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Spanish Vocabulary 2021 Ruslan > Deck 4 > Flashcards

Deck 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

A las dos horas de

A

Within two hours of

A las dos horas de cancelar nuestro vuelo nos ofrecieron otro.Within two hours of cancelling our flight they offered us another one.

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2
Q

If we had won the lottery, we would have bought a Ferrari.

A

Three ways to say it:

Si hubiésemos ganado la lotería, habríamos comprado un Ferrari.

Si hubiésemos ganado la lotería, hubiéramos comprado un Ferrari.

Si hubiésemos ganado la lotería, hubiésemos comprado un Ferrari.

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3
Q

Ir a + infinitive

can be used to express “obviousness” when it is used with cómo, dónde, quién or qué, generally in an interrogative or an exclamatory sentence.

A

¿Cómo va a perder el tren, si ha llegado a la estación media hora antes?How could she miss the train, when she arrived at the station half an hour early?

¿Dónde va a estar? Pues, en casa de su novia como siempre.Where is he going to be? Obviously at his girlfriend’s house as usual.

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4
Q

el embarazo

A

pregnancy

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5
Q

¡Quién lo iba a saber

A

Who could have known

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6
Q

¡Cómo no iba a apoyarlos! Es su obligación.

A

Of course they support them! It’s their duty.

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7
Q

¡Tú qué vas a molestar!

A

How on earth would you intrude! (QUÉ)

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8
Q

¿Pero cómo no se lo vas a contar?

A

ut how could you not tell her? (CÓMO)

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9
Q

A los 10 minutos de llegar…

A

Within 10 minutes of arriving

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10
Q

¿Sabes dónde están las llaves? ¿Dónde iban a estar? En el cajón, como siempre.

A

-Do you know where the keys are? -Of course I do! In the drawer, as usual.

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11
Q

¿quién llamará a estas horas?

A

who might be calling at this time?

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12
Q

Espero que me eches de menos

A

I hope you miss me

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13
Q

Si Cristina se hubiera casado con él, habría sido muy infeliz.

A

If Cristina had married him, she would have been very unhappy.

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14
Q

¡Lo que me ha costado este bolso!

A

This handbag cost me so much!

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15
Q

¡Lo que charla tu madre!

A

Your mum talks so much!

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16
Q

¿Has notado lo que ha bebido Juan?

A

Did you notice how much Juan has drunk?

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17
Q

Using ¿a que…? to seek confirmation / threaten / predict

A

with three different meanings:
To seek confirmation/reassurance
To express a threat to someone
To express a prediction

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18
Q

Mis padres no me permiten tener Netflix. ¿A que es injusto?

A

My parents won’t let me have Netflix. Isn’t this unfair?

To seek confirmation/reassurance

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19
Q

¿A que se lo digo a la profesora?

A

To express a threat to someone:

I’ll tell the teacher!

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20
Q

¡Mi pasaporte caduca la semana que viene! ¿A que no puedo coger el vuelo?

A

To express a prediction:

My passport expires next week! I bet I cannot take the flight!

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21
Q

A ti te gusta la pasta, ¿a que sí?

A

You like pasta, right?

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22
Q

No has comido nada. A tí no te gustan las verduras, ¿a que no?

A

You didn’t eat anything. You don’t like vegetables, do you?

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23
Q

Esa película no merecía un Oscar, ¿a que no?

A

That movie didn’t deserve an Oscar, don’t you think?

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24
Q

cuyo

A

whose + noun

Roberto, cuyo hijo va al colegio de mi hija, es abogado.

Roberto, whose son goes to my daughter’s school, is a lawyer.

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25
Q

Using cuyo, cuya, cuyos, cuyas to say whose + noun (relative adjective)

A

La casa, en cuyas habitaciones dormimos, era muy tradicional.

The house, in whose rooms we slept, was very traditional.

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26
Q

Andrea, cuya jefa es también mi jefa, es una buena compañera. (FORMAL with cuya)

A

Andrea, que su jefa es también mi jefa, es una buena compañera. (MORE INFORMAL with que)

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27
Q

more formal with CUYO

Roberto, cuyo hijo va al colegio de mi hija, es abogado.

A

MORE INFORMAL WITH QUE

Roberto, que tiene un hijo que va al colegio de mi hija, es abogado.

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28
Q

¿Conque vas a dejarme por otra?

A

So you are leaving me for another?

