Lesson Five

Question 1

Jargon

Answer 1

N: special words and phrases that are used by particular groups of people, especially in their work

Example:military/legal/computer jargon

Question 2

Break out

Answer 2

Phrasal verb: If something dangerous or unpleasant breaks out, it suddenly starts

Example:
-War broke out in 1914.
-Fighting has broken out all over the city.

Question 3

Acquainted

Answer 3

Adj: knowing or being familiar with a person

Example:
acquainted with: I am not personally acquainted with the gentleman in question.

Question 4

Propulsion

Answer 4

N: a force that pushes something forward

Example:
-wind propulsion
-a propulsion system

Question 5

Dock

Answer 5

N: a long structure built over water where passengers can get on or off a boat or where goods can be put on and taken off

Question 6

Consonant

Answer 6

N: one of the speech sounds or letters of the alphabet that is not a vowel. Consonants are pronounced by stopping the air from flowing easily through the mouth, especially by closing the lips or touching the teeth with the tongue.

Question 7

Articulate

Answer 7

Adj: able to express thoughts and feelings easily and clearly, or showing this quality

Example:
-an intelligent and highly articulate young woman
-She gave a witty, entertaining, and articulate speech.

Question 8

Convey

Answer 8

V: to express a thought, feeling, or idea so that it is understood by other people

Example:His poetry conveys a great sense of religious devotion.

Question 9

Ostracize

Answer 9

V: to avoid someone intentionally, or to prevent someone from taking part in the activities of a group

Example:His colleagues ostracized him after he criticized the company in public.

Question 10

Tenant

Answer 10

N: a person who pays rent for the use of land or a building

Example: For years, they were tenants on my father’s property.

Question 11

Skyscraper

Answer 11

N: a very tall modern building, usually in a city

Question 12

Domestic

Answer 12

Adj: relating to a person’s own country

Example: domestic airlines/flights

Question 13

Utterance

Answer 13

N:something that someone says

Example;
The senator’s recent utterances were promptly rebutted by three of his colleagues on Monday.

Question 14

Rebut

Answer 14

V: to argue that a statement or claim is not true

Example:He appeared on TV to rebut the charges against him.

Question 15

Masonry

Answer 15

N: the bricks and pieces of stone that are used to make a building

Example:Several of the firefighters were injured by falling masonry.

Question 16

Beam

Answer 16

N:
1. a line of light that shines from a bright object

Example:
beam of light The lighthouse cast a beam of light across the bay.

2. a long, thick piece of wood, metal, or concrete, especially used to support weight in a building or other structure

Example:The sitting room had exposed wooden beams.

Question 17

Shingle

Answer 17

N:
1. small, round stones that cover a beach or the ground by the edge of a river

Example:
a shingle beach

2. a thin, flat tile made of wood, slate, etc. that is fixed in rows to make a roof or wall covering

Question 18

Clapboard

Answer 18

N: a series of boards fixed horizontally to the outside of a building, with each board partly covering the one below, to protect the building from the weather

Example:The town of Rockport is full of rows of white clapboard houses.

Question 19

Foundry

Answer 19

N: a factory where metal is melted and poured into specially shaped containers to produce machine parts

Question 20

Usher

Answer 20

V: to show someone where they should go, or to make someone go where you want them to go

Example:She ushered us into her office and offered us coffee.

Question 21

Carving

Answer 21

N: a shape or pattern cut into wood or stone or the skill of doing this

Example:wooden/stone carvings

Question 22

Integrity

Answer 22

N: wholeness and unity

Example:The integrity of the play would be ruined by changing the ending

Question 23

Exploit

Answer 23

V: to use something in a way that helps you

Example:exploit resources: We need to make sure that we exploit our resources as fully as possible.

Question 24

Lethal

Answer 24

Adj: able to cause or causing death; extremely dangerous

Example:Three minutes after the fire started, the house was full of lethal fumes.

