Levinson/Parenting Styles- week 8 Flashcards
Levinson (adult male development)
purpose = greater individuation & personality development
constant shift between stable & transitional
What is a stable stage of Levinson’s adult male dev?
stable:
makes choices in life
builds a life structure
seeks goals within structure
What is a transitional stage of LEvinson’s adult male dev?
transitional:
end of a stage & beginning of a new stage
lasts several years
purpose is greater individuation
What are the stages and ages of levinsons adult male dev?
Early adulthood (17-22) transition Enter adult work (22-28) stable Age 30 trans. (28-32) transition Settle down (33-40) stable Midlife trans (40-45) transition Enter mid adult (45-50) stable Age 50 trans (50-55) transition Culmination of mid adult (55-60) stable late adult trans (60-65) transition late adulthood (65+)
early adult transition
(17-22) TRANSITION
Identity crisis/role confusion
First gains independence/leaves home
Tasks: modify/terminate significant relationships with others
enter adult world
(22-28) STABLE
The dream (Ideal life)
Occupational decision (pick role)
Love relationship, mentor (really great for guidance)
*roles & choices for future
Age 30 transition
(28-32) TRANSITION
Reflects and plans
Establishes role in society
sees flaws; re-evaluate
Settle down
(33-40) STABLE
“become one’s own man”, “breaking out’
2 tasks: establish role in society & advance in work
Experiences self-doubt concentrate on family/community constrained by authority figures strive to achieve dream establish niche
Midlife transition
(40-45) TRANSITION
3 major tasks: Review, reappraisal, termination
Finite nature of life; won’t live forever; first signs of aging
4 polarities to deal with:
Young/old
destruction/creation masculinity/femininity attachment/separation
questioning past structure/accomplishments
Enter middle adulthood
(45-50) STABLE
create new life structure (new job)
explore
commit to new tasks
Age 50 transition
(50-55) TRANSITION
re-evaluate; possible crisis (especially if none during mid adult)
culmination of middle adulthood
(55-60) STABLE
satisfying era if man has adjusted to new role changes
late adult transition
(60-65) TRANSITION
prepare for retirement and coming physical decline; major turning point
make peace
reflect on past
late adulthood
(65+) STABLE
create new life structure for retirement and aging
Season’s of a women’s life?
similar stages that address different themes
Gender Splitting
Traditional Marriage Enterpise
The Gender Revolution
Gender splitting
what is acceptable for male and female?
Traditional Marriage Enterprise
Increase in dual-career household =
rework tradition marriage enterprise = must find other ways to satisfy competing demands of home and work while maintaing an intimate & emotional relationships with each other
(gender splitting no longer effective to split household duties)
The Gender Revolution
meaning of gender becoming more similar
results in Split Dream (career & children) *women differ
Re-evaluates at each transition
early adolescence (12-14)
differentiate themselves from their environment
task = gain ownership of self
it is not that the adolescent doesn’t care what the adult thinks, it is that they care too much = which interferes with their ability to become a separate adult
disruptions: denial of dependency withdrawal difficulties leaving home never engaging in process of questioning
interiority (inner, private experience)
sensitive to respect, alientation & phoniness
middle adolescence (14-17)
late adolescence (17-20)
return to closeness with parents
goal = interdependence / exhibit consistent self in outer world (mahler pushing away - coming back)
(James Marcia: Identity status )
Crisis
who am I?
(James Marcia: Identity status )
Committment
this is who I am
(James Marcia: Identity status )
success
undergo several crisis & come to a committment
don’t question who they are
no sense of self
minimal experimentation/exposure
don’t care about figuring “who am i”
diffusion
no crisis
no committment
committed to occupation/belief system without exploring
never asked “who am i” - based on others opinions/beliefs without questioning them
foreclosure
no crisis
+ committment
currently experiencing identity crisis
no strong committment to set of beliefs but are actively exploring
committment is made later than norm (constantly redefining themselves)
moratorium
+ crisis
no committment
explored their options
tolerated the anxiety
made firm committments
achievement
+ crisis
+ committment
no crisis
+ committment
foreclosure
+ crisis
no committment
moratorium
no crisis
no committment
diffusion
emerging adulthood (18-25)
marriage postponed due to education and divorce
risky behavior peak in?
emerging adulthood (18-25)
when does adulthood begin
after mid twenties
(levinsons life cycle)
person leaves adolescence
begins to make choices about adult life (job, relationships, leaving home)
Early Adult Transition (17-22)
(levinsons life cycle)
makes more concrete decision regarding future
Entering the Adult World (22-28)
(levinsons life cycle)
lifestyle changes
sees flaws
re-evalutes
Age 30 Transitions (28-33)
(levinsons life cycle)
establish routine
behaves like an adult
advance in work
strive to achieve dream
Settle down (33-40)
(levinsons life cycle)
mid-life crisis
begin to think about life/death
desire to leave a legacy
questioning past structure and accomplishments
Mid life transition (40-45)
(levinsons life cycle)
commit to new tasks
create to life structure
think about legacy they are leaving
Enter middle adulthood (45-50)
(parenting styles)
children least competent
prone to deliquency
low achievement/self-esteem
Neglectful
(parenting styles)
children: do what they are supposed to if authority figure enforces
likely to rebel
Authoritarian
(parenting styles)
parents:
accept childrens behavior
make few demands
rarely punish
Permissive
(parenting styles)
parents:
set and enforce rules
explain reasons
invite discussion
Authoritative
(parenting styles)
parents:
devotely interested in behavior
provide discussion and examples rather than rules
people better at what they practice
Nurturing
