Leukemia and Lymphoma (final)

Question 1

Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. A malignant progressive disease in which the bone marrow produces increased numbers of immature or abnormal leukocytes. The malignant process suppresses the production of

Answer 1

normal blood cells, which leads to anemia, infection, and thrombocytopenia

Question 2

Philadelphia chromosome is associated with what leukemia?

Answer 2

CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)

Question 3

Philadelphia chromosome is associated with what congenital disorder?

Answer 3

down syndrome

Question 4

What blood disorders can predispose people to develop leukemia?

Answer 4

aplastic anemia or myelodysplastic syndromes

Question 5

ALL is more common in ____________, while CLL is more common in _____________

Answer 5

children, adults

Question 6

What are the 3 lymphoid leukemias?

Answer 6

1) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
2) chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
3) hairy cell leukemia

Question 7

What are the 2 myeloid leukemias?

Answer 7

1) acute myeloid/myelogenous leukemia (AML)
2) chronic myeloid/myelogenous leukemia (CML)

Question 8

acute leukemia is characterized by

Answer 8

rapid progression and accumulation of immature cells

Question 9

chronic leukemia is characterized by

Answer 9

slower progression and accumulation of more mature cells

Question 10

Which leukemia has a fast onset?

Answer 10

acute

Question 11

Which leukemia has abnormal blast cells that cannot carry out normal function and disease worsens quickly?

Answer 11

acute

Question 12

Acute leukemias are most common in

Answer 12

children

Question 13

What are some signs and symptoms of acute leukemias?

Answer 13

-bruising and bleeding due to decreased platelets
-fatigue and fever due to anemia

Question 14

Which leukemia is a slow onset?

Answer 14

chronic

Question 15

Which leukemia has mature blood cells that function relatively normally and symptoms don’t appear for years because of gradual decline?

Answer 15

chronic

Question 16

T/F: all leukemias engorge internal organs leading to enlargement and dysfunction

Answer 16

true

Question 17

Leukemias cause increase in number of infections and defense is lost. Why?

Answer 17

because of abnormal blast cells or mature cells

Question 18

What must be performed to help categorize the type of leukemia?

Answer 18

bone marrow biopsy

Question 19

What is the typical age range for ALL?

Answer 19

2-6 years old

Question 20

What is the immature cell associated with ALL?

Answer 20

lymphoblasts

Question 21

What cancer would have these lab findings?
-total WBC count is extremely elevated
-decreased platelet count
-anemia
-lymphoblast cells

Answer 21

ALL

Question 22

AML can occur at any age but is most common in

Answer 22

adults (68 y/o is the average)

Question 23

What are the immature cells associated with AML?

Answer 23

myeloblasts

Question 24

Auer bodies are associated with what cancer?

Answer 24

AML

Question 25

What cancer has these lab findings? -extremely elevated total WBC count -decreased platelet count -anemia -blast cells may or may not have auer rods

Answer 25

AML

Question 26

What cancer has a progressive accumulation of mature B lymphocytes?

Answer 26

CLL

Question 27

What is the most common leukemia in adults?

Answer 27

CLL

Question 28

What cancer is associated with smudge cells (basket cells) on blood slide (remnants of fragile B cells that were damaged in the process of making a blood smear)?

Answer 28

CLL

Question 29

What autoimmune disorder is associated with CLL?

Answer 29

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Question 30

What is the ab test used to check for CLL?

Answer 30

anti human globulin test aka coombs test (because CLL and autoimmune hemolytic anemia are usually linked)

Question 31

What cancer would have these lab findings? -extremely elevated total WBC count with mature lymphocytes present -smudge cells present -advanced cases will have decreased platelet count and anemia

Answer 31

CLL

Question 32

Which cancer is characterized by an accumulation of abnormal B lymphocytes?

Answer 32

hairy cell leukemia

Question 33

Which cancer is usually classified as a variant of CLL?

Answer 33

hairy cell leukemia

Question 34

Which cancer has WBCs with hairy surface projections?

Answer 34

hairy cell leukemia

Question 35

What is the Philadelphia chromosome?

Answer 35

extra short chromosome 22 genes from chromosome 9 combines with genes from chromosome 22 to create a new gene cell BCR ABL

Question 36

What cancer is characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells (a specific type of abnormal cell)?

Answer 36

hodgkin lymphoma

Question 37

Where does hodgkin lymphoma usually start?

Answer 37

upper body

Question 38

What is an early sign hodgkin lymphoma?

Answer 38

swollen lymph nodes usually in neck, armpit, or groin

Question 39

What cancer has 2 distinct age peaks- young adults and older adults?

Answer 39

hodgkin lymphoma

Question 40

What is the gold standard test for hodgkin lymphoma?

Answer 40

lymph node biopsy will show Reed Sternberg cells

Question 41

What cancer would have these lab findings? -Reed sternberg cells -abnormally large B cells that have multiple nuclei -lymphocytes look like an owl face

Answer 41

hodgkin lymphoma

Question 42

Which lymphoma does not have reed sternberg cells?

Answer 42

non-hodgkin lymphoma

Question 43

What symptoms overlap with hodgkin lymphoma and non-hodgkin lymphoma?

Answer 43

-enlarged lymph nodes -fatigue -weight loss -fever

Question 44

Highly aggressive form of non-hodgkin lymphoma that originates from B lymphocytes

Answer 44

burkitt lymphoma

Question 45

What are the 3 types of burkitt lymphoma?

Answer 45

1) endemic/African burkitt lymphoma 2) sporadic burkitt lymphoma 3) immunodeficiency associated burkitt lymphoma

Question 46

Which cancer is strongly associated with Epstein Barr virus and often affects children?

Answer 46

endemic/African burkitt lymphoma

Question 47

Which cancer occurs in individuals with compromised immune systems such as those with HIV, AIDS, or had an organ transplant?

Answer 47

immunodeficiency associated burkitt lymphoma

Question 48

What cancer has a starry night appearance on lymph node biopsy due to presence of macrophages with clear cytoplasm?

Answer 48

burkitt lymphoma