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29
Q

ha defendido su postura siempre.

A

he has always defended his position.

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30
Q

¡Conque te fuiste con tus amigos de copas anoche!

A

(So you went out drinking with your friends last night!)

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31
Q

¿Has sido admitida en esa universidad?

A

Have you been admitted to that university?

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32
Q

The verb tocar (conjugated in the 3rd person singular) + infinitivo

A
  1. Something must be done/Someone must do something

2. It is somebody’s turn to do something

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33
Q

Los niños necesitan zapatos nuevos para el colegio así que (NOS) toca ahorrar.

A

The children need new school shoes so we have to / must save.

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34
Q

Sara, te toca tirar el dado.

A

Sara, it is your turn to throw the dice.

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35
Q

el dado.

A

the dice

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36
Q

Cuando yo sea vieja,

A

When I am old

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37
Q

Tocar la lotería a alguien

A

To win the lottery

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38
Q

el que, la que, los que, las que can be replaced by quien/quienes without changing the meaning, only in the cases where they refer to people, not things.

A

Quien dirija ese departamento debe ser muy listo.The one who/Whoever leads that department must be very smart.

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39
Q

Tocar las narices a alguien

A

To annoy someone

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40
Q

Tocar las pelotas a alguien

A

To get on somebody’s nerves

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41
Q

Tocar un tema

A

To talk about a topic

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42
Q

Tocar madera

A

To touch wood, to knock on wood (US)

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43
Q

Tocar la bocina

A

To honk the horn

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44
Q

Tocar en vivo y en directo

A

To play [music] live

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45
Q

Tocar a alguien

A

To be somebody’s turn

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46
Q

Tocar a la puerta

A

To knock on the door

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47
Q

Tocar fondo

A

To hit rock bottom

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48
Q

Using Estar por + infinitive to express feeling tempted/having the intention to do something (perífrasis verbal)

A

Estoy por confesar toda la verdad a mi novio.

I feel tempted to confess the whole truth to my boyfriend.

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49
Q

¡Uy! Mira ese cielo gris. Coge el paraguas porque está por llover.

A

Ugh! Look at that grey sky. Take the umbrella because it’s going to rain soon.

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50
Q

something is still [needed] to be done, we also use estar + por

A

Estos documentos todavía están por revisar y firmar. No he tenido tiempo.

These documents still need to be reviewed and signed. I haven’t had time.

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51
Q

Mi cita con el pediatra está por confirmar, pero no creo que haya problemas.

A

My appointment with the paediatrician is yet to be confirmed, but I don’t think there’ll be a problem.

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52
Q

¡Cuidado! ¡Esa estantería está por caerse!

A

Careful! That shelf is going to fall!

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53
Q

the verbs hacer or mandar followed by an infinitive to express “to have something done”

A

implies that the person has “arranged” for something to be done, “ordered” these actions, or “paid” for these actions to make them happen.

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54
Q

mandar

A

to order, to send

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55
Q

Me hice construir un anexo al lado de mi casa para cuando tuviera invitados.

A

I had a “granny flat” built next to my house for when I had visiting guests.

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56
Q

Ayer me sacaron una muela.

A

Yesterday I had a tooth taken out.

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57
Q

Voy a mandar cortar el vestido; es demasiado largo

A

I am having my dress shortened; it is too long.

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58
Q

¿A quién le toca pagar ahora?

A

Whose turn is it to pay now?

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59
Q

Yo pagué la última ronda.

A

I paid for the last round.

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60
Q

humildemente

A

modestly

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61
Q

Mis padres están por comprarse una casa en la playa.

A

My parents are seriously thinking about buying a beach house.

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62
Q

te toca fregar

A

it is your turn to do the washing up.

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63
Q

Me necesitan hacer una revisión de ojos.

A

I need to have my eyes tested.

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64
Q

Bueno, como si se va a Australia.

A

Well, as far as I am concerned he could go to Australia (I don’t really mind)

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65
Q

Como si te comes también el resto de la tarta.

A

You may as well eat the rest of the cake.

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66
Q

Por mí como si te vas a vivir con tu amante. Yo ya no tengo ningún interés en ti

A

As far as I am concerned you can go and live with your lover.

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67
Q

Por mí como si

A

As far as I am concerned

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68
Q

Tal como, tal y como, and tal cual

A

to express that something is exactly as it was and hasn’t undergone any change
“just as…, in the same condition… “.

