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Biology 1-9 > Lesson 9 > Flashcards

Lesson 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

Structural genes

A

Responsible for coding outward appearances and inward components of a person’s cells

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2
Q

Regulatory genes

A

Code for proteins which turn the genes on and off

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3
Q

Mutations

A

Errors in the genetic code

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4
Q

Translocation

A

When broken pieces of chromosome attach to the wrong chromosome

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5
Q

Deletion

A

When a segment of chromosome is broken off and lost

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6
Q

Inversión

A

When a segment of chromosome breaks off and reattaches in the correct place but inverted - upside down

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7
Q

Point mutations

A

Errors in the genes when one or more nucleotide in the sequence is changed

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8
Q

Substitution

A

When a nucleotide is removed and replaced with a different nucleotide

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9
Q

Addition

A

When an extra nucleotide is placed in the sequence causing a frameshift, when all the nucleotides in the DNA are shifted down by 1

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10
Q

Deletion

A

When a nucleotide is removed from the DNA causing a frameshift

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11
Q

Aneuploidy mutations

A

The presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes

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12
Q

Trisomy

A

Instead of a homologous pair there are 3 chromosomes

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13
Q

Monosomy

A

Instead of a homologous pair there is just 1 chromosome

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14
Q

Eugenics

A

Increase the types of people seen as desirable and decrease the populations of people seen as undesirable

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15
Q

Positive eugenics

A

The belief that people with desirable qualities should breed more to increase desirable traits in the population

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16
Q

Negative eugenics

A

The belief that people with undesirable qualities should breed less or not at all to prevent those traits from being passed to the next generations

17
Q

Cloning

A

Genetic duplicates 🐑🐑

18
Q

Genetic engineering

A

When genes of an organism are changed through an artificial means to alter an organism’s phenotype

Biology 1-9 (9 decks)

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