lesson 9 pharmacology involving infections

Question 1

gram positive bacteria

Answer 1

remains purple ( crystal violet)

Question 2

gram negative bacteria

Answer 2

remains red (safranin)

Question 3

bactericidal chemo

Answer 3

kills bacteria

Question 4

bacteriostatic chemo

Answer 4

inhibits growth of bacteria

Question 5

antibiotics

Answer 5

chemical substances obtained from microorganisms

Question 6

antimicrobials

Answer 6

chemical substance obtained by synthesis

Question 7

antibacterial spectrum

Answer 7

-spectrum of bacteria susceptible to an antibiotic

effective against a wide range of bacteria

Question 8

broad spectrum antibiotic

Answer 8

-effective against a wide range of bacteria

Question 9

penicillin MOA + origin

Answer 9

• obtained from mold
• bactericidal
• disrupts cell wall synthesis which kills the cell

Question 10

cephalosporins MOA + generations + whats drug does this drug substitute and why?

Answer 10

• disrupts cell wall synthesis
• bactericidal
• 4 generations
• substitute for penicillin when allergy

Question 11

cephalosporins adverse effects

Answer 11

• GI disturbances
• nephrotoxicity
• doesn’t react with alcohol
• allergy

Question 12

aminoglycosides

Answer 12

• gram negative
• bacteriostatic
• stops bacteria from synthesizing
• poorly absorbed in GI tract
• good for abdominal surgeries
• IV

Question 13

tetracylines

Answer 13

• broad spectrum antibiotics
• bacteriostatic
• gram positive/negative
• used for MRSA (tigecycline ask active/treated)

Question 14

macroline antibiotics

Answer 14

• bacteriostatic
• erythromycin (gentital infection)
• azithromycin (long half life, ear and respiratory infections)

Question 15

fluoroquinolone antimicrobials

Answer 15

• gram negative
• bactericidal
• well absorbed
• broad
• used to treat urinary tract disease, respiratory, bone and soft tissue infection

Question 16

upper respiratory infections preferred…

Answer 16

amoxicillin

Question 17

community acquired pneumonia preferred…

Answer 17

• macrolides
• azithromycin
• clarithromycin
• second gen cephalosporins

Question 18

chemotherapy

Answer 18

uses drugs to kill/stop cancer growth

Question 19

drug resistance

Answer 19

ability of bacteria to resist the effects of an antibiotic

Question 20

t/f penicillin is divided into 3 generations?

Answer 20

f!

2!

Question 21

1st gen penicillin

Answer 21

penicillin G & V

narrow spectrum

effective against gram positive bacteria

Question 22

2nd gen penicillin

Answer 22

ampicillin and amoxicillin

broad spectrum

effective against same bacteria as 1st gen + some gram negatives like Ecoli

Question 23

penicillin adverse effects

Answer 23

nausea/diarrhea/convulsions

Question 24

cephalosporins 1st gen

Answer 24

used to treat both gram positive + negative

Question 25

cephalosporins 3rd gen

Answer 25

broader
longer DOA
gram negative

Question 26

what cephalosporins can cross blood brain barrier

Answer 26

gen 3