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69
Q

La película era tal cual me la describiste.

A

The film was just as you described it to me.

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70
Q

No te preocupes, te haré un descuento tal como hablamos ayer.

A

Don’t worry, I will give you a discount just as we agreed yesterday.

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71
Q

Me gustas tal cual eres.

A

I like you just as you are.

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72
Q

Fui a su casa para hablar con él.

A

I went to his house to talk to him.

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73
Q

we use the verbs ir, salir, and venir followed by the preposition a, we are expressing a purpose, the same way we use the preposition “para.

A

Fui a su casa A hablar con él.
Fui a su casa PARA hablar con él

I went to his house to talk to him.

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74
Q

tomar un poco el aire.

A

to get a bit of fresh air

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75
Q

Estoy aquí PARA verte.

A

I am here to see you.

Using “a” is not correct in this context if the verb is a static verb, not implying movement.

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76
Q

He venido para/a verte.

Using “a” is not correct in this context if the verb is a static verb, not implying movement.

A

I came to see you.

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77
Q

Te has pasado de la raya; pienso contárselo todo a tus padres.

A

You crossed the line; I’m telling your parents everything. (I intend to do it.)

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78
Q

¿No piensas saludarme?

A

Aren’t you going to say hello? (Do you have no intention of saying hello to me?)

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79
Q

Estoy pensando que este año va a ser difícil para mí irme de vacaciones.

A

I’m thinking that it’s going to be difficult for me to go on holiday this year.

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80
Q

estar para (+ infinitive)

A

when we want to express that someone/something is either “ready/prepared” to do something or “about to” do something.

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81
Q

Mi hija ya está para casarse.

A

My daughter is ready to get married.

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82
Q

Estar POR vs estar PARA

A

estar PARA (+ infinitive) when we want to express that someone/something is either “ready/prepared” to do something or “about to” do something.

Using Estar POR+ infinitive to express feeling tempted/having the intention to do something (perífrasis verbal)

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83
Q

Está para llover.

A

It is about to rain.

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84
Q

No estoy para andar mucho. Todavía me duele la rodilla desde la caída de ayer.

A

I am not ready to/cannot walk much. My knee still hurts from yesterday’s fall.

In negative sentences, ESTAR PARA implies “not being in the mood for something” or “not being able to do something”

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85
Q

Miguel no está para aguantar bromas.

A

Miguel is not in the mood for jokes.

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86
Q

dativo de interés

A

a very specific use of the indirect object pronouns (me, te, le, nos, os, les) to indicate that someone either benefits or loses out from something that happens.

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87
Q

Ayer nos cayó un buen chaparrón.

A

Yesterday it poured rain on us.

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88
Q

Se me ha escapado el hamster.

A

My hamster escaped (from me).

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89
Q

¡Nos han comprado la casa! (ambiguity)

A

They bought us the house (for us) / They bought us the house (from us)

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90
Q

Los vecinos de al lado

A

The neighbours next door

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91
Q

¡Lo que te vas a arrepentir!

A

You are going to regret it so much!

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92
Q

El alcalde de mi pueblo, cuyo salario

A

The mayor in my town, whose salary

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93
Q

castigar sin salir

A

= to ground someone (as a punishment)

94
Q

poner un problema para resolver

A

to pose a problem to solve

95
Q

Alberto ¿a que no era tan caro el hotel?

A

The hotel wasn’t that expensive, was it Alberto? (HINT: She is seeking confirmation/reassurance)

96
Q

con lo que

A

No sé cómo no estás agotado con lo que corres.

I am surprised you are not exhausted with all the running you do.

97
Q

¿Vas a salir CON LO que llueve?

A

Are you going out despite all that rain?

98
Q

Pues voy a mirarla en el diccionario porque no lo sé.

A

I ‘ll look it up in the dictionary because I don’t know.

99
Q

No sé de qué manera voy a convencer a Luis.

A

I don’t know how I am going to convince Luis.

100
Q

el que, la que, los que, las que can be replaced by quien/quienes without changing the meaning, only in the cases where they refer to people, not things.

A

Quien dirija ese departamento debe ser muy listo.The one who/Whoever leads that department must be very smart.

101
Q

hablar de temas diversos

A

To talk about different topics

102
Q

Qué razón tuviste para mudarte a Berlín?

A

What was the reason why you moved to Berlin?

