Level C1 Flashcards
Ni/Ni siquiera
= “not even”
Ni/Ni siquiera = “not even”
As the equivalent of not even in English, we can place either ni or ni siquiera in front of a clause
El pobre chico no tenía ni una manta para taparse.
The poor guy didn’t even have a blanket to cover himself.
El pobre chico no tenía ni siquiera una manta para taparse.
The poor guy didn’t even have a blanket to cover himself.
¡Ni te imaginas lo que acabo de ver!
You will not believe what I’ve just seen!
¡Ni me dirigió la palabra ayer en la reunión del colegio!
He didn’t talk to me yesterday at the school meeting!
más que”
to express “only / just”
No tenía más que unas monedas en el bolsillo.
He only had a few coins in his pocket.
No busca más que pelea.
He is just looking for trouble.
No tienes más que decirlo y yo estaré allí para ayudarte.
You just have to say it and I will be there to help you.
Es muy tacaño
He is very stingy.
Ni me ha invitado a una copa
He did not even buy me a drink.
Debe estar hambriento
He must be starving
¡Ni lo sueñes!
Do not even think about it!
Encontrar
= to find [something]
No encuentro mis gafas, ¿las has visto tú?
I cannot find my glasses, have you seen them?
Encontrarse
to bump into [someone]
Me encontré CON Marcos en la calle y estuvimos charlando un rato.
I bumped into Marcos in the street and we chatted for a bit.
¿Dónde nos encontramos esta tarde?
Where shall we meet this evening?
Sierra Nevada se encuentra en la provincia de Granada.
Sierra Nevada is located in the province of Granada.
¡Se encontró un billete de 50 euros en el suelo!
to be surprised to discover something
He found a 50 euro note on the ground!
to be surprised to discover something
Daniel ya ha encontrado A los niños. Estaban en el parque jugando.
Daniel found the children. They were playing in the park.
If someone is looking for someone (as oppossed to bumping into someone by chance) we can also use encontrar.
Los platos han sido lavados.
ser + participle (Compound tenses - passive voice)
The dishes have been washed.
Las manzanas habían sido comidas.
The apples had been eaten.
poner(se) a + infinitivo,
prevalent in spoken Spanish, is used to mean to begin/start doing [something], to get something/someone to do [something], to set about doing [something] or to get on with [something].
Me pongo a estudiar ahora mismo?
Shall I begin to study right now?
Nosotros nos vamos a poner a cantar en cinco minutos.
We are going to start singing in five minutes.
De repente se puso a llover.
It suddenly started to rain.
Poner + (algo/alguien) + a + infinitivo
¡Pon tu camisa a secar!
Put your shirt out to dry!
Pon a los niños a ver la televisión.
Get the children to watch TV.
Aprovechar =
to make the most of something/make good use of something
Susana aprovechó un rato libre que tenía en el trabajo para llamar a su novio.
Susana made good use of some free time at work to call her boyfriend.
Los enamorados aprovecharon la ocasión para anunciar su boda.
The lovebirds took advantage of the moment to announce their wedding.
Sometimes we can use “aprovechar” with the same meaning as above but with no direct object. The words “la ocasión”, “el momento” are implicit
Al cancelarse la clase de español, los estudiantes aprovecharon para irse a tomar una cerveza juntos. As the Spanish class was cancelled, the students took advantage of it and went to have a beer all together.
Aprovechó que sus padres estaban de viaje y organizó una fiesta en su casa.
He took advantage of his parents being away and organised a party at home.
Aprovecharse de
= to take advantage of someone or something/to use someone
Miguel se ha aprovechado de ella y luego la ha dejado por otra.
Miguel used her and then he left her for another.
No te aproveches de mí. Yo no soy idiota.
Don’t take advantage of me. I am not an idiot.
Note that “aprovecharse de alguien” can also imply taking advantage of someone sexually. For example:
Carmen lo denunció a la policía porque él se aprovechó de ella.
Carmen reported him to the police because he took advantage of her [sexually].
In Spanish we can use the verb tener followed by a past participle to express the completion of an action.
The effect of using this verbal structure is similar to using haber + participle, however using tener gives a nuance of a result obtained after accumulation or repetition of actions.
Tengo escritas veinte páginas de mi futura novela.
I have written twenty pages of my future novel.
Tienes pintadas dos habitaciones. Falta una más para terminar.
You have painted two rooms. There is one more left to finish.
Yo tenía organizados todos los documentos en orden alfabético.
I had all the documents organised in alphabetical order.
¿Tienes ya pensada la estrategia?
implies that there has been an accumulation of “thinking” with a result expressed with “tienes pensada”.
If we simply used the perfect tense with haber, this nuance wouldn’t exist. It would just express a completed action.
He pensado en la estrategia.
La noticia de Amanda nos tiene sorprendidas.
Amanda’s news has surprised us.
Sometimes this structure implies an indication of keeping someone in a certain state. For example:
Este libro me tiene intrigada.
This book has me hooked/intrigued.
La noticia de Amanda nos tiene sorprendidas.
Amanda’s news has surprised us.
Ese chico la tiene tan enamorada…
She has really fallen for that guy.
Coger un taxi (Spain) but not in Mexico!
Coger means…
¡Se encontró un billete de 50 euros en el suelo!
He found a 50 euro note on the ground!