Question 25

Plate tectonics

Answer 25

N: the study of how the surface of the earth is formed, how the separate pieces of it move, and the effects of this movement

Question 26

Drift

Answer 26

V: to move slowly, especially as a result of outside forces, with no control over direction Example:The talk drifted aimlessly from one subject to another.

Question 27

Tremor

Answer 27

N: a slight earthquake Example:The tremor was felt as far as 200 miles away.

Question 28

Seismograph

Answer 28

N: a piece of equipment that measures and records the strength of an earthquake

Question 29

Strain

Answer 29

N: a force or influence that stretches, pulls, or puts pressure on something, sometimes causing damage Example: -put a strain on: The hurricane put such a strain on the bridge that it collapsed. -As you get older, excess weight puts a lot of strain on the heart. -Their constant arguments were putting a strain on their marriage. -The recent decline in the dollar has put a bigger strain on the economic system. -Migration into the cities is putting a strain on already stretched resources.

Question 30

Slippage

Answer 30

N: a reduction in the rate, amount, or standard of something Example:The party leader is said to be concerned at the slippage (= loss of popularity) in the recent opinion polls.

Question 31

-prone

Answer 31

Suffix: likely to experience a particular problem more often than is usual Example: -accident-prone -injury-prone

Question 32

Horrendous

Answer 32

Adj: extremely unpleasant or bad Example:a horrendous accident/tragedy/crime

Question 33

Rubble

Answer 33

N: the piles of broken stone and bricks, etc. that are left when a building falls down or is destroyed Example:The bomb reduced the house to rubble.

Question 34

Tidal wave

Answer 34

N: an extremely large wave caused by movement of the earth under the sea, often caused by an earthquake (= a shaking of the earth)

Question 35

Well

Answer 35

N: a deep hole in the ground from which you can get water, oil, or gas

Question 36

Menace

Answer 36

N: something that is likely to cause harm Example:Drunk drivers are a menace to everyone.

Question 37

Intensify

Answer 37

V: to become greater, more serious, or more extreme, or to make something do this Example:Fighting around the capital has intensified in the last few hours.

Question 38

Unerring

Answer 38

Adj: always accurate in your judgment or ability Example:He has an unerring talent for writing catchy melodies.

Question 39

Occurrence

Answer 39

N: something that happens Example:Street-fights are an everyday occurrence in this area of the city.

Question 40

Epicenter

Answer 40

N: the point on the earth's surface directly above an earthquake or atomic explosion

Question 41

Screech

Answer 41

V: to make an unpleasant, loud, high noise Example:She was screeching at him at the top of her voice.

Question 42

Yelp

Answer 42

V: to make a sudden, short, high sound, usually when in pain Example: -I accidentally stepped on the dog's foot and it yelped. -She yelped, as if being punched in the stomach.

Question 43

Evacuate

Answer 43

V: to move people from a dangerous place to somewhere safe Example:The police evacuated the village shortly before the explosion.

Question 44

Toll

Answer 44

N: suffering, deaths, or damage Example:Independent sources say that the death toll from the earthquake runs into thousands.

Question 45

Alloy

Answer 45

N: a metal that is made by mixing two or more metals, or a metal and another substance Example:Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.

Question 46

Propel

Answer 46

V: to push or move something somewhere, often with a lot of force Example:a rocket propelled through space

Question 47

Eradicate

Answer 47

V: to get rid of something completely or destroy something bad Example: The disease that once claimed millions of lives has now been eradicated.

Question 48

Endeavor

Answer 48

N: an effort or attempt to do something Example:Writing is a very different endeavor than teaching.

Question 49

Subtle

Answer 49

Adj: 1.not loud, bright, noticeable, or obvious in any way Example: -The room was painted a subtle shade of pink. -The play's message is perhaps too subtle to be understood by young children. 2.small but important Example: There is a subtle difference between these two plans. 3.achieved in a quiet way that does not attract attention to itself and is therefore good or clever Example: -a subtle plan/suggestion -subtle questions