LFTs Flashcards
What is AST?
Aspartase Aminotransferase
Why does AST become elevated?
disease that causes death or injury to cells
Which diseases cause an elevation in AST?
acute hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatic necrosis, infections
AST will be especially increased with?
cirrhosis and metastatic carcinoma of the liver
What is ALT?
Alanine aminotransferase
Which LFT is more specific to evaluating liver function?
ALT
With which diseases is ALT slightly increased?
acute cirrhosis, hepatic metastasis, pancreatitis
With which diseases is ALT mildly increased?
obstructive jaundice
With which diseases is ALT highly increased?
hepatocellular disease, infections (hepatitis), non malignant liver obstruction
Which LFT is higher in alcoholic hepatitis?
AST
Which LFT plays an important role in water distrubuton?
Albumin
Fluid leaking into the peritoneal cavity is caused by a lack of which LFT?
Albumin
Which diseases cause an increase in albumin?
hemolytic anemia, hemolysis, dehydration
Which diseases cause an decrease in albumin?
cirrhosis, liver damage
Serum bilirubin increases with?
excessive amounts of RBC destruction
Indirect bilirubin is also known as?
unconjugated bilirubin
True or False: Causes of indirect bilirubin increases cannot be diagnosed with ultrasound
True
What diseases cause an increase in unconjugated bilirubin?
anemias, trauma from hematoma, hemorrhagic pulmonary tract infection (blood disorders)
Direct bilirubin is also known as?
conjugated bilrubin
Which diseases cause an increase in direct bilirubin?
hepatitis, hepatic metastasis, lymphoma, cholestasis, stones, pancreatic head pathology
True or False: Causes of an increase in direct bilirubin can be diagnosed with ultrasound
True
What is the function of prothrombin time (PTT)?
blood clotting mechanism
PTT depends on intake of?
vitamin K
Prothrombin time increases with?
liver disease with cellular damage, cirrhosis, metastatic disease
Prothrombin time is ____ in a healthy liver
short
What is LDH?
lactic acid dehydrogenase
LDH is primarily used to detect?
myocardial or pulmonary infarction
LDH is found where?
kidneys, heart, skeletal muscle, brain, liver, lungs
LDH is elevated with which diseases?
hepatitis, cirrhosis, obstructive jaundice
True or False: LDH is used to evaluate liver function
False
Alkaline phosphatase is produced by?
liver, bone, intestine, placenta
ALP is increased with?
obstruction, hepatic carcinoma, cirrhosis, abscess, hepatitis
