Lesson Seven

Question 1

Aversion

Answer 1

N: feeling of dislike or reluctance

Example:
-he has an aversion to moving fast and working hard.
-she has a deep aversion to getting up in the morning.

Question 2

Cogent

Answer 2

Adj: Compelling or convincing; forcible; persuasive and well expressed

Example:
-he makes a cogent argument for improving early childhood education
-the lawyer’s cogent arguments convinced the jury

Question 3

Forcible

Answer 3

Adj: forcible actions involve the use of physical power or of violence

Example: the police’s forcible entry into the building has come under a lot of criticism

Question 4

Evince

Answer 4

V: show clearly that one has a feeling, quality, etc.

Example: a dog evinces its dislike of strangers by growling

Question 5

Gist

Answer 5

N: the most important pieces of information about something, or general information without detail

Example:
-got the gist: we got the gist, but not every word.
-the gist of: I don’t have time to read the report, can you give me the gist of it.
- for gist: reading for gist requires less detailed comprehension.

Question 6

Inevitable

Answer 6

Adj: certain to happen and unable to be avoided or prevented

Example: the accident was the inevitable consequence/result/outcome of carelessness

Question 7

Intrinsic

Answer 7

Adj: being an extremely important and basic characteristic of a person or thing

Example:
-the intrinsic value of a dollar bill is only that of a paper
-math is an intrinsic part of the school curriculum.

Question 8

Gettison

Answer 8

V: to get rid of something or someone that is not wanted or needed

Example: the station has jettisoned educational broadcasts

Question 9

Missile

Answer 9

N: a flying weapon that has its own engine so that it can travel a long distance before exploding at the place that it has been aimed at

Example: missile attacks on the capital resumed at dawn

Question 10

Lethargic

Answer 10

Adj: having little energy; feeling unwilling and unable to do anything; lazy or indifferent; sluggish

Example: I was feeling tired and lethargic

Question 11

Mold

Answer 11

V: shape or form(character, behavior, etc)

Example: television plays a dominant role in molding public opinion

Question 12

Paramount

Answer 12

Superior to all others, more important than anything else

Example:
-there are my priorities, but reducing the budget deficit is paramount/is of paramount importance
-truth is of paramount importance to an honest person

Question 13

Prevalent

Answer 13

Adj: widespread; widely or commonly occurring or existing

Example:
-these diseases are more prevalent among young children
-colds are prevalent in the winter

Question 14

Rebuke

Answer 14

V: to speak angrily to someone because you disapprove of what they have said or done.

Example:
-I was rebuked by my manager for being late.
-he was publicly rebuked by the committee for ignoring club rules

Question 15

Remiss

Answer 15

Adj: careless and not doing a duty well enough; negligent or careless in performance of duty

Example:
-you have been remiss in your duties.
-a policeman who lets a thief escape is remiss in his duty

Question 16

Sensationalize

Answer 16

V: make an event, affair, etc. Seem more shocking or worse than it really is

Example: they were accused of sensationalizing the story

Question 17

Abortive

Answer 17

Adj: an abortive attempt or plan has to be stopped because it has failed

Example:he made two abortive attempts on the French throne

Question 18

Rebellion

Answer 18

N:violent action organized by a group of people who are trying to change the political system in their country

Example: the government has brutally crushed the rebellion

Question 19

Superficial

Answer 19

Adj: relating to what is only apparent; not profound

Example: they just made superficial efforts to restore peace to the region

Question 20

Susceptible

Answer 20

Adj: easily influenced or harmed by something; easily influenced; likely to allow or be affected by something

Example:
-these plants are particularly susceptible to frost
-among particularly susceptible children, the disease can develop very fast

Question 21

Terse

Answer 21

Adj: effectively concise; brief and to the point; using few words, sometimes in a way that seems rude or unfriendly

Example:
-“are you feeling any better?””NO!” Was the terse reply
-epitaphs are usually terse and witty

Question 22

Epitaph

Answer 22

N: a short piece of writing or a poem about a dead person, especially one written in their gravestone

Question 23

Witty

Answer 23

Adj: using words in a clever and funny way

Example:
-a witty comment/remark
-he was witty and very charming

Question 24

Transient

Answer 24

Adj: lasting for only a short time; temporary

Example:
-Motels cater primarily to tourists and other transient guests
-a glass of whisky has only a transient warming effect

