Letcures 6-10 MCQ

Question 1

In Drosophilia, which gradient drives the sub-specification of the columnar genes in the neuroectoderm?

Answer 1

Dorsal

Question 2

During development of the cerebellum a population of lateral stem cells migrate from the rhombic lip to establish a second proliferative zone along the dorsal surface of the neural tube. What is this region called?

Answer 2

External granule cell layer

Question 3

Which genes pattern the hindbrain and spinal cord along the anterior-posterior axis?

Answer 3

Hox genes

Question 4

What are the two main types of neuronal migration in the vertebrate neural tube?

Answer 4

Tangential and radial

Question 5

Which mechanism is the Numb protein a major component of?

Answer 5

Asymmetric cell division

Question 6

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can be converted into neural stem cells (NSCs) by adding which morphogen(s)?

Answer 6

REVISIT

Question 7

Which region of the brain does the Zona Limitans Intrathalamica pattern?

Answer 7

Diencephalon

Question 8

During early patterning of the vertebrate nervous system the paraxial mesoderm generates a posterior to anterior gradient of WNT that helps do what?

Answer 8

Transform cells from an anterior fate to a posterior fate

Question 9

Dorsal-ventral patterning in the spinal cord of vertebrates is regulated by competing gradients of which two morphogens?

Answer 9

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and sonic hedgehog (SHH)

Question 10

The majority of neural stem cells divide in which part of the neural tube?

Answer 10

Ventricular zone

Question 11

Which maternal mRNA gradient drives anterior-posterior patterning in fruitfly?

Answer 11

Bicoid

Question 12

The loss of which factor leads to a condition known as Cyclopia (i.e. single eye)?

Answer 12

Sonic hedgehog

Question 13

Purkinje cells are specialised GABAergic interneurons in which part of the brain?

Answer 13

Cerebellum

Question 14

Whichfactor directly antagonises SOX2 to enable basal progenitors to switch from proliferative to differentiation mode to make neurons?

Answer 14

SOX21

Question 15

A defect in Delta-Notch signalling in the invertebrate neuroectoderm causes what?

Answer 15

An increased number of neuroblasts (NBs)

Question 16

What determines neuronal identity?

Answer 16

Proneural and Hox

Question 17

The default fate for neural stem cells in the mammalian neural tube is anterior due to the expression of which gene?

Answer 17

Otx2

Question 18

Branchiomotor neurons in the hindbrain are generated in the p3 zone next to the floor-plate but then migrate in which direction?

Answer 18

Tangentially

Question 19

The main rostro-caudal (anterior-poaterior) division in the neural tube occurs at the Isthmic Organiser (IO) that forms at which boundary?

Answer 19

Midbrain-Hindbrain

Question 20

The rostral migratory stream (RMS) supplies stem cells to which region of the cortex?

Answer 20

Olfactory bulb

Question 21

How is the formation of the layers of the isocortex best described?

Answer 21

Inside out

Question 22

Which neuronal types migrate from the sub-pallium into the pallium of the telencephalon?

Answer 22

GABAergic interneurons

Question 23

Neural stem cells in the vertebrate brain contain an oscillator that makes them flux between being more neuro-competent and more glio-competent every 2hours. What is the main reason why there able to do this?

Answer 23

HES1 auto-repression of its own expression

Question 24

Myelinating cell types?

Answer 24

Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells

Question 25

What type of neuron is generated in the pMN region of the spinal cord?

Answer 25

Motor neuron