Note that in the last example, despite meaning “to find”, we are using the pronominal verb encontrarse to emphasise the fact that it was a surprise.
Por si and por si acaso are interchangeable.
In Spanish we use “por si” or “por si acaso” to express “in case/just in case [something happens]”.
“por si” or “por si acaso”
“in case/just in case [something happens]”.
“por si” or “por si acaso”
With the indicative - more probable:
Me voy a llevar el paraguas por si llueve.
I am taking the umbrella in case it rains.
“por si” or “por si acaso”
With the subjunctive - less probable
Me voy a llevar el paraguas por si lloviera.
I am taking the umbrella in case it rains (less probability)
“por si” or “por si acaso” with indicative vs subjunctive
With the indicative - more probable:
Me voy a llevar el paraguas por si llueve.
I am taking the umbrella in case it rains.
Me voy a llevar el paraguas por si lloviera.
I am taking the umbrella in case it rains (less probability)
unilateralmente
unilatermente
unilateralmente
unilatermente
Ayer te dio por insultar a la gente.
Yesterday you suddenly decided to insult people.
No hace mucho me dio por comer mucho chocolate.
Not so long ago I took to eating a lot of chocolate.
a propósito
Kstati
Al fin y al cabo,
In the end,
Al parecer,
As it seems,
Apenas,
Barely, hardly,
Dado que
As (poskolku)
De acuerdo a
According to
De hecho,
In fact,
De lo contrario
Otherwise,
De pronto
Suddenly
De repente
Suddenly,
De vez en cuando,
From time to time,
En consecuencia
As a consequence,
En la actualidad
Currently
Mientras tanto
At the same time,
No obstante,
Nevertheless,
Por cieRto
By the way,
Por lo menos,
At least
Puesto que
As (tak kak)
Se cree que
It is considered that
Sin embargo
Still (odnako, tem ne menee)
Afortunadamente
Fortunately
Evidentemente
Evidently
Francamente
Frankly
Recientemente
Recently
a otro perro con ese hueso
you can’t fool me, go tell that to somebody else; tell it to the marines
Abrir la mano
1) принимать подарки 2) расщедриться, раздобриться 3) смягчиться, пойти на уступки
Acostarse con gallinas
Spat’ s kurami
Meter la pata
- Оплошать в какой-то ситуации
Cállate la boca!
- Заткнись!
Agachar las orejas
- Покраснеть (от стыда), опyстить глаза/голову (дословно “согуть уши”)
un reto
a challenge
las ventajas e inconvenientes
advantages and disadvantages
deja mucho que desear
leaves more to wish
incluso en esto
even in this
signifíca
it means
cabeza de turco
- козёл отпущения, мальчик
comer como una lima
- есть много
aburrirse como una ostra
- скучать как устрица (очень сильно)
dar la vuelta a la tortilla
- que pasa cuando las cosas cambian mucho
rezkoe, znachitelnoe izmenenie v chem-to
Dar plantón
начихать, продинамить
dar unas palmaditas en la espalda -
погладить по головке
el cerebro
a brain
lo más pronto posible
as soon as possible
lo más lejos posible
as far as possible
No comprendo el porqué de su actitud tan negativa.
I don’t understand the reason for his negative attitude.
No te voy a explicar los porqués de mi decisión.
I won’t tell you the reasons for my decision,
Me preocupo por que no le guste.
I am worried that she won’t like it.
Ella va poniendo la mesa mientras yo termino de cocinar.
She is laying the table while I finish cooking.
Lo de irse a Francia, ¿es verdad?
That thing about going to France, is it true?
Lo de ayer, ¿es verdad?
What was said yesterday, is it true?
Lo de su decisión, ¿es verdad?
That thing about her decision, is it true?
Puse todo de mi parte
I did my best
Porqué
= a reason, a cause (noun)
Lo de que + [sentence with a conjugated verb]
Lo de que María se va a vivir a Francia, ¿es verdad?
That thing about María going to live in France, is it true?
Lo de + infinitive/noun/adverb
Lo de irse a Francia, ¿es verdad?
That thing about going to France, is it true?
Por que
= for which, that, why (preposition + conjunction/ preposition + relative pronoun)
el porqué de nuestra existencia
why we exist
Quien dirija ese departamento debe ser muy listo.
The one who/Whoever leads that department must be very smart.
Quienes lleguen a la cima recibirán un trofeo.
Los que lleguen a la cima recibirán un trofeo.
The ones who/Those who reach the top will receive a trophy.
me quedan pequeños
small for me.
conque - THUS, THEREFORE
Todavía no has hecho los deberes, conque deberías empezar ya.
You haven’t done your homework yet, so you should start now.
Estás tosiendo mucho, conque tómate el jarabe.
You are coughing a lot, so take your syrup.
Conque
is used more colloquially than other conjunctions with the same meaning such as “así que”, “por lo tanto” or “por consiguiente”.
¿Conque ya no te queda dinero?
So you have no money left?
vístete rápido
get dressed quickly
no estoy de buen humor
I am not in a good mood today
no andarse por las ramas
don’t beat around the bush
miedo escénico
stage fright
estar de baja
to be on sick leave
tener/pedir la baja
to be on sick leave
ser confuso/a
to be confused
ser desconocido/a
to be a stranger
ir directo/a al grano
get straight to the point
la verja
the fence
el alambre de espino
the barbed wire
el bulo
the hoax, fake news