103
Q

de cualquier manera

A

anyway

104
Q

incredulidad

A

disbelief

105
Q

válido (a)

A

valid

106
Q

No pueden ver la diferencia

A

They cannot see the difference

107
Q

tienen que memorizar la pronunciación

A

they have to memorise the pronunciation

108
Q

mantener en secreto

A

to keep a secret

109
Q

un superpoder

A

a superpower

110
Q

una pariente lejana

A

a distant family member (a distant relative)

111
Q

ganarse al público

A

= to become popular

Se ganó al público.
He became very popular.

112
Q

espantapájaros

A

scarecrows

113
Q

es el momento para mudarme

A

it is time for me to move

114
Q

de dudosa calidad / reputación

A

questionable quality/ reputation

115
Q

adultos mayores

A

older people

116
Q

Bluyín

A

Blue jeans

117
Q

Por mucho / más / muy que

A

for no matter how much

118
Q

por mucho que yo lea,

A

no matter how much I read,

119
Q

Por muy + adjective/adverb + que + verb

A

for no matter how much

120
Q

Por muy bien que baile, no le darán el primer premio.

A

No matter how well he dances, they won’t give him first prize.

121
Q

Con tal de que / Con tal de (subordinate purpose and conditional clause)

A

Te di el dinero con tal de que me dejaras en paz.

I gave you the money so you would leave me alone.

122
Q

you must use a verb in the subjunctive after “con tal de que”

A

Te regalo mi pulsera nueva con tal de que me dejes en paz.

I [will] give you my new bracelet so that you leave me alone.

123
Q

If we use “Con tal de” (without que) you then need an infinitive.

A

Ella solo fue a la conferencia con tal de tener a su jefa contenta.

She only went to the conference in order to keep her boss happy.

124
Q

siempre que

A

as long as

125
Q

a condición de que…

A

(as long as)

126
Q

-Voy a abrir el frigorífico y voy a comer lo primero que encuentre, sea lo que sea. (momento futuro)

A

-Abrí el frigorífico para comer lo primero que encontrara, fuera lo que fuera (momento pasado).

127
Q

es fácil/difícil de hacer

or

es fácil/difícil hacer

A

El armario es fácil de montar. The wardrobe is easy to put together.

Es fácil montar el armario. It is easy to assemble the wardrobe.

128
Q

Por más que lo intento, no consigo recordar todo el vocabulario

A

No matter how much I try, I cannot remember all the vocabulary.)

129
Q

De ser verdad,

A

If it is true,

130
Q

De ser posible,

A

If it were possible,

131
Q

De poder elegir,

A

De poder elegir, yo me inclinaría por el Ferrari.

If I could choose, I would prefer the Ferrari.

132
Q

¡La (cantidad) de vino que bebió Miguel ayer!

A

Miguel has drunk so much wine today!

133
Q

Tratarse de (different meanings)

A

meaning 1: “ser” (to be); referring to something that was mentioned previously.

134
Q

De tan/tanto + que/como+ indicative

A

In Spanish we can express a cause

No pudimos entrar en la fiesta de tanta gente que había.

We couldn’t get into the party because there were so many people.

135
Q

En nuestro club somos muy abiertos. Se trata de ayudar a los que necesitan más vida social.

A

We are very welcoming in our club. It is necessary to help those who need more of a social life.

136
Q

De tan bien que baila le van a dar un premio.

A

He is going to be given a prize because he dances so well.

137
Q

Parece que tiene 20 años más de tan poco como se cuida.

A

She looks 20 years older because she doesn’t look after herself at all.

138
Q

ganarse al público

A

= to become popular

Se ganó al público.
He became very popular.

139
Q

Ese hombre me recuerda mucho a mi padre.

A

That man reminds me of my dad.

140
Q

Esas imágenes me recuerdan que debemos erradicar la pobreza.

A

Those images remind me that we must eradicate poverty.

141
Q

erradicar la pobreza.

A

eradicate poverty.

142
Q

In colloquial Spanish, the gerund is often used to express a command that indicates the start of a process. It is mainly used with specific verbs;

A

the most common verbs are “andar”, “caminar”, “circular”, “marchar”.

143
Q

amos, saliendo todos despacio y en silencio.

A

Come on, everyone come out slowly and in silence.

144
Q

¡Corriendo que nos mojamos!

A

Hurry up, we’re getting wet!

145
Q

¡Andando que es gerundio!

