Life Sciences 2 - Week 3 - Enzyme Structure and Regulation Flashcards
What is an enzyme?
Enzymes are biological molecules that are able to reduce the activation
energy of a reaction – a biological catalyst
What influences an enzymes rate of reaction?
pH and Temperature
How does a high temperature impact an enzymes rate of reaction?
High temp disrupts intermolecular interactions and causes the enzyme to denature.
How does a low temperature impact an enzymes rate of reaction?
Low temp decreases flexibility of the enzyme structure.
What are the two types of co factors?
Organic cofactor: these are also known as Coenzymes.
Inorganic cofactor: are nonprotein enzyme helpers.
Who proposed the lock and key hypothesis?
Emil Fischer in 1894
What is the Lock and key hypothesis?
Lock and key hypothesis assumes the active site of an enzymes are rigid in its shape.
There is no change in the active site before and after a chemical reaction
Who proposed the induce fit model?
Danial Kosh Land in 1958.
What is the induced fit model?
Exposure of an enzyme to substrate cause a change in enzyme, which causes the active
site to change its shape to allow enzyme and substrate to bind.
What is the difference between Lock and key and Induced fit ideas.
Lock and key assumes the active site of an enzyme are rigid in it’s shape (it does not change), however, the induced fit model shows that an exposure of an enzyme to substrate cause a change in enzyme, which causes the active site to change its shape to allow the enzyme and substrate to bind.
What are three digestive enzymes?
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Lipids
What does the carbohydrate enzyme secrete?
Amylase, Sucrase, Maltase, Lactase
What do Carbohydrates produce after they are secreted?
Glucose.
What does the protein enzyme secrete?
Pepsin, Protease- trypsin, Peptidase
What does proteins produce after they are secreted?
Amino acids
