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PCP > lesson 5 chapters 25-27 missing 27 > Flashcards

lesson 5 chapters 25-27 missing 27 Flashcards

1
Q

indications for diuretics

A

anuria
hypertension
edema

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2
Q

what do all diuretics produce?

A

diuresis
prevent water and sodium from being reabsorbed into the kidneys
intensity can vary

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3
Q

urine formation processes

A

filtration
reabsorption
secretion

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4
Q

oliguria

A

decreased urine flow

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5
Q

anuria

A

no urine output

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6
Q

where are ions and nutrients reabsorbed

A

glomerulus

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7
Q

where is water reabsorbed

A

proximal convulsed tubules and collecting ducts

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8
Q

indications for diuretics

A 
treatment of anuria and oliguria 
renal failure
OD
cerebral edema 
localized swelling and pressure
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9
Q

how are osmotic diuretics administered

A

IV

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10
Q

osmotic diuretics MOA

A

create an osmotic gradient to prevent water reabsorption

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11
Q

osmotic diuretics adverse effects

A

nausea
dizziness
headache
chills

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12
Q

loop diuretics

A

relieves edema

manages ascites

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13
Q

loop diuretics MOA

A

prevent Na and Cl ion transport in the loop of henle

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14
Q

loop diuretics adverse effects

A

nausea, hyperglycaemia, hypotension, hypokalemia

contra - anuria, electrolyte depletion

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15
Q

K sparing diuretics

A

control potassium depletion

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16
Q

K sparing diuretics MOA

A

inhibit potassium secretion in the distal convulsed tubules

17
Q

K sparing adverse effects

A

nausea, diarrhea, hyperkalemia

18
Q

ADH

A

regulates water balance by controlling water loss

19
Q

ADH adverse effects

A

changes in electrolyte and acid/base balance
hypokalemia
dehydration
OD = exaggerated clinical effects

20
Q

CO = ?

A

HR x SV

21
Q

peripheral resistance (PR)

A

friction arteries/arterioles have against blood flow

increased by vasoconstriction

22
Q

BP = ?

what can affect the reading?

A

CO x PR

high sodium intake, obesity, smoking, lack of exercise

23
Q

what do the kidneys have to do with increased BP

A

decreased renal blood flow activates renin angiotensin aldosterone which causes vasoconstriction and sodium/water retention

24
Q

antihypersensitive therapy

A

lowers BP and life expectancy

25
Q

t/f hypertension increases parasympathetic activation

A

F!

sympathetic activation!

26
Q

calcium channel blockers

A

produce arteriolar vasodilation

27
Q

drugs that reduce activity of angiotensin 2

A

renin inhibitors

ACE inhibitors

28
Q

hypertension treatment that’s mild/moderate

A

diuretics and beta blockers

29
Q

hypertension and renal disease treatment

A

ACE inhibitors and ARBs

30
Q

what treatments is best for someone with ischemic heart disease or cardiac arrhythmias

A

calcium channel blockers or beta blockers

31
Q

when to use adrenergic blocking drugs

A

with patients with excessive sympathetic activation

PCP (12 decks)

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