A

Let’s move on!

This is used in any context to express the desire to keep things moving.

146
Q

¡Arreando que es gerundio!

A

Let’s move on!

This is used in any context to express the desire to keep things moving.

147
Q

We often use the subjunctive when we want to say whatever, wherever, whenever and whoever.

A

subjunctive + lo que + subjunctive

Tendrás que aceptar la verdad, sea lo que sea.

You’ll have to accept the truth, whatever that might be.

148
Q

Pasara lo que pasara en esa fiesta, prefiero no enterarme de nada.

A

Whatever it is that happened at that party, I prefer not to know.

149
Q

Diré que sí a su propuesta, sean cuales sean sus condiciones.

A

I’ll accept his proposal, whatever conditions he sets.

150
Q

However (subjunctive + como + subjunctive)

A

Javier dijo que lo conseguiría fuera como fuera.

Javier said he’d manage however he had to/no matter what.

151
Q

Quiero que sepas,

A

I want you to know,

Quiero que sepas, estés donde estés, que te echo muchísimo de menos.

152
Q

Fuera como fuera

A

whatever it took

153
Q

-Voy a abrir el frigorífico y voy a comer lo primero que encuentre, sea lo que sea. (momento futuro)

A

-Abrí el frigorífico para comer lo primero que encontrara, fuera lo que fuera (momento pasado).

154
Q

Tratar (algo) - “to talk about/to address”.

A

En el programa tratarán temas de actualidad muy interesantes.

In the programm they’ll talk about very interesting current issues.

155
Q

“tratar de” to express “to be about [something]”

A

La película trata de una mujer que tiene problemas con el alcohol.

The film is about a woman who has problems with alcohol.

156
Q

“tratar de” followed by an infinitive to express “to try to”

A

El chico estaba tratando de ayudarla, pero ella no lo dejaba.

The boy was trying to help her, but she wouldn’t let him.

157
Q

Traté de llegar a tiempo pero no lo conseguí.

A

I tried to get there on time but I didn’t manage.

158
Q

Este libro trate de un problema de vivir en Irlanda.

A

This book is about the problem of living in Ireland.

159
Q

“se trata de” (pronominal verb with se followed by the preposition “de”) as an impersonal sentence

A

In this context the verb is always in the 3rd person singular (trata, trataba etc., but not tratan, trataban etc.).

160
Q

Tratarse de (different meanings)

A

meaning 1: “ser” (to be); referring to something that was mentioned previously.

161
Q

Se trata de + an infinitive or a clause with “que” = expressing an interest in something. Sometimes it also implies a “need/moral obligation”

A

Se trata de que nos reunamos para pasar un buen rato.

It’s all about us getting together to have a good time.

162
Q

En nuestro club somos muy abiertos. Se trata de ayudar a los que necesitan más vida social.We are very welcoming in our club.

A

It is necessary to help those who need more of a social life.

163
Q

No se trataba de ganar siempre el primer premio sino de divertirse al participar.

A

It wasn’t all about (there was no need) always winning first prize but having fun when taking part.

164
Q

Esta novela trata temas serios como la violencia doméstica.

A

This novel addresses serious topics such as domestic violence.

165
Q

“anda” is used very often in colloquial Spanish to express different things.

A

It can indicate surprise, disbelief, rejection, admiration, emphasis, irony…

166
Q

“anda” - meaning 1. To encourage/ask someone to do something.

A

Anda, levántate ya, que es muy tarde.Come on, get up right away, it’s very late.
Sal de aquí, anda.Get out of here, come on.

167
Q

Anda, cerrad la ventana, que hace frío.

A

Come on, close the window, it is cold.

168
Q

The word “anda” is used 2. To show surprise or admiration

A

¡Anda, vaya mancha tienes en el vestido!

Good grief, look at that stain on your dress!

169
Q

¡Anda, qué bien te han dejado en la peluquería!

A

Wow, what a good job they did at the hairdresser’s!

170
Q

The word “anda” is used 3. To express something with irony/sarcasm, with “anda que…/anda que no…”

A

Anda que menudo susto nos has dado.

You gave us such a scare.

171
Q

-Yo no soy nada vanidoso. -¡Anda que no!

A

-I am not vain at all! -Yeah right, sure.

172
Q

Yo salí a dar un paseo

A

I went for a walk.

173
Q

-¡Me ha tocado la lotería! -¡Anda ya!

