Lifespan Approach to PT for Pediatric Conditions Flashcards
Week 1
What are the key frameworks for pediatric clinical reasoning?
Top-down approach, Bottom-up approach, ICF model
What is the top-down approach in pediatric PT?
Focuses on the child’s goals and participation first, then assesses body functions and structures.
When is the bottom-up approach appropriate?
Used in medical or acute conditions, differential diagnosis, and eligibility for IDEA-funded services.
What are the developmental domains in pediatric evaluation?
Gross motor, Fine motor, Cognition, Communication, Adaptive/Self-help.
How do ICF categories relate to pediatric evaluation?
They help assess activity limitations, participation restrictions, and environmental/personal factors.
Which ICF categories are best explored during a patient/family interview?
Personal and environmental factors, activity limitations, and participation restrictions.
What factors influence the pediatric plan of care?
Diagnosis, prognosis, frequency, duration, family priorities, and child’s potential for improvement.
What are the 6 F-Words of Childhood Disability?
Function, Family, Fitness, Friends, Fun, Future.
What is family-centered care?
An approach recognizing that the family is the constant in the child’s life and should be involved in care decisions.
What are key values of family-centered care?
Emphasis on strengths, family choice, and collaborative relationships.
What are common stressors for families raising a child with a disability?
Limited support, financial strain, social isolation, and navigating care systems.
What are the principles of trauma-informed care?
Safety, trustworthiness, choice, collaboration, and empowerment.
How do Adverse Childhood Events (ACEs) impact children with disabilities?
They increase the risk of developmental, behavioral, and emotional challenges.
How can trauma-informed care be applied in pediatric PT?
Providing a safe environment, using patient-centered communication, and acknowledging past trauma.
What are the different models of team interaction?
Multidisciplinary, Interdisciplinary, Transdisciplinary, Collaborative.
What are the benefits of an interdisciplinary model?
Improved communication, shared goals, and a holistic approach to care.
Who are members of the early intervention or school team?
PTs, OTs, SLPs, educators, psychologists, social workers, and family members.
What challenges exist in transitioning to adulthood for children with disabilities?
Access to medical care, independent living, employment, and social participation.
What role does the PT play in transition to adulthood?
Assisting with mobility, self-care, vocational training, and promoting fitness.
What are key factors in successful transition planning?
Early preparation, self-advocacy training, and identifying community resources.
What are the key components of a pediatric evaluation?
History, systems review, tests & measures, and family interview.
What are common standardized measures used in pediatrics?
Peabody (PDMS-2), BOT-2, GMFM, Bayley Scales, Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI).
What is the purpose of norm-referenced tests?
To compare an individual’s performance to a normative sample.
What is the purpose of criterion-referenced tests?
To assess performance based on predetermined criteria, not against peers.
What factors determine PT frequency in pediatrics?
Severity of impairments, prognosis, caregiver availability, and response to intervention.
What is the goal of pediatric PT?
To help children achieve their highest level of functional independence.
What are key elements of skilled observation in pediatric PT?
Observing natural movement, documenting engagement, and assessing environmental factors.
What are key legislations guiding pediatric PT?
ADA, IDEA (Part B & C), Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act.
What does IDEA Part B cover?
Special education services for children aged 3-21.
What does IDEA Part C cover?
Early intervention services for infants and toddlers (birth-3 years).
What is the importance of assistive technology in pediatric PT?
It enhances mobility, communication, and participation in daily activities.
What are common pediatric PT settings?
Early intervention, schools, outpatient clinics, hospitals, and sports settings.
What is a medical home in pediatric care?
A coordinated, patient-centered approach to healthcare for children with disabilities.
What does the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) ensure?
Prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all public and private spaces open to the general public.
What does Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act cover?
Ensures children with disabilities have equal access to education, accommodations, and services in federally funded programs.
What is the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)?
A law that provides free and appropriate public education (FAPE) to children with disabilities.
What is the difference between IDEA Part B and Part C?
Part B covers children aged 3-21 (school services), Part C covers infants/toddlers (early intervention).
What is a norm-referenced test?
A standardized test comparing a child’s performance to a normative sample (e.g., Peabody, BOT-2, Bayley).
What is a criterion-referenced test?
A test that measures a child’s performance against set criteria, not against peers (e.g., GMFM, SFA, HELP).
What are examples of norm-referenced assessments?
Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (PDMS-2), BOT-2, Bayley Scales of Infant Development.
What are examples of criterion-referenced assessments?
Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM), Functional Independence Measure for Children (Wee-FIM), School Function Assessment (SFA).
What is the difference between a multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary team?
Multidisciplinary teams work independently with separate goals, while transdisciplinary teams collaborate and share roles.
What are the key principles of trauma-informed care?
Safety, trust, choice, collaboration, and empowerment.
What is the ecological model in pediatric PT?
Considers how environmental factors (family, community, policies) impact child development and participation.
What are the components of the ICF model in pediatric PT?
Health Condition, Body Structures/Functions, Activity, Participation, Environmental Factors, Personal Factors.
Why is the top-down approach preferred in pediatric PT?
It focuses on meaningful participation and function rather than isolated impairments.
What is a routines-based interview?
A method where therapists ask about the child’s daily routines to identify meaningful therapy goals.
What are the common approaches to pediatric PT interventions?
Activity-based intervention, motor learning principles, neurodevelopmental treatment, play-based therapy.
What is the activity-based approach in pediatric PT?
Focuses on practicing functional activities in natural environments to improve participation.
What are key considerations for dosing PT in pediatrics?
Severity of impairment, prognosis, caregiver ability, and child’s responsiveness to intervention.
What is the purpose of assistive technology in pediatrics?
To improve mobility, communication, and participation in daily activities.
What are common mobility aids used in pediatric PT?
Walkers, gait trainers, standers, wheelchairs, adaptive tricycles.
What is the purpose of orthotics in pediatric PT?
To support proper alignment, improve mobility, and prevent contractures.
What are common challenges in transitioning to adulthood for children with disabilities?
Finding adult healthcare providers, independent living skills, employment, and community participation.
What role does the PT play in transition planning?
Assessing mobility, recommending adaptive equipment, promoting self-advocacy, and facilitating job training.
What is the Individualized Education Plan (IEP)?
A legal document outlining special education and related services for eligible students under IDEA Part B.
What is the purpose of the 504 Plan?
Provides accommodations for students with disabilities who do not qualify for special education under IDEA.
What are common pediatric PT settings?
Early intervention (home-based), school-based, outpatient clinics, inpatient rehabilitation, NICU, sports rehabilitation.
What is the role of PTs in the NICU?
Support positioning, feeding, movement facilitation, and early developmental intervention for premature infants.