Question 25

Tussle

Answer 25

V: struggle; to have difficult disagreements or strong arguments Example: -the residents are still tussling over the ever-scarcer street parking -we had a real tussle with the travel agent to get our money refunded

Question 26

Vogue

Answer 26

N: brief but intense popularity Example: -that song had a great vogue at one time -in the 1930s, short hair for women became the vogue

Question 27

Distortion

Answer 27

N:the action of giving a misleading account or impression; a change to the intended or true meaning of something Example: we're tired of the media's continuing distortion of our issues

Question 28

Decisive

Answer 28

Adj: able to make decisions quickly and confidently, or showing this quality Example: -You need to be more decisive. -a decisive reply

Question 29

flatter

Answer 29

V: to praise someone in order to make them feel attractive or important, sometimes in a way that is not sincere Example: I knew he was only flattering me because he wanted to borrow some money.

Question 30

Flatten

Answer 30

V: to become level or cause something to become level Example: Several trees were flattened (= knocked down) by the storm

Question 31

Neutral

Answer 31

Adj: not saying or doing anything that would encourage or help any of the groups involved in an argument or war Example: If there's an argument between my daughter and her mother, it's important that I remain neutral.

Question 32

Disinterested

Answer 32

Adj: having no personal involvement or receiving no personal advantage, and therefore free to act fairly Example: -a disinterested observer/judgment -a piece of disinterested advice

Question 33

Attentive

Answer 33

Adj: listening carefully; If someone is attentive, they are very helpful and take care of you Example: -an attentive audience -attentive to: He was very attentive to her when she was ill. -A good teacher is always attentive to their students' needs.

Question 34

Publicity

Answer 34

N: the activity of making certain that someone or something attracts a lot of interest or attention from many people, or the attention received as a result of this activity Example: He attracted a lot of adverse/bad publicity with his speech about unmarried mothers.

Question 35

Initiative

Answer 35

N: the ability to use your judgment to make decisions and do things without needing to be told what to do Example: -show initiative: Although she was quite young, she showed a lot of initiative and was promoted to manager after a year. -use initiative: I shouldn't always have to tell you what to do, use your initiative (= use your own judgment to decide what to do)!

Question 36

Preferably

Answer 36

Adv: if possible Example: Water the plants twice a week, preferably in the morning

Question 37

Indecisive

Answer 37

Adj: not good at making decisions Example: He is widely thought to be an indecisive leader.

Question 38

Cast

Answer 38

V: to throw something Example: The knight cast the sword far out into the lake.

Question 39

Emanate

Answer 39

V: come forth, as from a source; issue; originate Example: Angry voices emanated from the next room.

Question 40

Groundless

Answer 40

Adj: without a reason, cause, or argument Example: -Your concerns are groundless. -he had groundless doubt on our traditional beliefs

Question 41

Grounds

Answer 41

N: the foundation or basis for an argument, belief, etc. Example: he had to retire on grounds of ill health

Question 42

Indeterminacy

Answer 42

N: the state of not being measured, counted, or clearly known Example: -A sort of moral indeterminacy has always been at the centre of his art. -He is bothered by the indeterminacy that quantum theory ascribes to the physical world.

Question 43

ascribe something to something

Answer 43

Parasal verb: to believe or say that something is caused by something else. Example: To what do you ascribe your phenomenal success?

Question 44

minuscule

Answer 44

Adj: extremely small Example: All she gave him to eat was two minuscule pieces of toast.

Question 45

Postulate

Answer 45

V: to suggest a theory, idea, etc. as a basic principle from which a further idea is formed or developed; assume as a premise or axiom; take for granted Example: It was the Greek astronomer, Ptolemy, who postulated that the earth was at the centre of the universe

Question 46

Axiom

Answer 46

N: a formal statement or principle in mathematics, science, etc., from which other statements can be obtained. Example: Euclid's axioms form the foundation of his system of geometry.

Question 47

Preordain

Answer 47

V: (especially of a power thought to be greater than ordinary people) to decide or fix what will happen in a way that cannot be changed or controlled Example: His life seems to have followed a preordained path/direction.

Question 48

Decree

Answer 48

V: to officially decide or order that something must happen. Example: -They decreed an end to discrimination on grounds of age. -After the earthquake, the government decreed that all new buildings must be built according to the new standards.