A

-I won the lottery! -What? Are you kidding?

174
Q

-¡Eres muy egoísta! -¡Anda que tú!

A

-You are very selfish! -Look who’s talking!

175
Q

Using que + El Presente de Subjuntivo to express a wish/command

A

There is a specific structure in Spanish used to express:

  • a command
  • a wish for something to happen
176
Q

Que + El Presente de Subjuntivo

A
  1. to express a wish to someone directly

¡Que seas feliz! Be happy!

177
Q

¡Que ganéis el partido!

A

Win the match!

178
Q

¡Que disfruten la comida!

A

Enjoy your meal!

179
Q

Que + El Presente de Subjuntivo

A
  1. to insist on a previously unsuccessful command

When you have asked someone to do something but your request is ignored, this structure can be used to reinforce the command. This is very commonly used by parents to get the children do something (after having said it a few times!)

¡Antonio, que me dejes en paz!
Antonio, [I said] leave me alone!

180
Q

¡Susana, que te comas el pescado!

A

Susana, [I said] eat your fish!

181
Q

Que + El Presente de Subjuntivo

A
  1. to make an indirect/soft command through a third party. This is considered a softer command compared to a direct command using the imperative.

¡Que el cliente pague su deuda! Have the client pay his debt!

182
Q

¡Que me reserven una plaza de garaje!

A

Have them book a parking space for me!

183
Q

The preposition A is often used in phrases in Spanish to indicate how something is done, or in which style.

  • Means/tools
A

Fuimos a su pueblo a caballo.

We went to his village on horseback.

184
Q

Tendrás que ir a pie porque hoy no hay autobuses.

A

You will have to go on foot as there are no buses today

185
Q

El mantón está bordado a mano. Es precioso.

A

The shawl is hand embroidered. It is beautiful.

186
Q

The preposition a is often used Denoting abruptness. Used generally with a plural noun.

A

Lo echó del restaurante a patadas.

He kicked him out of the restaurant.

187
Q

La multitud consiguió salir de allí a empujones.

A

The crowd managed to get out by pushing and shoving.

188
Q

The preposition A: Expressing how an action is carried out or how it unfolds, sometimes expressing intensity.

Used generally with a plural noun.

A

Íbamos caminando a ciegas porque perdimos las linternas.

We were walking blindly because we lost our torches.

189
Q

e bebió la botella de whisky a tragos. Estaba muy borracho.

A

He gulped down the bottle of whisky. He was very drunk.

190
Q

The preposition A: Using a + lo / la + adjective/noun

This is generally referring to something that is generally established as a specific way of doing something, imitatin

A

El pulpo A LA gallega es sin duda mi plato español preferido.

Galician-style octopus is undoubtedly my favourite Spanish dish.

191
Q

unas tortillas a la francesa

A

French-style omelettes

192
Q

Subió al escenario y se puso a cantar A LO Elvis Presley. Lo hizo fenomenal.

A

He went onstage and started to sing LIKE Elvis Presley. He nailed it.

193
Q

When we say that something is done in a certain style the way a specific celebrity does/did, it is always “a lo” (not a la) even if the celebrity is female.

A

Esa chica lleva un peinado de los 50, a lo (NOT a la) Marilyn Monroe.

That girl has a ’50s hairdo, like Marilyn Monroe.

194
Q

A nado

A

This expression means “doing something by swimming”

195
Q

A mano

A

doing something by hand

196
Q

Cuando + El Imperfecto de Subjuntivo (main clause using El Condicional)

What is expressed after cuando is something the speaker sees as a possible thing to happen but with not much certainty, nearly as a conditional sentence with if.

A

Yo te ayudaría cuando tú empezaras a comportarte bien.

I would help you if l[lit:when] you started to behave.

197
Q

Estaría bien salir a dar una vuelta cuando dejara de llover.

A

It’d be nice to go for a walk if [lit: when] it stopped raining.

198
Q

Yo salí a dar una vuelta.

A

I went for a walk.

199
Q

Yo salí a dar un paseo

A

I went for a walk.

200
Q

Cuando + Presente de Subjuntivo or Imperfecto de Subjuntivo

When we use cuando with El Presente de Subjuntivo, the speaker sees the action as something with more probability to happen. The level of certainty is higher.

A

Te ayudaré cuando te portes bien.

I will help you when you behave.

201
Q

Te ayudaré cuando te portES bien.
I will help you when you behave.

