Life Sciences 2 - Test 3 - Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1

What are the Characteristics of Bacteria.

Answer 1

1. They are prokaryotic.
2. They are unicellular.
3. They have DNA and ribosomes
4. Exist almost every where on earth
5. Cells that do not have a nucleus
6. Contains a rigid cell wall, cytoplasm and ribosomes.
7. Bacteria like a warm, dark, and moist environment

Question 2

What is the difference between gram positive and gram negative bacteria.

Answer 2

Gram positive – thicker cell wall – purple or blue

Gram negative – thinner cell wall – red or pink

Question 3

List difference between viruses and bacteria.

Answer 3

Bacteria are single cell structured, and a less complicated structure to viruses.

Bacteria are larger than viruses.

Viruses need to infect a cell to reproduce, bacteria do not.

Viruses cannot be eliminated by antibiotics

Viruses can cause disease in bacteria.

Question 4

What is the difference between mortality and morbidity?

Answer 4

Mortality rate: the rate of death caused by a disease in a population.

Morbidity rate: the rate at which disease occurs in a population.

Question 5

What is the concept of vaccination?

Answer 5

A vaccination is used to help the body’s immune system fight against disease.

The body is exposed to a weakened or dead pathogen. The body’s immune cells make antibodies to fight against the pathogen and if the pathogen enters the body again, the antibodies will be prepared.

Question 6

What is a helminth, protozoa and a parasite?

Answer 6

Helminth: type of worm.
Example: Hookworm, roundworm.

Protozoa is a type of parasite.
Example: Plasmodium, which causes malaria.

Parasite: is a disease carrying agent.
Example: Mosquitos carrying Malaria.

Question 7

Describe the R0 value.

Answer 7

• Basic reproduction number
• How many people each infected person will further infect
• R0 indicates how contagious a disease is
• R0
  is an estimate of the speed at which a particular infectious disease can currently spread through a given
  population.
• The R0
  varies, between < 1 if the disease is controlled or not spreading too quickly.

Question 8

Antiseptic methods were first coined by…

Answer 8

Lord Lister

Question 9

Approximately what % of microbes cause disease in human?

Answer 9

3%