Question 49

Preordained

Answer 49

Adj: predestined; ordered or decreed in advance

Question 50

Unerringly

Answer 50

Adv: without error Example: The ball went unerringly into the hole.

Question 51

Discretion

Answer 51

N: the freedom to decide what should be done in a particular situation Example: -she knew she could rely on his discretion -it is up to local authorities to use their discretion in setting the charges

Question 52

Inclination

Answer 52

N: an idea that is based on feeling and for which there is no proof Example: We should be basing our decisions on solid facts, not inclinations and hunches.

Question 53

Hunch

Answer 53

N: an idea that is based on feeling and for which there is no proof Example: I had a hunch that you'd be here.

Question 54

Amity

Answer 54

N: a good relationship Example: The two groups had lived in perfect amity for many years before the recent troubles.

Question 55

Animosity

Answer 55

N: strong dislike, opposition, or anger Example: Of course we're competitive, but there's no personal animosity between us.

Question 56

Panacea

Answer 56

N: something that will solve all problems or cure all illnesses Example: Books are not meant to be a panacea for an illness or loss.

Question 57

Protagonist

Answer 57

N: one of the main characters in a story or a play; the leading(first) character in a play, novel, or story; an important supporter of an idea or political system Example: Key protagonists of the revolution were hunted down and executed

Question 58

Pandemonium

Answer 58

N: a situation in which there is a lot of noise and confusion because people are excited, angry, or frightened Example: Pandemonium reigned in the hall as the unbelievable election results were read out.

Question 59

Reign

Answer 59

V: to be the main feeling or quality in a situation or person Example: The bomb attacks produced a panic which reigned over the city

Question 60

Protozoan

Answer 60

N: animal consisting only of a single cell(“first animal”) Example: -Amoebas are protozoans. -Protozoans reproduce by splitting into two.

Question 61

Prototype

Answer 61

N: first or original model of anything; model; pattern Example: a prototype for/of a new car

Question 62

Pantomime

Answer 62

N: dramatic performance that is all signs and gestures without words

Question 63

Affinity

Answer 63

N: a close similarity between two things; kinship; sympathy; liking; attraction Example: There are several close affinities between the two paintings.

Question 64

Unilateral

Answer 64

Adj: one -sided; undertaken by one side only Example: a unilateral action

Question 65

Equilateral

Answer 65

Adj: having all sides equal Example: an equilateral triangle

Question 66

Finale

Answer 66

N: end or final part of a musical composition, opera, play, etc. Example: In summer, outdoor concerts, frequently with firework finales, take place in the gardens.

Question 67

Definitive

Answer 67

Adj: firm, final, and complete; not to be questioned or changed. Example: There is no definitive scientific evidence that coffee is harmful

Question 68

Collateral

Answer 68

N: situated at the side; accompanying; parallel; additional Example:after voting for the road building program, the legislature took up the collateral issue of how to raise the necessary funds.

Question 69

Legislature

Answer 69

N: the group of people in a country or part of a country who have the power to make and change laws

Question 70

Magnanimous

Answer 70

Adj: showing greatness or nobility of mind; forgiving; generous Example: The team's manager was magnanimous in victory, and praised the losing team.

Question 71

Equanimity

Answer 71

N: evenness of mind or temper; calmness; composure; a calm mental state, especially after a shock or disappointment or in a difficult situation Example: -with equanimity: He received the news of his mother's death with remarkable equanimity. -Three years after the tragedy she has only just begun to regain her equanimity.

Question 72

Unanimous

Answer 72

Adj: If a group of people are unanimous, they all agree about one particular matter or vote the same way, and if a decision or judgment is unanimous, it is formed or supported by everyone in a group; of one mind; in complete accord Example: -The jury returned a unanimous verdict of guilty after a short deliberation. -After a lengthy discussion we reached a unanimous decision on the proposal. -The new format has unanimous support.

Question 73

Enamored

Answer 73

Adj: inflamed with love; charmed; captivated Example: Not everyone is enamored of steak

Question 74

Amicable

Answer 74

Adj: characterized by friendliness rather than antagonism; friendly Example: His manner was perfectly amicable, but I felt uncomfortable.

Question 75

Antagonism

Answer 75

N: hate, extreme unfriendliness, or active opposition to someone Example: There's a history of antagonism between the two teams.