Levinson/Parenting Styles- week 8

Question 1

Levinson (adult male development)

Answer 1

purpose = greater individuation & personality development
constant shift between stable & transitional

Question 2

What is a stable stage of Levinson’s adult male dev?

Answer 2

stable:

makes choices in life
builds a life structure
seeks goals within structure

Question 3

What is a transitional stage of LEvinson’s adult male dev?

Answer 3

transitional:

end of a stage & beginning of a new stage
lasts several years
purpose is greater individuation

Question 4

What are the stages and ages of levinsons adult male dev?

Answer 4

Early adulthood (17-22) transition
Enter adult work (22-28) stable
Age 30 trans. (28-32) transition
Settle down (33-40) stable
Midlife trans (40-45) transition
Enter mid adult (45-50) stable
Age 50 trans (50-55) transition 
Culmination of mid adult (55-60) stable
late adult trans (60-65) transition
late adulthood (65+)

Question 5

early adult transition

Answer 5

(17-22) TRANSITION
Identity crisis/role confusion

First gains independence/leaves home

Tasks: modify/terminate significant relationships with others

Question 6

enter adult world

Answer 6

(22-28) STABLE

The dream (Ideal life)

Occupational decision (pick role)

Love relationship, mentor (really great for guidance)

*roles & choices for future

Question 7

Age 30 transition

Answer 7

(28-32) TRANSITION

Reflects and plans
Establishes role in society

sees flaws; re-evaluate

Question 8

Settle down

Answer 8

(33-40) STABLE

“become one’s own man”, “breaking out’
2 tasks: establish role in society & advance in work

Experiences self-doubt 
concentrate on family/community
constrained by authority figures 
strive to achieve dream 
establish niche

Question 9

Midlife transition

Answer 9

(40-45) TRANSITION

3 major tasks: Review, reappraisal, termination

Finite nature of life; won’t live forever; first signs of aging

4 polarities to deal with:
Young/old
destruction/creation masculinity/femininity attachment/separation

questioning past structure/accomplishments

Question 10

Enter middle adulthood

Answer 10

(45-50) STABLE

create new life structure (new job)
explore
commit to new tasks

Question 11

Age 50 transition

Answer 11

(50-55) TRANSITION

re-evaluate; possible crisis (especially if none during mid adult)

Question 12

culmination of middle adulthood

Answer 12

(55-60) STABLE

satisfying era if man has adjusted to new role changes

Question 13

late adult transition

Answer 13

(60-65) TRANSITION

prepare for retirement and coming physical decline; major turning point

make peace
reflect on past

Question 14

late adulthood

Answer 14

(65+) STABLE

create new life structure for retirement and aging

Question 15

Season’s of a women’s life?

Answer 15

similar stages that address different themes

Gender Splitting
Traditional Marriage Enterpise
The Gender Revolution

Question 16

Gender splitting

Answer 16

what is acceptable for male and female?

Question 17

Traditional Marriage Enterprise

Answer 17

Increase in dual-career household =

rework tradition marriage enterprise = must find other ways to satisfy competing demands of home and work while maintaing an intimate & emotional relationships with each other

(gender splitting no longer effective to split household duties)

Question 18

The Gender Revolution

Answer 18

meaning of gender becoming more similar

results in Split Dream (career & children) *women differ

Re-evaluates at each transition

Question 19

early adolescence (12-14)

Answer 19

differentiate themselves from their environment
task = gain ownership of self
it is not that the adolescent doesn’t care what the adult thinks, it is that they care too much = which interferes with their ability to become a separate adult

disruptions: 
denial of dependency
withdrawal
difficulties leaving home
never engaging in process of questioning

Question 20

interiority (inner, private experience)

sensitive to respect, alientation & phoniness

Answer 20

middle adolescence (14-17)

Question 21

late adolescence (17-20)

Answer 21

return to closeness with parents

goal = interdependence / exhibit consistent self in outer world (mahler pushing away - coming back)

Question 22

(James Marcia: Identity status )

Crisis

Answer 22

who am I?

Question 23

(James Marcia: Identity status )

Committment

Answer 23

this is who I am

Question 24

(James Marcia: Identity status )

success

Answer 24

undergo several crisis & come to a committment

Question 25

don’t question who they are
no sense of self
minimal experimentation/exposure
don’t care about figuring “who am i”

Answer 25

diffusion

no crisis
no committment

Question 26

committed to occupation/belief system without exploring

never asked “who am i” - based on others opinions/beliefs without questioning them

Answer 26

foreclosure

no crisis
+ committment

Question 27

currently experiencing identity crisis
no strong committment to set of beliefs but are actively exploring
committment is made later than norm (constantly redefining themselves)

Answer 27

moratorium

+ crisis
no committment

Question 28

explored their options
tolerated the anxiety
made firm committments

Answer 28

achievement

+ crisis
+ committment

Question 29

no crisis

+ committment

Answer 29

foreclosure

Question 30

+ crisis

no committment

Answer 30

moratorium

Question 31

no crisis

no committment

Answer 31

diffusion

Question 32

emerging adulthood (18-25)

Answer 32

marriage postponed due to education and divorce

Question 33

risky behavior peak in?

Answer 33

emerging adulthood (18-25)

Question 34

when does adulthood begin

Answer 34

after mid twenties

Question 35

(levinsons life cycle)

person leaves adolescence

begins to make choices about adult life (job, relationships, leaving home)

Answer 35

Early Adult Transition (17-22)

Question 36

(levinsons life cycle)

makes more concrete decision regarding future

Answer 36

Entering the Adult World (22-28)

Question 37

(levinsons life cycle)

lifestyle changes

sees flaws

re-evalutes

Answer 37

Age 30 Transitions (28-33)

Question 38

(levinsons life cycle)

establish routine

behaves like an adult

advance in work

strive to achieve dream

Answer 38

Settle down (33-40)

Question 39

(levinsons life cycle)

mid-life crisis

begin to think about life/death

desire to leave a legacy

questioning past structure and accomplishments

Answer 39

Mid life transition (40-45)

Question 40

(levinsons life cycle)

commit to new tasks

create to life structure

think about legacy they are leaving

Answer 40

Enter middle adulthood (45-50)

Question 41

(parenting styles)

children least competent
prone to deliquency
low achievement/self-esteem

Answer 41

Neglectful

Question 42

(parenting styles)

children: do what they are supposed to if authority figure enforces
likely to rebel

Answer 42

Authoritarian

Question 43

(parenting styles)

parents:
accept childrens behavior
make few demands
rarely punish

Answer 43

Permissive

Question 44

(parenting styles)

parents:
set and enforce rules
explain reasons
invite discussion

Answer 44

Authoritative

Question 45

(parenting styles)

parents:
devotely interested in behavior
provide discussion and examples rather than rules
people better at what they practice

Answer 45

Nurturing