eating disorder; females

26
Q

What are some symptoms of menopause?

A

night sweats, irregular periods, mood changes, weight gain

27
Q

What is the most likely factor of erectile dysfunction?

A

age, stress, anxiety or depression, heart die

28
Q

What is crystallized intelligence?

A

ability to utilize skills and knowledge aquired via prior learning

29
Q

What is true regarding age identity?

A

As adults become older their age identity is younger than their chronological age.

30
Q

As it relates to grief, what is “tend and befriend” pattern?

A

looking for a “replacement”

31
Q

Who tends to keep stress in their system longer?

A

men

32
Q

Stress can be related to prolonged stress is what?

A

chronic stress, increased cortisol levels

33
Q

As we age, what happens to our brain size and weight

A

both begin to decline

34
Q

What shrinks with aging (part of brain)?

A

pre-frontal cortex

35
Q

You are admitted to a nursing home. What is a factor that would make you do better in acclimating?

A

having some sort of control over decisions

36
Q

What types of pain are associated with aging?

A

lower back pain, osteoarthritis, bone or joint pain, pelvic pain, carpal tunnel, muscle strain, headaches

37
Q

What is episodic memory?

A

ability to recall and mentally re-experience specific episodes from ones past

38
Q

What is dementia?

A

general term for loss of memory, language, problem solving, so much it interferes with daily life

39
Q

When does Alzheimer’s disease generally develop?

A

symptoms begin to appear in mid 60s

40
Q

What does Baltes and his associates say about wisdom?

A

“wisdom as expertise in the conduct and meaning of life”

41
Q

What are symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?

A

tremors, loss of smell, trouble sleeping and walking

42
Q

Where do the majority of over 80-year-old people live?

A

assisted living/nursing home

43
Q

What is the first sign of Alzheimers?

A

memory loss

44
Q

What is it called when a patient self-administers lethal medication

A

death with dignity act

45
Q

What is neuroticism as it is related to Big Five factors of personality?

A

emotional stability- calm or anxious; secure or insecure; self-satisfied or self-pitying

46
Q

What do you know about brain death?

A

patient’s will not regain consciousness or ability to breathe without life support

47
Q

What is euthanasia and what are the types?

A

painless killing of a patient w/terminal disease:

active- lethal injection
passive- withholding life support

48
Q

What is the difference between palliative care and hospice?

A

Palliative care- comfort care with or without curative intent; not limited to any amount of time; in addition to primary care

Hospice- comfort care without curative intent; dedicated to last 6 months of a person’s life; primary care that is taken over

49
Q

Know Elizabeth Kubler Ross DABDA

A

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

50
Q

Deaths that are sudden, violent or traumatic can do what?

A

trigger psychological responses

51
Q

You go in to talk to a dying person. What should you do to increase your ability to really talk and listen?

A

turn off the TV

A&P 1 (11 decks)

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