Lifespan And Development

Question 1

What is lifespan development?

Answer 1

Refers to age-related changes that occur from birth, throughout a person’s life, into and during old age.

Question 2

What are the six stages of lifespan development?

Answer 2

• Prenatal Development
• Infancy
• Childhood
• Adolescence
• Early Adulthood
• Middle Age
• Older Age

Question 3

What occurs during the first trimester of prenatal development?

Answer 3

Embryological and foetal development where the beginnings of all the major organ systems appear being laid down as ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.

Question 4

What is the main development occurring during the second trimester?

Answer 4

Development of organs and organ systems, with body shape and proportions changing such that the foetus looks distinctively human by 6 months.

Question 5

What happens during the third trimester of prenatal development?

Answer 5

Rapid foetal growth and deposition of adipose tissue, with major organ systems fully functioning in the early stages.

Question 6

What are the critical periods for organ development in prenatal stages?

Answer 6

• Placenta (start at week 1)
• Brain and spinal cord (start at week 2)
• Heart and foetal circulation (start at week 3)
• Lungs (start at week 4)

Question 7

What immediate changes occur at birth regarding the circulatory system?

Answer 7

Dramatic changes occur when an infant takes its first breath, including the closure of the Ductus Arteriosus and Foramen Ovale.

Question 8

True or False: Humans are born fully formed.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

What characterizes the respiratory system in infants?

Answer 9

• Rib cage is soft and cartilaginous
• Poorly developed intercostal muscles
• Preferential nasal breathers
• Small airway diameters

Question 10

How many bones are infants born with?

Answer 10

300 bones, some of which fuse over time.

Question 11

What is ‘Transient Exuberance’ in the context of physical growth?

Answer 11

The concept that body parts grow at different rates, with weight increasing before height.

Question 12

What factors influence growth and development?

Answer 12

• Genetic factors
• Environmental factors such as family, religion, climate, culture, school, community, and nutrition

Question 13

Fill in the blank: Most infants double their birth weight at ______ months.

Answer 13

4-6

Question 14

What period does childhood cover?

Answer 14

From 2 to 10 years.

Question 15

When does adolescence begin?

Answer 15

Begins at puberty (10-14 years for girls and 12-16 years for boys).

Question 16

What is a key change in the musculoskeletal system during adolescence?

Answer 16

Accelerated bone deposition and skeletal growth with the closure of epiphyseal plates.

Question 17

What effect do sex hormones have on the neurological system during adolescence?

Answer 17

Increase in sex drive and sexual behaviors triggered by the increase in testosterone and oestrogen.

Question 18

What happens to blood volume during adolescence?

Answer 18

Increases due to elevated levels of testosterone.

Question 19

What is the significance of the closure of the epiphyseal plates?

Answer 19

Indicates the end of skeletal growth.

Question 20

What is the summary of organ development stages?

Answer 20

• Organs laid down in embryonic stage
• Foetal stage is mainly growth
• Critical periods where systems are vulnerable during prenatal development

Question 21

Fill in the blank: Growth and development is ______ driven.

Answer 21

hormone

Question 22

What is the complexity of maturity beyond physical changes?

Answer 22

Maturity involves emotional and behavioral components, not just physical growth.