In the example above the speaker believes it is possible he will behave.

A

Te ayudaría cuando te portARAS bien.
I would help you if [lit:when] you behaved well.

Here the speaker isn’t very certain about him behaving. It is more hypothetical.

202
Q

this construction with cuando followed by El Imperfecto Subjuntivo in reported speech (saying someone said that s/he would do something when something else happened)

A

Me ha prometido que me llamaría cuando aterrizara el avión.

He promised he’d call me when the plane landed.

203
Q

Direct speech:

Te prometo que te llamaré cuando aterrice el avión.
I promise I will call you when the plane lands.

A

Indirect speech:
Me ha prometido que me llamaría cuando aterrizara el avión.
He promised he’d call me when the plane landed.

204
Q

A ciegas

A

doing something blindly

205
Q

Me gustaría hablar contigo cuando estuvieras más calmado

A

I’d like to speak with you if [lit:when] you were calmer.

206
Q

¡Que gane el mejor!

A

“May the best team win!”

207
Q

A lo Marilyn Monroe

A

doing something Marilyn Monroe style

208
Q

No trates de convencerla.

A

Don’t try to convince her.

209
Q

Dar algo/alguien por + participle/adjective, to express that something is considered as “adjective or participle”

A

Lo dieron por muerto pero nunca apareció su cuerpo.

They gave him up for dead but his body never showed up.

210
Q

dar por sentado

A

to take for granted

211
Q

dar por hecho

A

to take for granted

212
Q

darse por vencido

A

to give up

213
Q

Los adolescentes dan por sentadas muchas cosas.

A

Teenagers take a lot of things for granted.

214
Q

Probamos una y otra vez y al final LO DIMOS POR imposible.

A

We tried over and over and in the end we gave it up as impossible.

215
Q

Si él supiera cuánto lo quiero…

A

If only he knew how much I love him…

216
Q

Si me diera una oportunidad…

A

If only/I wish she gave me a chance…

217
Q

¡Si me vieran mis padres ahora mismo!

A

If only my parents saw me right now! [I wonder what they’d think…]

218
Q

¡Si tu abuelo te escuchara!

A

I wonder what grandad would say if he could hear you!

219
Q

A tan solo + [length of time] de + [noun/infinitive]

A

A tan solo 2 minutos de empezar la película me llamó mi madre para charlar.

Just a couple of minutes before the film started my mum called for a chat.

220
Q

A tan solo dos días del exámen mi profesora dijo que teníamos que estudiar también los temas del primer trimestre.

A

Just two days before the exam my teacher said that we also had to study the topics from the first term.

221
Q

A tan solo 24 horas de que se emitiera el programa, la BBC canceló su emisión.

A

Just 24 hours before the program was scheduled, the BBC cancelled its broadcast.

222
Q

sometimes “tan” or even “tan solo” are sometimes omitted from the time phrase:

A

Me avisaste a solo 5 minutos de arrancar el coche para ir a tu casa.

You warned me just 5 minutes before starting the car to go to your house.

223
Q

ser/no ser + muy de/ mucho de + infinitive

A

when we are talking about what sort of person we are in terms of what we like doing and our preferences in certain situations

224
Q

Pues, yo soy muy de quedarme en casa viendo una película.

A

Well, I am more the type that likes staying at home watching a film.

225
Q

Yo soy mucho de acostarme temprano porque siempre tengo sueño.

A

I am more a going to bed early person because I am always sleepy.

226
Q

Yo no soy muy de salir de noche. Prefiero salir durante el día.

A

I am not they type to go out at night. I prefer to go out during the day.

227
Q

Ella es más de divertirse con las amigas. Lo prefiere a las reuniones familiares.

A

She is more someone that enjoys having fun with her friends. She prefers it to family gatherings.

228
Q

no ser + tanto de + infinitive

A

Mis hijos no son tanto de trasnochar. Son muy caseros y muy estudiosos.

My children aren’t really the type to stay up late. They like staying at home and are very studious.

229
Q

Mis vecinas son mucho de organizar fiestas en su casa.

A

My neighbours are people who like organising parties at their house.

230
Q

Yo no soy tanto de cocinar platos nutritivos. Prefiero la comida rápida.

A

I am not really someone who likes cooking nutritious dishes. I prefer fast food.

Spanish Vocabulary 2021 Ruslan (5 decks)

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