Lesson 9: Magmatism

Question 1

PHIVOLCS stands for

Answer 1

philippine institute of volcanology and seismology

Question 2

composed of semi-liquid hot molten rocks located beneath the Earth,
specifically in the melted mantle rock and oceanic plate.

Answer 2

magma

Question 3

magma, when solidified, creates ____ found on the surface of the Earth

Answer 3

igneous rocks

Question 4

is found in the magma chamber of the volcano

Answer 4

magma

Question 5

found on the surface of the Earth once the volcano erupts

Answer 5

lava

Question 6

process under the earth’s crust where formation and movement of
magma occur

Answer 6

magmatism

Question 7

where does magmatism take place

Answer 7

asthenosphere

Question 8

asthenosphere is composed of

Answer 8

lower part of the crust and upper mantle

Question 9

The magma present in the lower crust and upper mantle of the Earth is formed or
generated through the process of

Answer 9

partial melting

Question 10

what happens in partial melting

Answer 10

different minerals in rock melt at different temperature and pressure

Question 11

volatile materials include

Answer 11

water and carbon dioxide

Question 12

three things required for melting in the mantle to occur

Answer 12

increase in temperature, decrease in pressure, and addition of volatiles

Question 13

Conduction in mantle happens when heat is
transferred from hotter molten rocks to the Earth’s cold crust. This process is
known as

Answer 13

heat transfer

Question 14

where do tectonic plates crash together, wherein if magma rises, it is hot enough to melt the rock it touches

Answer 14

convergent boundaries

Question 15

when do rock start to melt

Answer 15

once the temperature in the lower crust and upper mantle increases/exceeds the melting point of the minerals

Question 16

temperature of the mantle

Answer 16

1200 degrees celsius

Question 17

when do rock minerals like quartz and feldspar begin to partially melt

Answer 17

650-850 degrees celsius

Question 18

Mantle rocks remain solid when exposed to

Answer 18

high pressure

Question 19

what triggers the melting of magma in terms of pressure?

Answer 19

during convection, rocks tend to go upward and the pressure is reduced

Question 20

Mantle rocks remain solid when exposed to high
pressure. However, during convection, these rocks tend to go upward (shallower
level) and the pressure is reduced. This triggers the melting of magma. This is

Answer 20

decompression melting

Question 21

what is the underwater mountain syste where decompression melting occurs

Answer 21

mid-ocean ridge

Question 22

: When water or carbon dioxide is added to hot rocks, ____ occurs

Answer 22

flux melting

Question 23

what happens when flux melting occurs

Answer 23

the melting point of minerals in the rocks decrease, triggering partial melting

Question 24

where does flux melting occur

Answer 24

subduction zone