lexicology

Question 1

nouns

Answer 1

words that name people, places, things, qualities, or actions. includes:
- common nouns
- proper nouns
- collective nouns

Question 2

pronouns

Answer 2

short words that can replace nouns in a sentence. includes:
- subject pronouns
- object pronouns
- possessive pronouns
- relative pronouns
- demonstrative pronouns

Question 3

subject pronouns

Answer 3

i, you, he, she, it, we, they.

Question 4

object pronouns

Answer 4

me, you, him, her, it, us, them

Question 5

possessive pronouns

Answer 5

mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs

Question 6

relative pronouns

Answer 6

that, who, whoever, which

Question 7

demonstrative pronouns

Answer 7

this, that, these, those.

Question 8

verbs

Answer 8

denote actions, processes and states. includes auxiliary verbs.

Question 9

auxiliary verbs

Answer 9

change some aspect of a main verb. used to create tense, form negatives, questions and passive voice. includes modal verbs.

Question 10

modal verbs

Answer 10

denote ability, permission, likelihood, obligation. includes:
- can, could
- shall, should
- will, would
- may, might, must

Question 11

adjectives

Answer 11

define or modify nouns. may refer to qualities, size, judgements, degree of comparison.

Question 12

adverbs

Answer 12

modify verbs, adjectives and other adverbs. includes
- time
- frequency
- manner
- place
- degree

Question 13

prepositions

Answer 13

show the relationship between nouns and other words in a sentence.

Question 14

conjunctions

Answer 14

connect other words. includes:
- coordinating conjunctions
- subordinating conjunctions

Question 15

coordinating conjunctions

Answer 15

link words, phrases and clauses together. includes FANBOYS:
- for
- and
- nor
- but
- or
- yet
- so

Question 16

subordinating conjunctions

Answer 16

link clauses together. includes:
- causational conjunctions (clause, due to clause)
- conditional conjunctions (clause, unless clause)
- comparative conjunctions (clause against clause)

Question 17

determiners

Answer 17

introduce noun phrases and function as modifiers. includes:
- articles (a, an, the)
- possessive pronouns
- demonstratives
- indefinite determiners
- cardinals (one, two)
- ordinals (first, second)

Question 18

interjections

Answer 18

words/phrases that express sudden/strong emotions or feelings. includes:
- swearing
- greetings
- signalling words

Question 19

word formation processes

Answer 19

processes in which lexemes are created or changed in the english language. includes:
- neologisms
- borrowings
- commonisation
- nominalisation

Question 20

neologism

Answer 20

newly coined word, expression or usage.

Question 21

borrowing

Answer 21

word incorporated from another language.

Question 22

commonisation

Answer 22

development of common, everyday words from proper nouns.

Question 23

nominalisation

Answer 23

development of nouns from verbs.

Question 24

word loss

Answer 24

process in which lexemes are no longer used in the english language. includes:
- obsolescence
- archaism

Question 25

obsolescence

Answer 25

language ceases to be actively used in favour of another.

Question 26

archaism

Answer 26

words are no longer used in everyday life.