Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NSCI Midterm > Lets Talk Trash > Flashcards

Lets Talk Trash Flashcards

1
Q

____ are generally made of objects or particles that accumulate on the site where they are produced

A

Solid Waste (Trash)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

____ is the kind of solid waste material left on surface where mining has taken place.

A

mining waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

____ is the kind of solid waste from raising animals as well as crop and tree harvesting.

A

agricultural waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

____ is the kind of solid waste known as commercial or institutional wastes.

A

industrial wastes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how much industrial waste in the U.S. is produced per year?

A

7.6 billion tons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

____ is the kind of solid waste commonly referred to as trash or garbage.

A

municipal solid waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how much municipal solid waste in the U.S. is produced per year?

A

250 million tons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the top three places that contain the most waste generation per capita?

A

Washing D.C (highest)
U.S. (second)
Canada (third)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

____ is the study of adverse effects of chemicals on health

A

toxicology

Greek words: toxicos, logos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

____ is the amount of toxic substance (lethal dose) that kills 50% of a test population

A

LD50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

____ is the possibility of suffering from a hazard that can cause injury, disease, economic loss, or environmental damage

A

risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the EPA stand for?

A

Environmental protection agency

they look at controlled set policy/guidelines, if substances can be used as food or sold as a drug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a method of waste disposal?

A

(municipal solid waste) landfill is a depression in impermeable clay layer, lined with impermeable membrane (nothing can go through)

It is cheap and convenient, and the primary method of waste disposal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

in modern landfills, what is a leachate collection/treatment system?

A

any liquid that in passing through matter, extracts solutes, suspended solids or any other component of the material through which it has passed; a liquid that has dissolved or entrained environmentally harmful substances which may then enter the environment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

in modern landfills, what is methane monitoring?

A

a colorless, odorless flammable gas that is the main constituent of natural gas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how much of the U.S. municipal solid waste is incinerated (burned)?

A

15%

17
Q

in 2000, construction of incineration in North America costed how much?

A

$45 - 350 million

production of electricity partially offsets disposal costs

18
Q

Incinerators drastically reduce the amount of municipal solid waste by up to ____ by volume and ____ by weight.

A

90% volume

75% weight

19
Q

what are the risks of incineration?

A

air quality problems, toxicity, and disposal of ash (toxic substances are more concentrated in ash)

  • most incinerators burn unprocessed municipal solid waste
  • mass burn turns waste into ash, and is dangerously toxic
20
Q

In the early 1890s, who had the idea of the Love Canal and created the project in 1984?

A

William T. Love

21
Q

When did the Love Canal Project by William T. Love begin?

A

1984

22
Q

Explain the Love Canal Tragedy, why did it fail?

A

1942-1952: Hooker Chemicals and Plastics, sealed 200 different chemicals into steel drums and dumped into the old canal evacuation

1953: they covered it with clay and topsoil and sold it to Niagara School Board

1955-1959: an Elementary school, playing fields and 949 homes were built

1957: HC claims that it warned the School Board not to disturb clay cap
1960s: expressway built at one end of the dump
1950s: children complained of being burnt, nauseous odors, black sludge, but nothing was done until 1970s
1977: chemicals began to leak
1978: school closed

Survey:
More than ½ of the people affected of birth defects.

23
Q

Between 1974 and 1978, how many newborns had at least 1 birth defect during the Love Canal Tragedy?

A

56%

24
Q

Who organized her neighbors and formed the Love Canal Homeowners Association. After years of struggle, 833 families were eventually evacuated, and cleanup of Love Canal began.

A

Lois Gibbs

25
Q

Superfund or Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)

A

____ is a United States federal law designed to clean up sites contaminated with hazardous substances:

  • over 275 million tons Hazardous wastes produced per year
  • 10,000 sites may pose health problems
  • 1,305 sites are scheduled for cleanup
  • 350,000 sites may require action costing $500 billion dollars
  • about 11M people (3-4 M children) in the US live within a mile of a federal super-fund site
26
Q

What happened at the Tragedy of Tar Creek?

A

In Northeast of Oklahoma Population of 30,000
13 Story Building (Mine Tailing)
4 Football field wide

  • became a superfund site
  • resulted in a sink hole

Almost 30 Years (not much has changed)

27
Q

Stringfellow Superfund Site, CA?

A

owned by Stringfellow Quarry Company
Location: Jurupa Valley, Glen Avon Community
Dates of hazardous waste disposal site: 1956-1972
Clean up Dates: 1980s

28
Q

Biomimicry

A

Part of the Eco-industrial revolution: imitation of the models, systems, and elements of nature for the purpose of solving complex human problems.

29
Q

Industrial Ecology

A
  1. redesigning of industrial products and processes
  2. it is a closed system of cyclical materials flow
  3. it is a network in which the waste of one manufacturer and becomes raw materials for another
    • companies take back packaging and used products
30
Q

Eco-industrial Revolution prototype in Kalundborg, Denmark

A
  1. a coal fired PP
  2. an oil refinery
  3. H2SO4 producer
  4. a sheetrock plant
  5. a pharmaceutical plant
  6. a cement manufacturer
  7. local farms
  8. horticultural green houses
  9. a fish farm
  10. nearby homes are working together, exchanging and converting their wastes into resources for one another

NSCI Midterm (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions