Lesson 8 Flashcards
Heredity
The passing in of physical or mental characteristics from one generation to another
Self-pollination
When a plant has both gamates and fertilizes itself
Cross pollination
The male gamate of one plant fertilizes the female gamate of another plant
Purebred
A plant which has only been self-pollinated
Dominant trait
A genetic trait that has a higher likelihood of being passed on to the next generation
Recessive trait
A genetic trait that is not as likely to be passed on to the next generation
Alleles
Different versions of the same genes
Genotype
The combination of alleles carried by an organism all genes collectively whether dominant or recessive
Phenotype
What the organismo actually looks like
Homozygous
When an organism has 2 copies of the same allele—either both dominant or recessive
Heterozygous
When an organism has 2 different copies of the same allele—one dominant and one recessive
The law of segregation
The segregation of the alleles (dominant and recessive) into the gamates of an organism is random
Punnet square
A simple way to depict genetic crosses and determine the probability of a specific genotype or phenotype
Test cross
The process of observing the offspring of a plant to determine if the parent plant is homozygous or heterozygous
Monohybrid crosses
Crosses that only look at one trait of an organism 👀
