Lesson 7.1: Exogenic Processes

Question 1

The earth’s surface is composed of

Answer 1

water and landmasses

Question 2

The weathered materials are transported by different agents from one
place to another and will settle down in a particular area. These progressions that
happen are achieved by forms called

Answer 2

exogenic processes

Question 3

the process of disintegration (physical) and decomposition (chemical)
of rocks; a process of breaking down rocks into small particles such
as sand, clay, gravel and other fragments.

Answer 3

weathering

Question 4

the breakdown of rocks into
pieces without any change in its composition.

Answer 4

mechanical/physical weathering

Question 5

in mechanical/physical weathering, what part of the rock changes?

Answer 5

size and shape

Question 6

factors of mechanical/physical weathering

Answer 6

pressure, temperature, frost wedging, abrasion, organic activity, human activities, and burrowing animals

Question 7

Due to tectonic forces, granite may rise to form mountain range.
After the granite ascends and cools, the overlying rocks and
sediments may erode. At the point when the pressure diminishes,
the rock expands, cools, and became brittle and fractured.

Answer 7

Pressure

Question 8

Rocks expand and are fractured when expose to high temperature.
However, if the temperature drops to 0°C (freezing point of water), it
also expands and causes fracture.

Answer 8

Temperature

Question 9

Generally, rocks have fracture in its surface and when water
accumulates in the crack and at that point freezes, the ice expands
and breaks the rock apart.

Answer 9

Frost Wedging

Question 10

The breakdown of rocks is caused by impact and friction. This
primarily occurs during collision of rocks, sand, and silt due to
current or waves along a stream or seashore causing sharp edges
and corners to wear off and become rounded.

Answer 10

Abrasion

Question 11

The roots grow causing penetration into the crack, expand, and in
the long run, break the rock.

Answer 11

Organic Activity

Question 12

Activities such as digging, quarrying, denuding forests and
cultivating land contribute to physical weathering.

Answer 12

Human Activities

Question 13

Animals like rats, rabbits and squirrels excavate into the ground to
create a space for habitation.

Answer 13

Burrowing Animals

Question 14

these are changes in the composition of rocks due to the
chemical reactions

Answer 14

chemical weathering

Question 15

chemical reactions that cause chemical weathering

Answer 15

dissolution, hydrolysis, and oxidation

Question 16

It occurs in specific minerals which are dissolved in water. Examples
of these minerals are Halite (NaCl) and Calcite (CaCO3). The
formation of stalactites and stalagmites in caves are brought about
by this chemical reaction.

Answer 16

Dissolution

Question 17

Rock-forming minerals like amphibole, pyroxene, and feldspar react
with water and form different kinds of clay minerals.

Answer 17

Hydrolysis

Question 18

It is the response of oxygen with minerals. If the iron oxidizes, the
mineral in rocks decomposes. Rusting is an example of this chemical
reaction.

Answer 18

Oxidation

Question 19

Weathering is an important process in the

Answer 19

formation of soil

Question 20

soil is a mixture of

Answer 20

grains, organic matter, H2O, and gas

Question 21

the separation and removal of weathered rocks due to different agents
like water, wind, and glacier that causes transportation of the material to where
they are deposited.

Answer 21

Erosion

Question 22

three things that play an important role in the erosional process

Answer 22

plants, animals, and humans

Question 23

The movement of sediments downslope under the influence of gravity

Answer 23

Mass Wasting

Question 24

examples of mass wasting

Answer 24

fall, slide, avalanche, and flow

Question 25

the process in which the weathered materials carried out by
erosion settle down in a particular location.

Answer 25

Deposition